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y BALTH 

Resorts 

OF=  THe 

SOUTH. 


Containing  numerous  Engravings  descriptive 
of  the  most  desirable  l^esorts  of 
the  Southern  States. 


BOSTON : 

Geo.  H.  Chkein. 

1BB9. 


Old  Fort  Marion,  St.  Augustine. 


k\z.  IX. 

4-34' 


St.  At^gcstixe,  Flokida,  ... 

Greenville,  S.  C., 

Paris  jMorxTAiN 

Crescent  Pidoe 

Greenvii.le  ^Mineral  Spring.  . , 

C-ESar’s  Head  ^Mountain,  ... 

Cedar  JIount.un, 

De.morest,  Ga 

AValhalla,  S.  C 

Seneca,  S.  C., 

AA'est.min'Ster,  S.  C 

Oconee  Coi  nta',  S.  C.,  . . . . 

Trout  Fishing  in  the  Mountains, 

Tallulah  Falls,  Ga.  

Clarksville,  Ga.,  

Nacoochee,  Ga., 

Hahlonega,  Ga., 

High  Point,  X.  C. 

Palatka,  


55 

r.8 

98 

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105 
115 
135 
U7 
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177 
181 
191 
205 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


Fort  Marlon 

Heaflpiece  Contents  . . . . 

City  Cate 

St.  Frances  st.,  St.  Augustine  . 
Children  Playing  on  the  Beach  in  . 

February  

Mammoth'  Alligator  at  St.  Augus- 
tine Museum 

The  Anastasia  Light  House 
Front  View  of  the  i^once  de  Leon 

Hotel  

The  Alameda  and  Plaza  . 
Courtyard  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon 

Hotel 

Genovar’s  pera  House  . 

The  Catholic  Cathedral,  remodeled 
The  Cathedral  before  the  Fire 
The  Cordova  Hotel  . . . . 

Distant  View  of  the  San  Marco 

Hotel 

The  Banana  Blossom  . . , 

Jnterior  of  the  Slave  Utarket  . 

The  I’resbyterian  Parsonage  . 

The  Yacht  Club  House 
CabdiingDrum  Fish  on  the  Matazas 
The  old  Slave  Market 
The  I’once  de  Leon  Hotel 
St.  George  St.  and  Bishop’s  Mansion 
Banana'Plants  in  Museum  Garden 
Bird’s  Eye  View  of  St  Augustine 
During  Spanish  Administration 
Fort  Marion  Gateway  and  Coat  of 

A rms 

The  Alcazar 

interior  of  FortiMarion  . 

The  Magnolia  Hotel 

Fort  Jiarion,  the  Dungeon 

Gateway  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotel 

Orange  Archway  . . . . 

Stairway  of  Fort  Marion 

old  Spanish  Museum,  St.  Augustine 

finited  States  Barracks 

The  City  Gates,  side  view 

i»uck  Shooting  near  St.  Augustine 

The  Date  Palm  Blossom  . 

Major  Dale’s  Monuments 
Corridor  of  an  Ancient  House 
A Picturesque  Cabin 
Lock  to  the  Door  of  Fort  Marion 
Lookout  Tower,  Fort  Jiarion 
Aiagnolia  Blossom  . . . . 

St)anisliBayonet  in  Museum  Garden 
Port  Blarrou,  sliowing  the  "Water 
Battery  and  Hot  Sliot  Furnace 
The  Old  Piano  at  the  Museum 
The  Ocean  View  House 
Boating  on  the  Matanzas  River 
The  Spoonbill  at  the  Museum 
A Pine  Forest  near  St.  Augustine  . 
TheNewPost  Office  Building,Green- 

ville 

Head  Piece,  Greenville 
A'oung  Men’s  Christian  Association 
Building,  Greenville 


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Residence  of  tVm.  Wilkins 
Greenville  Conservatory  of  Music 
Residence  of  Hamlin  Beattie  . 
Residence  of  Dr.  .Tohn  H.  Maxwell 
The  Reedy  River  Water  Falls 
Rasidence  of  C.  11.  Lanneau  . 

The  Greenville  Female  College 
A Colored  Washing  Camp 
Bird’s  Eye  View  of  Greenville 
The  Millsdale  Stock  Farm 
The  Presbyterian  Clu  rch  . 
Residenc"  of  W.  T.  Shumate  . 

The  East  End  Schoolhouse  Building 

The  Lanneau  Mill 

The  Furman  University  . 
Ferguson  A Miller  Building  . 

The  Methodist  Church 
Residence  of  T.  Q.  Donaldson 
The  Baptist  Churcli  .... 
The  Mammoth  Vineyard  . 

Main  Street 

Residence  of  H.  B.  Buist  . 

The  Greenville  Coach  Factory 
Re.sidence  of  .Julius  C.  Smith'  . 

The  Episcopal  Church 
Residence  of  .1.  P.  Miller  . 

The  Gower  A Reilly  Warehouse 
Residence  of  .lohn  D.  Sullivan 
“ Sans  Souci 

Residence  of  Mrs.  L.  B.  Cline  . 

A South  Carolina  Garden  Scene 
Residence  of  Squire  McBec 
Lions  Head  Mountain 
Residence  of  Prof.  A.  E.  Townes  . 
The  Mansion  House  . . . . 

The  E.xchange  Hotel  .... 
Residence  of  R.  L.  E.  Bentz 
Residence  of  T.  C.  Gower  . 
Residence  of  George  Heldmann 
The  Altamonte  Hotel,  J’aris  Motin. 

tain 

The  Shumate  Mill  .... 
The  Cline  Building  .... 
The  Carrier  Building 
Greenville  Machine  ^Vorks 
The  Caesar’s  Head  Hotel  . 

Ciesar’s  Head  Mountain  . 

Hotel  de  Gower,  Cedar  Mountain  . 
South  Carolina  Deaf  ami  Dumb 

Asylum 

Jit.  Yonah  from  Demorest  Heights 
Below  the  Old  Mill,  Demorest 
Hazel  Rapids,  Demorest  . 

Lake  Demorest 

AView  of  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains 
The  Biemann  Hotel,  Walhalla 

The  Cliffs 

Residence  of  Otto  H.  Schumacher  . 

The  AVaterfall 

Summer  in  the  Piedmont  Region  . 
Near  Good  Trout  Fishing 
Residence  of  Dr.  D.  B.  Derby  . 

The  Kaufmann  Opera  House  . 

A Mountain  Cascade 


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ILLUSTRATIONS. 


A Mountain  Vien 
A trip  tlirougii  tlie  liill  country 
A day’s  shooting  in  Oconee  County 
A Mountain  Waterfall 
High  and  Invigorating,  free  from 

Malaria 

Returning  from  tlie  Mountains 
Railway  Station  at  Seneca 
Tlie  Keowee  Hotel 
A Mountain  Stream  . 

Taylor’s  Falls  .... 

A Scene  in  Oconee  County 
.larrett  & Hastings’  Milts' 

.1.  W.  Gignilliat’s  Vineyard 
Fort  Hilf,  the  .lohn  C.  Calhoun  resi 
donee  ..... 

A Glimpse  of  the  Valley  . 

A Storm  in  the  Blue  Ridge  Mts. 
Residence  of  R.  E.  IMason,  Wesl 

minster 

A Carolina  Cotton  Field  • 

Fording  the  Stream  . 

Residence  ofA.Zimmermanm.West 
Minster  . , ■ . 

The  Magnilicent  Scenery  of  the 
Mining  Section  of  the  i’iedmon 

Region 

Residence  of  W.  F.  Parker,  West 

minster 

A Stage  Ride  in  the  Piedmon 

Region 

A Landscatie  in  Oconee  County,  S.C 
Trout  Fishing  in  the  IMountains 
A River  Scene  .... 

The  Mountains  hy  Moonlight  . 

The  Prolile  at  Tallulah 
TheRohinson  House, Tallulah  Falls 
Caledonia  Cascade  and  OceanaFalls 

The  Cascade 

Turner’s  I’oint  from  Angelina  Rock 
and  Indian  Arrow  Ra)iids 
The  Grand  View  Hotel,  Tallulah 
The  Mountain  View  Hotel,  Clarks 

Vi  lie 

The  Porter  Cotton  Mill 
The  Granil  Chasm 
Sunset  Hill,  the  Residence  of  Mrs. 

Harriet  C.  Bean 
The  Grove  House,  Clarksville 
Toccoa  Falls  .... 

The  Porter  Woolen  Mill  . 

A Quartz  Mill  in  the  Piedmont 

Region 

Gold  Mining  in  Georgia — the  Water 

Ditch 

Hydraulic  Mining 
A Sheep  Farm  .... 
Residence  of  Cai't.  J.  II.  Nichols 
Nacoochee  .... 
Indian  Mound  at  Nacoochee  . 

Tlje  Anna  Ruhy  Falls 
The  Lovers’  Leap 
The  Bridge  .... 
Tallulah  i'alls  .... 

The  Hall  Stampi  Mill 


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1S4 


Fla 


Ha 


t’s  : 


The  Burnside  House, Dahlonega,Ga. 

Hall’s  Block 

Residence  of  Capt.  Frank  W.  Hall 
Residence  of  Prof.  W.  S.  Wilson  . 
N.  Georgia  Agricultural  College 
A Tunnel  in  the  Piedmont  Region 
.Jarrell’s  Hotel,  High  Point,  N.  C. 
Residence  of  J.  Elwood  Cox,  High 

Point,  N.  C 

Residence  of  E.  A.  Snow  . 

The  Snow  Lumber  Co.’s  Mills  . 

The  Thermal  Belt  Tryon  IMountaiu 
Residence  of  Capjt.  W.  H.  Snow 
The  French  Broad  River  . 

A Scene  in  the  Mountains  of  North 

Carolina 

A Picnic  Party 

A Morning  Ride 

Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn. — Curing  the 

Tobacco 

Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn. — The  Engine 
Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn. — Interior 
\'iew  .... 

A Landscape 
'I'he  Kean  Block,  Palatka, 

On  the  St.  .Johns  River  ( 

The  Carleton  House  \ 

The  Putnam  House  . 

Residence  of  H.  S.  Hart 
Evergreen  Vase  in  Col. 

Garden  .... 

Daily  News  Building  . 

The  Saratoga  House'’  . 

Residence  of  A.  .1.  Kennerly 
Academy  of  the  Sacred  Heart 
Residence  of  F.  A.  Garrison 
Residence  of  Slajor  S.  Conant 
Capt.  Lucas  Boat-house  . 
Residence  of  G.  W.  Pratt  . 

Residence  of  C.  P.  Devereaux 
Frye’s  Natural  History  Store 
Residence  of  F.  C.  Cochrane 
Residence  of  Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Wall 
First  National  Bank  of  Palatka  I 

Sago  Palm l 

The  Ocklawaha  Steamer  . 

The  Louise 

The  Palatka  Water  Works. — The 
Puni]jing  Station 

Palatka  Water  IVorks.— The  Stand 

pipe 

Residence  of  \5  . C.  Hargro  e . 
Edgewater  Grove — Front  \'iew  o 
Residence  .... 
Edgewater. — Side  View  of  Resi 
dence 

Dr.  Flower’s  Winter  Home. — The 
Orange  Grove  .... 
Winter  Home  of  Dr.  R.  C.  Flower 
Dr.  Flower’s  'Winter  Home. — Green 

house 

Dr.  Flower’s  Winter  Home. — The 
Fishpond  . 

Interior  View  of  R.  .1.  Rile’s  .Jew 
elry  Store,  Palatka  . 


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Plaaeg  of  Infeepesti  in  St.  Jlugustine  ai^d  WiGinitv. 


Fort  srARioN— Xortli  end  of  seawall. 

City  Gates— North  end  of  St.  George  St. 

The  Museum— (Which  contains  the  old 
Spanish  relics  and  wonders  of  Florida) 
between  City  Gates  and  Fort  Marion. 
A Souvenir  is  given  to  each  visitor. 

Union  Railway  Station— Malaga  St. 
I'assenger  Fare : In  Omnibus,  25c.  In 
Hack.  .50c.  Baggage  25c.  each  piece. 

South  Beach  Ferry  and  Railway— 
Foot  of  Central  Wharf,  east  of  Plaza. 

Goes  half  hourly. 

HOTELS. 

Ponce  de  Leon— On  the  Alameda,  west 
of  Plaza. 

Cordova— On  the  Alameda,  west  of 
Plaza. 

Alcazar— On  the  Alameda,  we.st  of 
Plaza. 

San  Marco— North  of  City  Gate. 

Magnolia— St.  George,  North  of  Plaza. 

Florida—  “ “ “ “ 

Cleveland— “ “ “ “ “ 

The  Abbey— “ “ “ “ “ 

Rolleston— “ “ “ “ “ 

St.  George— “ “ South  of  Plaza. 

Barcelona — North  of  Ponce  de  Leon. 

Hernandez— Charlotte  Street- 

Ocean  View'- Bay  St.  South  of  Plaza. 

American— Orange  Street. 

With  excellent  boarding  houses  tlirough- 
out  the  city. 

Free  Exhibition  of  strange  and  curi- 
ous things  at  the  Fort  Marion  Store, 
opposite  Fort  Marion,  all  of  which  are 
for  sale 

Old  Huguenot  Cemetery'— North  of 
City  Gates. 

Military  Cemetery'  and  Dade  Monu- 
ment— Southwest  of  Barracks. 

Spanish  Cemetery'— Cordova  St.  near 
Orange. 

CHURCHES. 

Presbyterian  Valencia— N o r t h of 
Ponce  de  Leon.  Services  10.30  A.  M., 
and  7 P.  M.  Sabbath  School  3 P.  M. 
Prayer  Meetings  Wednesdays  7 P.  M. 

Episcopal— South  of  Plaza,  near  St. 
George  St.  Services  10.30  A.  M.,  and 
7 P.  M.  Sabbath  School  3.30.  (See 
bulletin  in  front  of  church.) 

Methodist  (Grace  Church)— Corner 
Cordova  and  Carrera  Sts.,  north  of 
Ponce  de  Leon.  Sermons  10.30  A.  IM., 
and  7 P.  M.  Sabbath  School  9 A.  JI. 
Class  Meeting  11.45  A.  M.  Young  Peo- 


ple’s Meetin"  6.15  P.  M.  Prayer  Meet- 
ing Wednesday  7 P.  M. 

Baptist — In  Opera  House  Building. 
10.30  and  7..30  P.  M.  .Sabbath  School  at 
9 A.  M.  Prayer  Meeting  Thursday  7.30 
P.  ]\r. 

Royian  Catholic  Cathedral— North 
of  Plaza.  Services  6,  8 and  10  A.  M., 
and  4 P.  M. 

Y.  M.  C.  A.ssociation— Lvons  Block, 
Corner  St.  George  St.  and  tbe  Alameda. 
Sabbath  Praise  Meeting  4 P.  M.  Bible 
class  Saturday  7.30  P.  M.  Open  ilaily 
from  8 A.  M'.  to  9 P.  M.  Stranger.s 
cordially  invited. 

Post  Ofpice- St.  George  Street,  at  head 
of  Plaza.  Hours,  Lock  Box  6.30  a.  m. 
to  8p.  m.;  general  delivery,  8 a.  m.  to 
5.30.  Money  orders  and  registered  let- 
ters, 8.30  to  i-2.30  and  1.30  to  3.30. 

United  States  Barracks— At  south 
end  of  Sea  Wall. 

Hospital — South  of  Barracks. 

Spanish  Monument— In  Plaza. 

Yacht  Club  House— At  heail  of  Cen- 
tral Wharf. 

Bath  House — Bay  Street  between  Plaza 
and  Fort. 

Telegraph  Offices— At  Ponce  de  Leon 
and  San  Marco  hotels  and  in  Bank 
Building  north  of  Plaza. 

Opera  House— St.  George  Street. 

Old  Slay'e  Market— In  I'laza. 

Artesian  Water  Fount.ain— In  the 
Slave  Market. 

Public  Library— Post  Otlice  Building, 
hours  10  a.  m.  to  1 p.  m.  except  Thurs- 
day and  Sunday.  Non-residents  can 
take  out  books  fiee,  by  depositing  two 
dollars. 

Artists  Studio's — Y’alencia  St.,  north 
of  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotei. 

The  Tourists’  Registry— .\t  the  Span- 
ish Museum,  opposite  Fort  Ylarion. 

Ponce  de  Leon  Spring — West  of  City. 
XftWc  Ccirri«i^6. 

Coquina  Quarries — South  of  Light 
House  on  Anastasia  Island. 

•‘Old  Curiosity  Shop”— In  the  Museum 
Building  between  the  City  Gate  ami 
Fort. 

Lorrillari)  Park— North  of  New 
Augustine,  beyond  Ponce  de  Leon 
Spring. 

Hacienda — The  old  Master’s  Plantation, 
near  Lon'illard  Park,  to  be  sold  as  .a 
whole  or  in  house  lots.  Apply  at  Fort 
Marion  store. 


t.  Auffustine,  Florida. 


The  Name.  The  city  of  St.  Augustine 
[Chtdad  de  San.Augusthi)  received  its  name 
from  its  founder,  Pedro  Menendez  de  Aviles, 
who  took  possession  of  the  place  in  the  name 
of  Philip  II,  King  of  Spain,  on  the  8th  day  of 
September,  1565.  As  he  had  arrived  on  the 
coast  the  28th  of  the  preceding  month,  the 
day  dedicated  to  St.  Augustine,  he  was  led  to  name  the  city  in  honor  of 
that  celebrated  Latin  Father.  The  Indians  whom  he  found  there  called 
tlie  place  Selooe,  or  Seloy,  from  the  numerous  dolphins  (porpoises)  seen 
along  the  shore ; _ _ the  Spaniards  had 


already  named  the 
an  entrance  at  the 
the  south  end  ofk 
eight  feet  deep  at 
River  of  Dol- 
Situation.— 
brated  for  its  an- 
history,  the  pecu- 
ings,  the  salubrity 
the  geniality  of  its 
the  southern  part 

two  miles  from  the  J*  __  

Matanzas  and  the 

Rivers,  and  is  a The  Old  City  Gates, 

the  capital  of  St.  John’s  County,  Florida.  Its  latitude  is  29°,  48 
2,0"  north  ; its  longitude  81°,  35  ' west,  and  it  is  about  30  miles  south 
of  Jacksonville,  160  miles  south  of  Savannah,  and  200  miles  east  of 


^ harbor,  which  has 
north  and  also  at 
fnastasia  Island, 
^glow  tide,  “The 
'm  phins.” 

This  city,  cele- 
tiquity,  romantic 
iarity  of  its  build- 
of  its  climate,  and 
people,  is  built  on 
of  a peninsula, 
sea,  between  the 
St.  Sebastian 
port  of  entry,  and 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOOTH. 


Tallahassee.  It  is  separated- from  the  sea  by  Anastasia  Island  and  the 
Matanzas  River,  forming  a safe  harbor  about  one-half  mile  in  width, 
with  some  20  feet  depth  of  water.  A triangulation  of  the  harbor  was 
made  by  the  U.  S.  Coast  Survey  in  1859,  which  gives  the  mean  height 
of  the  rise  of  the  tide  4.2  feet.  The  site  of  the  city  is  level  and  elevated 
only  about  12  feet  above  the  water. 

When  Harriet  Beecher  Stowe  first  visited  St.  Augustine,  she  said,  in 
describing  it : “ If  an  old,  sleepy,  narrow-streeted  mediaeval  town,  with 

balconied  houses, 
inner  courts,  and 
tesselated  floors, 
had  broken  loose 
from  its  moorings 
in  Spain,  and, 
floating  across  the 
ocean  intact,  had 
stranded  on  a 
beach  of  the  New 
World,  that  town 
would  have  been 
St.  Augustine.” 
The  great  auth- 
oress made  this 
remark  in  the  old 
St.  Francis  Street,  sleepy  days  of  the 

ancient  city,  when  sitting  on  the  parapet  of  Fort  Marion  with  its  Span- 
ish coat  of  arms,  and  its  three-hundred-}'ear-old  inscription  above  the 
massive  port-cullis,  when  St.  Augustine  had  but  two  thousand  inhabi- 
tants. To-day  she  boasts  of  upwards  of  ten  thousand  people,  with 
from  forty  to  fifty  thousand  winter  visitors,  and  palatial  hotels,  unex- 
celled in  this  country  or  in  Europe,  the  most  notable  of  which  are  the 
Ponce  de  Leon,  Cordova,  Alcazar,  San  IMarco,  Magnolia,  and  the 
Florida  Houses.  The  first  of  these,  the  Ponce  de  Leon,  which  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle  pronounced  the  most  magnificent  building  in 
the  world,  covers  nearly  six  acres  of  land,  and  has  375  rooms,  with  a 
grand  dining  hall  that  will  seat  800  persons.  The  hotel  is  built  around 
three  sides  of  a courtyard  150  feet  square,  with  an  elaborate  fountain 
in  the  centre,  which  is  self-supplied  from  the  famous  artesian  well. 


Children  on  the  St,  Augustine  Beach  in  February. 


r 


Iff  ' 


lo 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  material  of  its  construction  is  coquina,  the  strange  shell  conglom- 
eration quarried  on  Anastasia  Island,  from  which  the  old  fort  was  built 

centuries  ago,  and 
mixed  with  Port- 
land cement, — not 
put  up  in  blocks, 
but  cast  in  cement, 
so  tliat  the  whole 
structure  is  without 
Iseam.  The  towers 
are  150  feet  high, 
B with  terra-cotta  bal- 
conies and  Spanish 

The  Monster  Alligator  at  the  Museum.  turrets. 

The  entrance  to  the  hotel,  a broad  Spanish  arch,  is  worthy  of  a king's 
palace.  Passing  through  this,  we  enter  the  rotunda,  which  extends  to 

its  carved  oaken  col- 
pavements,  and  ela- 
arches  will  furnish 
of  study.  Thearch- 
Carrere  & Hastings, 
^d  the  style  of  the 
sance,  and  the  selec- 
happy  on  account 
associations  of  the 
considerable  bear- 
of  the  romantic  old 
whom  the  hotel  is 
trance  to  the  din- 
magnificent  arches 
the  main  hall  being 
and  forty-eight  feet 
with  bay  windows 
feet. 

lor,  104x53  feet,  di- 
contains  a carved 


the  roof,  which,  with 
umns,  its  tesselaied 
borately  decorated 
material  for  hours 
h i t e c t s , Messrs, 
of  New  York,  select- 
Spanish  Renais- 
ti  o n was  particularly 
of  the  historical 
old  town,  as  it  has 
ing  upon  the  story 
Spanish  knight  for 
named.  The  en-  5^53 
ing-room  is  through 
of  Verona  marble, 
ninety  feet  square 
from  floor  to  ceiling, 
projecting  t h i r ty  ^ 
The  grand  par- 


vided  by  portieres,  Light  House, 

mantel  that  is  a masterpiece  of  art,  in  which  is  set  a clock  of  transparent 
Mexican  onyx.  But  it  is  impossible  to  give  an  adequate  description  of 


12 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


the  artistic  beauties  of  the  decorations  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon  in  the 
brief  space  allotted. 

Just  across  the  street  is  the  Alcazar,  built  in  the  Moorish  style  of 
architecture,  representing  the  Facade  of  the  Alcazar  in  Seville  in 
Spain,  the  palace  of  the  Moorish  kings,  famous  for  its  architectural 
beauty.  Built  of  the  same  material  as  the  Ponce  de  Leon,  yet  entirely 


The  Alameda,  showing  the  Plaza  and  the  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotel, 
different,  less  ornate  in  decoration,  with  lighter  minerets.  It  stands 
back  from  the  street,  with  a garden  filled  with  plants,  in  the  centre  of 
which  is  a large  fountain.  In  the  Alcazar  is  a fine  dining  hall  and 
rooms  for  guests,  a swimming  pool,  with  Turkish  and  Russian  baths, 
stores,  and  offices. 

Diagonally  opposite  the  Ponce  de  Leon  is  the  Cordova,  also  in  the 
Spanish  style  of  architecture,  and  of  wonderful  beauty  and  magnifi- 


Court  Yard  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotel. 


I 


I 

I 


r 

f 


i 

i 


\ 


u 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


cence,  many  of  its  features  having  been  copied  from  buildings  in  the 
ancient  Spanish  city  from  which  it  takes  its  name. 

The  San  Marco  Hotel  is  beautifully  situated  near  the  City  Gates, 
commanding  a fine  sea  view,  with  a table  not  excelled  in  all  the  South. 

The  Magnolia,  on  St.  George  Street,  is  very  popular,  and  is 
always  well  patronized. 

The  Florida,  also  on  St.  George  Street,  and  nearly  opposite  the 
Magnolia,  is  a good  house. 


Genovar’s  Opera  House, 

The  St.  George,  on  St.  George  Street,  The  Ocean  View,  on 
Bay  Streeet,  are  each  excellent  houses. 

And  there  are  also  many  family  hotels  and  boarding  houses  where 
good  board  can  be  obtained  at  reasonable  rates,  as  Mrs.  Hazeltine's, 
The  Craddock.  The  Cleveland,  The  American,  Mrs.  Frazer’s,  Mrs. 
Foster’s,  The  Greeno,  The  Hernandez.  The  location  of  each,  with  all 
information  of  interest  to  strangers  may  be  obtained  at  the  Fort  Marion 
Store  opposite  Fort  Marion. 

Anastasia  Island. — This  narrow  strip  of  land  extends  along  the 
coast  about  eighteen  miles  and  forms  a natural  breakwater  for  the  city, 
from  which  it  is  separated  by  Matanzas  River.  Its  average  width  is 
about  half  a mile.  Near  the  north  end  of  the  island,  opposite  St. 


The  Spanish  Cathedral  as  it  now  Appears, 


l6  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

Augustine,  stands  the  light  house,  one  of  the  noblest  structures  of  its 
kind  on  the  Atlantic  coast.  It  was  built  in  1873  at  a cost  of  more  than 
$100,000.  Near  by,  on  the  ocean  side,  are  the  ruins  of  the  old  Spanish 
light  house  which  was  erected  towards  the  close  of  the  17th  century, 
and  was  destroyed  by  a storm  on  the  4th  of  June,  1880.  A ferry  boat 
makes  frequent  trips  to  the  island,  connecting  with  the  railway  wliich 
is  fully  described  elsewhere. 

The  Catholic  Cathedral,  which  was  constructed  in  1793,  was 
partly  destroyed  by  fire  in  1887,  has  since  been  restored,  the  front  re- 


^ The  Catholic  Cathedral  as  it  appeared  before  the  Fire, 

taining  much  of  its  original  appearance  exxepting  the  addition  of  a fine 
tower.  Great  changes  have  been  made  in  the  other  church  edifices  of 
St.  Augustine.  Grace  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  at  the  corner  of 
Cordora  and  Carrera  Streets,  and  the  Presbyterian  Church,  on  Valencia 
Street,  were  both  built  of  the  same  material  as  the  Ponce  de  Leon 
Hotel,  and  were  both  erected  and  presented  to  the  several  societies  by 
Mr.  H.  M.  Flagler. 

Coquina.  This  strange  shell  conglomeration  of  wdiich  the  old 
Fort  and  the  City  Gate  W'ere  constnrcted  centuries  ago  is  eagerly  sought 


f . 


i8 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


for  by  visitors  as  souvenirs.  Fine  cabinet  specimens,  properly  labeled, 
are  presented  to  each  visitor  to  the  museum. 


Distant  View  of  the  San  Marro. 

Gates.  The  sign,  “ Museum,”  which 
building,  will  guide  the  visitor  to 
the  place.  The  Museum,  which  has 
a frontage  of  103  feet  on  the  Govern- 
ment reservation,  the  lot  extending 
back  nearly  a hundred  feet  on  Fort 
Street,  contains  ten  apartments 
which  are  full  to  overflowing  with 
strange  and  curious  articles  of  inter- 
est to  the  visitor. 

Orange  Groves. — These  are 
the  pride  of  the  city.  The  orange 
tree  (citrus  aurantium)  with  its 
shining  leaf,  white  blossoms  and 
golden  fruit,  flourishes  finely  here, 
and  is  one  of  the  stable  products  of 
the  place.  One  of  the  best  groves 
in  this  location  is  on  the  Ponce  de 
Leon  hotel  grounds,  and  should  be 
seen  by  every  visitor  to  the  ancient 
city.  In  these  grounds  will  be  found 
a fine  collection  of  rare  semi-tropical 
plants,  shrubs  and  flowers,  that  Mr. 


Old  Spanish  Relics.— 
The  unique  and  historic  col- 
lection of  curiosities,  asso- 
ciated with  the  early  history 
of  St.  Augustine  is  naturally 
visited  by  the  educated  por- 
tion of  the  visitors  to  the 
ancient  city.  The  St.  Augus- 
tine Museum,  where  these 
valuable  relics  are  deposited, 
is  directly  opposite  Fort  Mar- 
ion, one  block  from  the  City 
extends  across  the  roof  of  the 


A Banana  Blossom  in  the  Museum  Gardens. 


Flagler  has  brought  from  Europe,  which  are  greatly  admired  by  visitors. 


Interior  of  the  old  Slave  Market,  St.  Augustine. 


4 


20 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


The  Plaza  de  la  Const! tucion.— This  fine  public  square  open- 
ing on  the  Bay  and  in  the  central  part  of  the  city,  where  people  “most  do- 


Tte  Presbyterian  Parsonage,  St.  George  Street. 


congregate,”  was  in  a pitiable  condition,  being  for  a long  time,  as  the 
Campo  Vaccino  at  Rome,  the  resort  of  cattle,  until  improved  by  the  late 


Mr.  Holmes  Ammidown,  of  New  York.  It  is  now  laid  out  with  well- 
made  walks  and  embellished  with  fountains.  It  is  shaded  by  the  Pride  of 


[Catching  Prutn  Fish  in  the  hCatanz?s  Riyer,  near  St,  Augustine. 


22 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


India,  oak  and  other  noble  trees,  and  flanked  by  the  Spanish  Cathedral, 
Trinity  Episcopal  Church,  the  St.  Augustine  Hotel,  and  other  notable 
structures.  A monument,  in  the  form  of  an  obelisk,  about  twenty  feet 
high,  stands  near  the  centre  of  the  Plaza.  It  was  erected  in  1812-13 
under  the  direction  of  Don  Geronimo  Alvarez,  Alcalde,  to  commemorate 
the  Spanish  Constitution,  and  bears  the  following  inscription  on  a mar- 
ble tablet : — 

I’LAZA  I>B  I,A  COXSTITUCIOX. 

PROMULGA  E.V  KSTA  CIUDAD  DE  SAX  AUGUSTIX  DK.  LA  FLORIDA, 
ORIENTAL  EX  17  DE  OCTOliRE,  DE  1S12, 

SIEXDO  GORERXADOR  EL  BRIGADIER  DOX  SEIMSTIAX  RIXDALAM, 
CABALLERO  PARA  STERNA  AIEMORIA, 

EL  AVUXTAJIIENTO  CONS'ITTUCION A L ERIGIO  ESTE  OBELISCO 
DIRIGIUO  POR 

DOX  FERXANDO  DE  LA  MAZA  ARREDONDO, 

EL  .lOVEX  REGIDOR  DECANO. 

DOX  FRANCISCO  ROBIRA,  I'ROCURADOR  SINDICO. 

.AXO  DE  1813. 


The  Old  Market. 

It  may  be  thus  translated : Plaza  of  the  Constitution.  Proclaimed 

in  this  city  of  St.  Augustine,  East  Florida,  on  the  17th  of  October, 
1812,  Brigadier  Don  Sebastian  Kindalem,  Knight  of  the  Order  of  San 
Diego,  being  then  Governor.  For  eternal  remembrance,  the  Constitu- 
tional City  Council  erected  this  obelisk,  under  the  supervision  of  Don 
Fernando  de  la  Maza  Arredondo,  the  young  municipal  officer,  oldest 
member  of  the  Corporation,  and  Don  Francisco  Robira,  Attorney  and 
Recorder.”  On  the  downfall  of  the  Spanish  Liberal  Constitution,  orders 
were  given  that  this  monument  should  be  demolished,  and  the  people 
removed  the  marble  slabs  containing  the  inscription.  But  as  the  obelisk 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


was  allowed  to  remain,  the  tablets  were  in  i8i8  restored  to  their  places. 
Strangely  enough  for  a Catholic  city,  as  St.  Augustine  was  when  this 
monument  was  erected,  the  Masonic  emblems  of  the  square  and  com- 
pass are  cut  in  the  tablet  immediately  under  the  date.  In  his  history  of  the 
city,  Mr.  Dewhurst  thus  accounts  for  it : “Soon  after  the  close  of  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion,  the  ‘young  bloods’  amused  themselves  by  endeavoring 
to  create  an  alarm  in  the  mind  of  the  United  States  Commandant,  and 
by  executing  a series  of  cabalistic  marks  at  different  localities  throughout 
the  town,  to  convey  the  impression  that  a secret  society  was  in  existence 
and  about  to  do  some  act  contrary  to  the  peace  and  dignity  of  the 
United  States.  Resides  other  marks  and  notices  posted  upon  private 


St.  George  Street,  Showing  the  Bishop's  Mansion. 


and  public  buildings  about  the  town,  this  square  and  compass  was  one 
night  cut  upon  the  Spanish  monument,  where  it  will  remain  as  long  as 
the  tablet  exists,  an  anomaly  without  this  e.xplanation.” 

The  Confederate  Monument,  erected  by  the  Ladies’  Memorial  Society 
in  1880.  in  memory  of  the  St.  Augustine  soldiers  lost  in  the  late  war, 
stands  opposite  the  Spanish  monument,  and  in  addition  to  the  names  of 
the  soldiers,  bears  the  following  inscriptions:  “Our  dead.  Erected 

by  the  Ladies’  Memorial  Association,  of  St.  Augustine,  Florida,  A.  D. 
1872.*  In  Memoriam.  Our  loved  ones  who  gave  their  lives  in  the 
service  of  the  Confederate  States.”  These  inscriptions  are  on  the  east 
and  west  sides  of  the  monument.  On  the  south  side  are  the  lines: 
“They  died  far  from  the  home  that  gave  them  birth  and  on  the  side 

* A broken  shaft  was  raised  this  ye.ar  on  St.  George  Street  to  the  memory  of  the 
fallen  soldiers. 


Banana  Plants  in  the  Museum  Garden,  St.  Augustine. 


26 


HKAI.TH  KESOUTS  OE  THE  SOUTH. 


fating  north  : “They  have  crossed 

the  river  and  rest  under  the  shade 
of  the  trees.’’  These  two  monuments 
are  unique  in  style  and  give  peculiar, 
interest  to  this  fine  old  Plaza. 
Another  object  that  attracts  the  at- 
tention of  the  visitor  is  a curious  old 
bruised  and  battered  building,  sus- 
tained by  huge  square  pillars,  and 
surmounted  by  a cupola  and  bell, 
and  bearing  the  name  of  the  Old 
Market.  It  stands  on  the  Plaza, 
east  of  the  last-named  monument, 
and  is  of  a style  of  architecture, 
which  the  books  have  not  laid  down. 
I5y  whom  or  when,  or  for  what  pur- 
pose it  was  built,  will  probably  be 
never  known.  There  is  an  Artesian 
well  in  the  central  part  of  the  Plaza, 
afiTording  a supply  of  mineral  water 
whose  virtues  have  e.xcellent  reme- 
dial qualities. 

The  Sea  Wall. — Thisstructure 
i.s  built  of  coquina  and  capped  with 
granite,  and  e.\tends  from  Fort 
Marion  along  the  Bay,  in  front  of 
the  city,  for  about  one  mile.  It  was 
built  by  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment, 1S37-43,  at  an  expense  of 
about  one  hundred  thousand  dollars. 
The  design  of  it  is  to  protect  the 
city  from  the  encroachment  of  the 
sea.  It  rises  about  ten  feet  above 
low  water  mark,  and  the  coping  is 
just  wide  enough  for  two  persons  to 
walk  abreast.  It  hence  forms  a 
favorite  promenade  for  lovers  in  the 
gloaming.  The  listening  stars  above- 
and  whispering  waves  below,  alone- 


During  Spanish  Administration. 


28 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


can  tell  what  tender  sentiments  have  been  expressed,  what  love-troth.s 
plighted,  on  this  long  line  of  rock  that  separates  the  city  from  the  deep. 
The  ruins  of  an  old  sea  wall,  extending  from  the  Fort  to  a point  op- 
posite to  the  Plaza,  are  still  visible.  It  was  begun  in  1690  by  Governor 
Diego  de  Ouiroza  y dosada. 

Fort  Marion. — Anciently  San  Juan  de  Pinos,  and  San  Marco,  this 
celebrated  structure  stands  at  the  north-eastern  extremity,  covers  about 
four  acres  of  ground,  and  commands  the  city,  the  harbor,  and  its  entrance 
from  the  sea.  It  is  built  of 
coquina  and  its  walls  are  21 
feet  in  height  and  12  feet  in 
thickness.  It  has  four  bastions 
and  is  constructed  in  accord- 
ance with  the  plans  of  the 
famous  French  engineer  Mar- 
achal  de  Vauban.  In  all 
respects  it  is  a military  castle, 
and  so  in  former  times  was 
designated.  It  has  27  case- 
mates, 35  feet  long  and  18 
feet  wide,  and  its  complement 
is  100  guns  and  i, 000  men, 
though  it  has  room  for  many 
more.  It  is  surrounded  by  a 
moat,  and  its  main  entrance 
was  by  a draw-bridge,  but  for 
this  a movable  bridge  has 
been  substituted.  A block  of 
over  :.se  doer  exlnbiis 
;n  alto  ■~irisz-o  tiie  Soanisit 
coat  of  arms  with  a glo-'iS  and 
and  cross  above,  and  a Maltese  cross  and  iamb  below,  together  with 
this  inscription ; — 

REYNANDO  EN  ESPANA  EL  SER--  DOX  FERNANDO 
SEXTO  Y SIENDO  GOV<"-  Y CAP ■'  DE  ES C -1  S ""  AUG 
DE  LA  FLORIDA  Y SUS  PROV  EL  MARESCAL  DE 
CARNPO  D"  ALONZO  FERN<J°  HERED.Y  ASI  CONCLUIO 
ESTE  GASTELLO  EL  AN  OD  1756  DIRIENDO  LAS  OBRAS 
EL  CAP  INGN^o-^  DN  PEDRO  DE  BROZ.AS  Y G.A.RAY. 


The  Alcazar,  St.  Augustine. 


30 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Which  being  translated  is  : “Don  Ferdinand  the  Sixth,  being  King 

of  Spain,  and  the  Field  Marshal  Don  Alonzo  Fernando  Flereda,  being 
Governor  and  Captain-General  of  this  place,  St.  Augustine,  of  Florida, 
and  its  province.  This  fort  was  finished  in  the  year  1756.  The  works 
were  directed  by  the  Captain-Engineer  Don  Pedro  de  Brazos  y Garay.” 
On  his  arrival  at  St.  Augustine  in  1565,  Menendez  constructed  a 
wooden  fort,  probably  on  or  near  the  site  of  Fort  Marion,  and  is  sup- 
posed to  have  named  it  “San  Juan  de  Pinos.”  Sir  Francis  Drake,  in 
15S6,  found  the  fort  deserted.  It  was  built  of  wood,  octagonal  in  form, 
and  had  fourteen  brass  cannon.  In  1665  the  fort  had  a garrison  of  200 
men.  The  present  fort  was  probably  commenced  in  1690.  at  which 


The  Interior  of  Fort  Marion. 


-period  the  foundations  of  the  old  sea  wall  were  laid.  In  1740,  the  fort, 
then  called  San  Marco,  had  50  guns,  casemates,  and  four  bastions,  on 
which  were  the  names  of  St.  Peter,  St.  James,  St.  John  and  St.  Paul. 
With  the  exception  of  the  marks  of  time  and  the  water  battery,  which 
serves  as  a pleasant  promenade,  the  fort  remains  substantially  as  when 
completed  in  1756.  The  name  San  Marco  gave  place  to  that  of  Fort 
Marion  on  the  cession  of  Florida,  in  1S21,  to  theUnited  States.  Several 
Spanish  guns,  one  of  which  bears  the  date  of  1735.  then  came  into  our 
possession.  The  labor  of  constructing  this  ancient,  solid  and  picturesque 
fortress,  was  in  part  performed  by  the  Appalachian  Indians  and  conGcts 
from  Me.xico.  It  was  for  a long  time  considered  the  strongest  military 


The  Magnolia  Hotel,  St,  George  St.,  St.  Augustine, 


32 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


castle  in  America.  It  certainly  has  never  been  captured.  Dr.  William 
Stork  said  in  1769,  that  “it  might  justly  be  deemed  the  prettiest  fort  in 
the  king’s  dominions.”  A writer  said  of  it  in  1817  : “The  garrison  is 
composed  of  a detachment  from  the  Royal  Regiment  of  Cuba,  with  some 
black  troops,  who  together  form  a respectable  force.  * * * "phis 

marine  substance  (coquina  of  which  the  fort  is  constructed),  is  superior 
to  stone,  not  being  liable  to  splinter  from  the  effects  of  bombardment ; 
it  receives  and  imbeds  the  shot,  which  adds  rather  than  detracts  from  its 
strength  and  security.”  “We  saw  where  it  had  been  struck  with  cannon 

balls,”  wrote  W.  C.  Bryant, 
the  poet,  in  1843,  “which  in- 
stead of  splitting  the  rock, 
became  imbedded  and  clogged 
among  the  loosened  fragments 
of  shell.”  The  marks  of  can- 
non shot  of  Gen.  Oglethorpe 
are  still  visible.  The  parade 
ground  at  the  fort  is  about 
roo  feet  square,  and  one  of 
the  casemates  has  an  altai 
and  two  niches,  which  are  sup- 
posed to  have  contained  ves- 
sels of  holy  water.  This  bomb 
proof  was  evidently  once  used 
as  a chapel.  There  is  a plat- 
form in  another  casemate 
raised  about  five  feet,  on 
which,  it  is  said,  the  judge 
took  his  seat  when  a court- 
martial  happened  to  be  held 
for  the  trial  of  some  delin- 
quent. A gloomy  dungeon,  twenty  teet  long  and  si.x:  feet  wide,  under 
the  northeast  bastion,  received  those  sentenced  by  the  stern  tribunal. 
Many  stories  are  told  of  dreadful  tragedies  which  the  dark  walls  of  the 
subterranean  vaults  of  this  old  time-worn  fort  have  witnessed.  One  of 
them  is  that  on  the  falling  in  of  the  terre-plein  of  a casemate,  about  fifty 
years  ago,  and  the  clearing  up  of  the  ruins  a dismal  dungeon  was  revealed, 
which  contained  two  iron  cages,  somewhat  in  the  shape  of  a coffin,  and 
holding  human  bones. 


The  Dungeon  in  Fort  Marion. 


The  Gateway  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotel. 


34 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


Indians  at  the  Fort. — In  case  of  assault  by  the  Indians,  or 
ather  enemies,  the  inhabitants  betook  themselves  to  the  fort  for  safety. 


An  Orange  Archway  on  the  Grounds  of  the  Ponce  de  Leon  Hotel. 


Stairway  of  Fort  Marlon. 

The  fort  also  served  as  a prison  for  Indian  captives.  Among  the  more 
noted  of  these  was  the  daring  Seminole  chieftain,  Con-con-che,  or  “Wild 


The  St.  Augustine  Museum  of  the  Wonders  of  Florida,  opposite  Fort  Marion. 


36 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Cat.”  In  the  first  Seminole  war  he  was  taken  captive  and  kept  in  tlie 
southwest  casemate  of  the  fort,  which  has  a platform  five  feet  high  and 
over  it  an  embrasure,  about  two  feet  high  and  only  nine  inches  wide. 
Through  this  narrow  aperture  the  wily  Indian  pressed  his  body,  attenu- 
ated by  abstinence,  let  himself  down  into  the  moat,  then  drv,  escaped 
the  guards  and  rejoined  his  people.  He  was  afterwards  recaptured, 
and  was  used  by  Gen.  James  Worth  for  the  surrender  of  his  tribe.  He 
was  ordered  by  the  General  to  deliver  by  messengers,  twenty  twigs,  one 
for  each  day,  to  his  people  ; the  last  twig  was  to  be  broken,  showing  them 
that  unless  they  reported  themselves  at  the  General's  headquarters 
within  twenty  days,  they  were  to  be  exterminated.  Three  days  Irefore 
the  expiration  of  the  allotted  time  they  were  all  in  Gen.  Worth's  camp. 


The  United  States  Barracks. 

and  prepared  for  their  departure  to  the  west.  From  iday,  1S75,  to  May, 
1S78,  some  w'ild  Indians  of  the  Cheyenne,  and  other  western  ti  ibes.  were 
held  as  prisoners  in  the  fort,  and  while  here  some  of  them  were  taught 
to  read  and  write.  The  older  ones,  among  whom  was  the  noted  “Medi- 
cine Water,”  were  sent  to  Fort  Sill,  Indian  Territory,  and  the  younger 
ones  to  Hampton  Normal  Institute,  at  Hampton,  Virginia. 

St.  Francis  Convent,  now  the  U.  S.  Barracks. — The 
walls  of  this  famous  building  are  perhaps  the  most  ancient  of  any  in  the 
country.  It  stands  at  the  southern  extremity  of  the  city,  and  is  at  pres- 
ent used  as  barracks  for  the  U.  S.  troops.  Prior  to  the  assault  of  Sii 
Francis  Drake  on  the  city,  in  1586,  the  Franciscans  had  established 
here  a convent,  hence  the  walls  of  this  structure  may  be  now  ihre« 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


37- 


centuries  old.  But  great  changes  have  been  made  in  the  appearance  of 
the  building  by  our  government.  In  olden  times  it  was  surmounted  b}-  a 
circular  tower  which  overlooked  the  city,  bay  and  island.  De  Brahm, 
writing  at  the  time  the  city  was  occupied  by  the  English,  says  : “The 

convent  church  and  convent  is  in  the  body  of  the  barracks,  i.  e.  the  bar- 
racks were  built  around  them.”  An  English  writer  in  1817  says  : “At 

the  southern  extremity  of  the  town  stands  a large  building,  formerly  a 
monastery  of  Carthusian  friars,  but  now  occupied  as  a barrack  for  the 
troops  of  the  garrison.”  He  also  adds  that  a Franciscan  friar  was  the 
chaplain  to  the  garrison.  The  building,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  engrav- 
ing, is  symmetrical  in  form,  with  a long  balcony  and  pillars  in  front. 

The  City  Gates. — 
Two  picturesque  square 
pillars  of  coquina,  sur- 
mounted with  Moorish 
capitals,  and  bearing  the 
marks  of  great  antiquity, 
stand  at  the  head  of  St. 
George  Street,  west  of 
Fort  Marion.  A dry  ditch 
and  the  ruins  of  an  ancient 
wall  extend  to  some  dis- 
tance from  both  of  these 
quaint  pillars,  and  some 
suppose  that  they  once  de- 
fended in  its  whole  extent 
the  land  side  of  the  city. 
But  this  is  mere  conjec- 
ture. When  or  by  whom 
A Side  View  of  the  City  Gates.  these  curious  pillars  and 

diese  old  walls  were  erected  we  have  no  means  of  ascertaining ; thougli 
probably  the  work  was  done  at  the  time  of  the  building  of  the  first  sea 
wall,  which  extended  from  the  fort  as  far  as  the  public  square.  The 
ditch,  still  visible,  extended  from  the  fort  to  St.  Sebastian  River,  where 
it  terminated  with  a bastion.  The  defence  along  the  ditch  consisted,  it 
is  probable,  of  a stockade  built  of  logs,  but  no  trace  of  it  remains.  The 
pillars  of  the  city  gate  remind  one  of  the  entrance  to  some  of  the  south- 
ern cities  of  Spain,  and  were  doubtless  planned  and  raised  by  engineers 
from  that  countr\-. 


38 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Antiquities. — Rare  old  books  bound  in  parchment,  from  three  to 
four  hundred  years  old  will  be  found  at  the  Fort  Marion  store.  A New 
York  daily  states  that  a gentle- 
man refused  $500  for  an  old  book 
that  he  bought  for  a small  sum  at 
this’  store,  it  proving  to  be  of 
great  value.  There  are  also 
rare  old  jewels,  ancient  arms, 
plate,  autographs,  and  charts, 
that  are  of  great  value  to  the 
collector.  Senator  Stanford 
found  many  valuable  curios  at 
this  quaint  old  curiosity  shop  tor 
the  cabinet  of  the  University  ot 


Duck  Shooting  near  St.  Augustine. 

California.  There  will  also  be  found  many 
old  Confederate  relics,  bills  of  sale  or  deeds 
of  negro  slaves,  and  unique  curiosities  to 
be  found  no  where  else  that  would  doubt- 
less prove  of  great  value  to  colleges  and 
museums. 

The  Military  Burial  Place,  situated 
a little  south  of  the  United  States  Barracks, 
contains  three  coquina  pyramids,  covered 
with  stucco,  set  up  in  memory  of  Major 
Francis  L.  Dade  and  his  107  soldiers,  who- 
were  massacred  December  28,  1835,  while 
on  their  way  from  Fort  Brooke,  at  Tampa, 
to  join  General  Duncan  L.  Clinch,  on  the 
Withlacoochee  River.  The  massacre  took  place  near  Fort  King.,  Tlie 
Seminoles,  amounting  to  about  800,  of  whom  about  100  were  mounted, 
awaited  in  ambush  Alajor  Dade’s  force,  and  shot  do-wii  more  than  h.rlt 


The  Date  Pain 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


39 


of  his  men  at  the  first  fire.  The  rest  returned  tiie  fire,  and  used  with 
good  effect  a six-pounder  cannon  until  the  artillery  men  were  killed. 
After  about  one  hour’s  hard  fighting,  the  Indians  withdrew  for  awhile, 
allowing  our  men  time  to  throw  up  a temporary  breast-work  of  trees. 
But  the  Indians  soon  renewed  the  attack,  and,  settingup  the  war  whoop, 
fiought  so  desperately  hand  to  hand  that  in  a short  time  Major  Dade 
and  all  his  men  but  three  were  either  killed  or  wounded.  Scal^fing 
their  victims,  the  Seminoles  held  a war  dance  over  their  remains,  and 
left  them  as  they  fell  in  the  conflict.  They  were  subsequently  buried  oa 
the  spot,  and  the  cannon  was  set  upright  as  a memorial.  At  a later 
date  the  relics  of  these  ill-fated  men  were  all  exhumed  and  carefully 


Monuments  to  Major  Dade  and  his  Soldiers, 


removed  to  this  quiet  military  burying-ground,  where  they  sleep  peace- 
fully beneath  the  flag  of  the  nation. 

St  Joseph’s  Convent. — This  is  a substantial  three-story  building 
with  a handsome  portico,  on  St.  George  Street,  south  of  the  public 
square.  It  is  constructed  of  coquina,  and  occupied  by  the  Sisters  of  St- 
Joseph,  whose  flne  specimens  of  needle-work  are  much  admired.  Visit- 
ors are  cordially  received  at  the  Convent.  We  give  a good  illustration 
of  the  building. 

The  Oldest  House. — It  is  no  easy  matter  to  determine  which  it 
is.  Some  say  that  the  old  wall  on  St.  Francis  street,  over  which  inclines 
the  notable  date  palm  tree  (of  which  we  give  a picture),  is  believ'ed  to 
be  the  most  ancient  structure  in  the  city.  “We  have  heard  it  remarked 


40 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


by  one  of  our  old  Spanish  Dons,  seventy-eight  years  ago,"  says  Mr. 
Bloomfield,  ‘-that  he  remembers  both  wall  and  tree  stood  there  when 
he  was  a child."  Brinton,  1869,  considered  the  house  on  the  corner  of 
Bay  Street  and  Green  Lane,  once  the  residence  of  the  English  Attorney- 
General,  the  oldest  habitation.  Mr.  Fairbanks  agrees  with  him.  It 
was  once  a handsome  house,  but  much  of  its  wood  has  been  cut  up  for 
walking-canes.  We  present  a view  of  the  solid  coquina  corridor  of  an 
old  Spanish  domicU  on  Hospital  Street,  now  used  for  storage.  The 
walls  of  the  U.  S.  Barracks  are  very  ancient,  and  the  old  sea  wall,  traces 
of  which  remain,  carry  us  back  in  imagination  to  the  times  of  Charles 
the  Second. 

The  Governor’s  House. — This  old  building  on  the  Plaza,  at  the 
corner  of  St.  George  and  King  streets,  and  now  used  for  the  Post 


The  Corridor  of  an  Ancient  House. 

Office  and  business  offices,  was  formerly  one  of  much  pretension,  and  is 
associated  with  many  noted  persons  and  events  of  tlie  ancient  times. 
Dr.  Stork  thus  speaks  of  it  in  1769 : “The  apartments  are  spacious  and 
suited  to  the  climate,  with  high  windows,  a balcony  in  front,  and  gal- 
leries on  both  sides.  To  the  back  part  of  the  house  is  joined  a tower, 
called  in  America  a look-out,  from  which  there  is  an  extensive  prospect 
towards  the  sea,  as  well  as  inland."  A writer  visiting  St.  Augustine  in 
1817,  speaks  of  this  house  as  “in  a state  of  dilapidation  and  decay  from 
age  and  inattention.”  It  was  formerly  surrounded  b}'  a heavy  coquina 
wall,  having  at  the  corners  pillars,  one  of  which  is  standing. 


HEALTH  RESORT'S  OF  THE  SOUTH 


41 


The  Shell  Road. — This  shell  highway,  leading  from  the  City 
•Gates  north  to  Jacksonville,  was  built  by  subscription  in  1765  and 
was  for  a long  period  known  as  King’s  Road.  It  leads  by  the  old 
Huguenot  cemetery,  the  San  Marco  hotel,  the  Genovar  Grove,  Hil- 
dreth’s plantation,  and  the  Magnolia  Grove,  noted  for  its  grand  avenue 
•of  live  oaks  which  are  profusely  draped  with  Spanish  moss.  Another 
jTleasant  drive  is  over  the  Alameda,  crossing  the  St.  Sebastian  bridge, 
■passing  the  Century  oak  to  Moultrie,  si.x  miles  distant. 


A Picturesque  Cabin. 


"Water  Supply. — The  artesian  wells  furnish  water  in  abundance. 

Excursions  on  the  River  are  frequently  made  to  Matanzas,  eighteen 
miles  distant,  and  to  other  fishing  grounds  nearer  the  city.  Yachts 
.and  row  boats  are  rented  for  trifling  sums. 

Historical— Ponce  de  Leon.— St.  Augustine  has  the  honor  of 
being  the  first  city  in  America  settled  by  Europeans.  The  date  of  its 
■settlement  is  prior  to  that  of  Jamestown,  Va.,  by  forty-three  years,  and 


42 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


t)f  Plymouth,  Mass.,  by  fifty-five  years.  Searching  for  the  “Fountain  of 
Youth,”  whose  virtues  were  credulously  believed  to  renew  the  vigor  of 
the  aged,  Juan  Ponce  de  Leon  landed  on  the  coast  a little  to  the  north 
of  St.  Augustine  in  the  spring  of  1512,  and  as  it  happened  to  be  on 
Palm  Sunday  (Pasqua  Florida) , he  named  the  country  Florida.  Revis- 
iting the  peninsula  again  in  1521,  he  was  mortally  wounded  in  a contest 
with  the  aborigines. 

The  Huguenots  and  Menendez. — L'nder  the  direction  of  the 
celebrated  Admiral  Jasper  Coligny,  Jean  Ribault,  (1520-1565)  with  twO’ 
vessels  and  a colony  of  Huguenots,  arrived  on  the  coast  near  St.  Au- 
gustine in  1652,  landed  near  the  mouth 
of  St.  John’s  River,  and  then  proceed- 
ing northwards,  built  Fort  Charles  for 
the  protection  of  his  colony  at  Port 
Royal,  left  twenty-five  men  as  a garri- 
son, and  returned  to  France.  Reduced 
almost  to  starvation,  this  colony  con- 
structed a rude  bark  and  set  sail  for 
Europe.  After  great  suffering  at  sea 
they  were  discovered  by  an  English 
ship  and  taken  into  port.  In  the  pros- 
ecution of  his  design,  Coligny  sent 
Reme  Goulaine  de  Laudonni6re,  with 
three  vessels,  to  America.  He  arrived 
at  St.  Augustine  in  the  spring  of  1564, 
and  thence  proceeded  to  St.  John’s 
River,  which  he  named  “La  Rivi6re  de 
Mai,”  where  about  two  leagues  from  the 
entrance  he  erected  Fort  Caroline.  The 
colonists  here  were  soon  reduced  to 
great  misery,  and  were  devising  means 
to  return  to  France,  when  Jean  Ribault,  Lock  to  the  Door  of  Fort  Marlon, 
who  left  Dieppe  May  22,  1565,  arrived  with  a fleet  of  seven  vessels  and 
abundant  supplies.  In  the  mean  time  Philip  II,  King  of  Spain, 
despatched  Pedro  Menendez  de  Aviles  (15 19-1574)  to  Florida,  with 
eleven  vessels  and  2600  men,  and  with  orders  to  “behead  and  gibbet  all 
Protestants  in  those  regions.”  About  one-half  of  this  fleet,  the  rest  hav- 
ing suffered  wreck,  arrived  in  the  harbor  of  St.  Augustine,  then  called 
“The  River  of  Dolphins,”  on  the  7th  day  of  September,  1565,  and  the 


HEALTH  RESORTS  Of  THE  SOUTH. 


43 


next  day  Menendez,  with  much  pomp  and  ceremony,  took  possession  of 
the  Indian  village  of  “Selooe,”  which  stood  upon  the  site  now  occupied 
by  this  city.  Eighty  cannon  were  landed  from  the  ships  and  entrench- 
ments for  defence  erected.  The  following  account  of  the  disembarkation 
is  given  by  Francisco  Lopez  de  Mendoza,  chaplain  of  the  fleet:  “On 

Saturday,  the  8th  day  of  September,  the  day  of  the  nativity  of  Our  Lad\-, 
the  General  disembarked,  with  banners  displayed,  trumpets  and  other 
martial  music  resounding,  and  amid  salvos  of  artillery.  Can-ying  a cross 
I proceeded  at  the  head,  chanting  the  hymn  Te  Deiim  I.audamus.  The 
General  marched  straight  up  to  the  cross,  together  with  all  those  who 
accompanied  him,  and  kneeling  they  all  kissed  the  cross.  A great 
number  of  Indians  looked  upon  these 


o-.-er  their  heads  the  inscription,  “ Not  as 

Frenchmen,  but  as  Look-Out  at  Fort  Marion,  Lutherans.” 

L.tudoni^re  and  several  others  made  their  escape  to  a vessel  in  the 
fivci  The  whole  number  of  persons  in  the  fort  was  240.  Changing 
the  H;  me  of  the  fort  to  San  Matheo,  and  leaving  in  it  a garrison  of  300 
soldiers,  Menendez  soon  returned  to  St.  Aug^tstine,  when  a mass  was 
perfcr.'.  ed  in  commemoration  of  his  victory.  In  the  meantime  Ribault, 
in  an  expedition  for  an  attack  on  St.  Augustine,  had  his  four  vessels 
wrecked  in  a storm  and  cast  upon  the  shore  south  of  Matanzas.  The 
leader  and  his  followers,  with  incredible  hardship,  made  their  way  along 
the  coast  to  the  Matanzas  River,  where  about  350,  including  Ribault 
himself, surrendered  themselves  to  the  tender  mercies  (?)  of  Menendez. 
Grossing  o\  er  the  river  in  a skiff  the\'  were  nearly  all  massacred  in  cold 


ceremonies  and  imi- 
done.  Thereupon  the 
sion  of  the  country  in 
Majesty.  All  the  offi- 
of  allegiance  to  him  as 
lantado  (Governor^ 
.After  driv' . the 
coast,  Menendez  (Sept, 
the  wilderness  to  Fort 
arrived  early  on  Friday 
Dy  a sudden  assault 
the  place  and  massa- 
of  the  women  and 
people.  Hanging  seve- 


tated  what  they  saw 
General  took  posses- 
the  name  of  His- 
cers  then  took  an  oath 
tlteir  General  and  Ade- 
the  whole  country.” 
French  fleet  from  the 
2 1 ) marched  through 
Caroline,  at  which  he 
morning,  Sept.  20,  and 
gained  possession  of 
cred,  with  the  exception 
children,  most  of  the 
ral  of  them,  he  placed 


44 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


blood,  ten  by  ten,  with  their  hands  tied  behind  them.  This  i.s  one  of 
lue  most  tragic  scenes  in  history,  and  brands  the  name  of  the  minion  of 
the  bigoted  King  of  Spain  with  infamy.  Well  may  the  inlet  here  be 
called  “The  Bloody  River  of  Matanzas,”  Well  has  Mr.  George  R. 
Fairbanks  said  in  his  excellent  History  and  A)itiquities  of  St.  Augus- 
tine: “At  some  point  on  the  thickly  wooded  shores  of  the  Island  of 

Anastasia,  or  beneath  the  shifting  mounds  of  sand  which  mark  its  shores, 
may  still  lie  the  bones  of  some  of  the  350  who,  spared  from  destruction  by 
Ihe  tempest,  and  escaping  the  perils  of  the  sea  and  of  the  savage,  fell 
victims  to  the  vindictive  rancor  and  blind  rage  of  one  than  whom  history 
recalls  none  more  crael,  or  less  humane.  But  while  their  bones  thus 

scattered  on  earth  and  sea, 
unhonored  and  unburied, 
were  lost  to  human  sight, 
the  tale  of  their  destruction 
and  sad  fate,  scattered  in 
like  manner  over  the  whole 
world,  has  raised  to  their 
memor)-  through  sympathy 
with  their  sad  fate,  a memo- 
rial which  will  endure  a.s 
long  as  the  pages  of  his- 
tory.’' Incensed  at  the 
atrocities  of  Menendez,  the 
Chevalier  Domenique  de 
Gourgues  (1530-1593)  with 
some  other  Huguenots, 
Blossom  of  the  Magnolia,  equipped  a small  fleet  and 

arrived  at  St.  John’s  River  with  about  250  men  in  April,  1568.  The 
fortifications  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  and  Fort  Caroline  were  soon 
taken  and  the  garrisons  put  to  the  sword.  Over  those  hung  he  placed 
the  inscription : “Not  as  to  Spaniards,  nor  as  to  outcasts;  but  as  to 
traitors,  thieves  and  murderers.”  Under  their  chief  Satouriara,  the 
Indians  around  St.  Augustine  committed  many  depredations,  and  during 
the  governorship  of  Menendez  killed  more  than  a hundred  of  its  inhab- 
itants. 

Assault  of  Drake. — The  celebrated  Sir  Francis  Drake  (1537- 
T 5g6)  made  an  attack  on  the  town  in  1586,  one-half  ot  which  he  reduced 
to  ashes.  This  was  done  in  consequence  of  the  killing  ot  one  of  his 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTI-".  4j 

men  by  a Spaniard.  The  inhabitants  fled  to  the  fort  at  San  Matteo  oc 
St.  John’s  River.  Drake  found  the  fort  at  St.  Augustine  deserted.  It 
was  then  built  entirely  of  wood,  and  in  it  were  twelve  brass  cannon  and 
a treasure  chest,  containing  ^2,000  sterling. 

Franciscans. — In  1592  twelve  Franciscan  missionaries  cam.  to 
labor  among  the  people,  one  of  whom,  Francis  Panja,  made  -‘an 
Abridgement  of  Christian  Doctrine”  in  the  Yemasee  language.  Father 
Corpa  had  an  Indian  mission  house  at  Talomato,  in  the  north-west  part 
of  the  city.  He  was  afterwards  murdered  while  at  prayer,  by  one  of  his 
converts  whom  he  had  publicly  rebuked.  Father  Montes,  whose  Indian 
church  was  on  Cano  de  la  Leche,  shared  also  the  same  tragic  fate.  The 
Indians  of  the  south,  as  well  as  of  the  north,  were  generally  more 
friendly  to  the  French  than  to  the  Spanish  or  the  English. 

The  Indians.— A war  broke  out  in  1638  between  the  Spaniards 
and  the  Apalachian  Indians,  and  soon  terminated  in  the  defeat  of  the 
aborigines,  who  were  then  compelled  for  more  than  sixty  years  to  labor 
on  the  fortifications  of  the  city.  The  Yemasees,  whose  chief  village  was 
Macarisqui,  near  the  city,  and  one  of  whose  chiefs  the  Governor  had 
executed,  in  1686  made  an  attack  on  the  people,  drove  them  into  the 
fort,  and  gave  those  they  found  outside  of  it  no  quarter.  They  con- 
tinued long  the  inveterate  enemies  of  the  Spaniards.  In  the  year  1687, 
Don  Juan  de  Aila  introduced  the  first  African  slave  into  the  colony.* 

Gov.  Moore’s  Attack. — On  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  between 
England  and  the  two  kingdoms,  France  and  Spain,  in  1702,  James 
Moore,  Governor  of  South  Carolina,  planned  an  injudicious  expedition 
both  by  land  and  .sea,  against  St.  Augustine.  He  held  the  town  for 
three  months,  the  inhabitants  having  betaken  themselves  to  the  castle. 
He  was  frightened  away,  after  burning  the  town,  by  the  appearance  of 
two  small  ships  in  the  offing,  which  he  took  to  be  tw'o  formidable  Span- 
ish men-of-war.  To  meet  the  expense  of  this  foolish  expedition,  the 
first  paper  money  [bills  of  credit]  was  issued  in  South  Carolina. 

Assault  of  Oglethorpe.— General  James  Edward  Oglethorpe 
[1698-1785],  Governor  of  Georgia,  besieged  the  city  in  the  summer  of 
1740.  The  fort  had  been  put  into  good  condition  and  had  a garrison  of 
more  than  700  soldiers,  with  fifty  pieces  of  artillery.  Oglethorpe  erected 
one  battery  on  Anastasia  Island,  called  Poza,  the  remains  of  which  are 
still  visible,  and  others  not  far  distant,  from  which  he  fired  upon  d.e: 

* Fairbanks,  p.  5S. 


46 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


town  and  fort.  Tire  siege  continued  thirty-eight  days;  but  while  the 
artillery  drove  the  people  from  their  dwellings  into  the  fort,  it  made  but 
little  impression  on  that  solid  rampart,  for  its  walls  received  the  shot 
like  a battery  of  sand,  as  may  still  be  seen  by  the  marks  remaining.  On 
the  25th  of  June  a sortie  was  made  from  the  castle  against  Fort  Moosa, 
about  two  miles  north  of  the  city,  when  a company  of  Highlanders, 
under  Captain  John  McIntosh,  displayed  great  gallantry,  but  were  taken 
prisoners.  Finding  his  guns  inadecjuate  to  the  reduction  of  San  Marco, 


The  Spanish  Bayonet  Tree  in  the  Museum  Gardens. 


then  under  the  command  of  Governor  Manuel  Monteano,  General  Ogle- 
thorpe withdrew  his  forces.  Two  years  later  he  made  another  unsuc- 
cessful demonstration  against  the  fort. 

Cession  of  the  City  to  the  English. — In  1763,  Florida  was 
ceded  to  England  in  exchange  for  Havana,  when  many  of  the  Spanish 
residents  of  St.  Augustine  left  the  city.  In  his  work  published  at  this 
time,  Mr.  Roberts  speaks  of  the  city  as  “ running  along  the  shore  at  the 
foot  of  a pleasant  hill  adorned  with  trees.  Its  form  is  oblong,  divided 
by  four  regular  streets,  crossing  each  other  at  right  angles : down  by 
tire  seaside,  about  three-fourths  of  a mile  south  of  the  town,  standeth 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH.  -17 

•the  church  and  monastery  of  St.  Augustine.  The  best  built  part  of  the 
-town  is  on  the  north  side,  leading  to  the  castle,  which  is  called  St. 
John's  Fort.  It  is  a square  building  of  soft  stone,  fortified  with  whole 
bastions,  having  a rampart  twenty  feet  high,  with  a parapet  nine  feet 
high,  and  it  is  casemated.  The  town  is  fortified  with  bastions  and  with 
cannon.  On  the  north  and  south,  without  the  walls  of  the  city,  are  the 
Indian  towns."  The  English  occupied  St.  Augustine  for  about  twenty 
years,  and  made  many  improvements.  They  constructed  large  barracks 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  city,  built  what  were  called  the  King's  Roads, 
one  leading  to  New  Smyrna,  and  the  other  to  Jacksonville ; bridged  the 
St.  Sebastian  River,  and  added  6o  feet  to  the  height  of  the  light-house 
on  Anastasia  Island. 

The  Minorcans.— During  this  period  a remnant  of  the  colony  of 
Minorcans,  who  had  been  cruelly  used  by  Dr.  Nicholas  Turnbull,  settled 
in  the  northern  part  of  the  city,  and  in  1780  about  sixty  noted  South 
Carolinians,  among  whom  appear  the  names  of  Edward  Rutledge  and 
Arthur  Middleton,  were  sent  here  as  prisoners  cf  war.  On  the  reception 
of  the  news  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  the  patriots  Samuel 
Adams  and  John  Hancock  were  burned  in  effigy  on  the  Plaza. 

Recession  to  Spain. — On  the  reoccupation  of  St.  Augustine  by 
the  Spaniards,  in  1784,  most  of  the  English  families  departed,  and  the 
castle  was  manned  by  Spanish  troops  under  the  command  of  Governor 
Vincente  Manuel  de  Zespedez. 

Change  in  Flags. — In  1821  Florida  became,  by  the  payment  of 
five  million  dollars  to  Spam,  a tenitory  of  the  United  States,  and 
Gen.  Andrew  Jackson  its  first  governor. 

The  Seminoles. — A visit  of  these  Indians  to  the  city  in  1817,  is 
thus  vividly  described  : “About  thirty  of  the  hunting  warriors  of  the 

Seminoles,  with  their  squaws,  had  arrived  for  the  purpose  of  selling  the 
produce  of  the  chase,  consisting  of  bear,  otter,  tiger,  and  other  skins, 
bear's  grease,  and  other  trifling  articles.  This  savage  race,  once  lords 
of  the  ascendant,  are  the  most  formidable  border  enemies  of  the  United 
■States.  * * * After  trafficking  for  their  commodities,  they  were  seen 

at  various  parts  of  the  town,  assembled  in  small  groups,  seated  upon 
their  haunches,  like  monkeys,  passing  round  their  bottles  of  aquedente 
(the  rum  of  Cuba) , their  repeated  draughts  upon  which  soon  exhausted 
their  contents.  They  then  slept  off  the  effects  of  intoxication  under  the 
walls,  exposed  to  the  influence  of  the  sun.  Their  appearance  was 
extremely  wretched ; their  skins  of  a dark,  dirty  chocolate  color,  with 


48 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OE  THE  SOUTH. 


long,  stmight,  black  hair,  over  which  they  had  spread  a quantity  of 
bear’s  grease.  In  their  ears  and  the  cartilages  of  the  nose  were  inserted 
rings  of  silver  and  brass,  with  pendants  of  various  shapes  ; their  features 
were  prominent  and  harsh,  and  their  eyes  had  a wild  and  ferocious 
expression.  A torn  blanket,  or  an  ill-fashioned,  dirty,  linen  jacket,  is 
the  general  costume  of  these  Indians  ; a triangular  piece  of  cloth  passes 
around  the  loins.  The  women  \ ary  in  their  apparel  by  merely  wearing 
short  petticoats,  the  original  color  of  which  was  not  distinguishable  from- 
the  various  incrustations  of  dirt.  Some  of  the  young  squaws  were  toler- 
ably agreeable,  and  if  well  washed  and  dressed  would  not  have  been  unin- 
teresting ; but  the  elder  squaws  wore  an  air  of  misery  and  debasement.” 


Fort  Marion,  Showing  the  Water  Battery  and  Hot  Shot  Furnace. 


Curiosity  Stores. — There  are  several  in  St.  Augustine,  where  the 
natural  productions  of  Florida  can  be  obtained,  but  the  most  popular 
store  is  the  mammoth  establishment  known  as  the  Fort  Marion  Store, 
in  the  Museum  Building,  opposite  Fort  Marion,  where  everything  in  the 
curiosity  line  can  be  obtained.  Having  collectors  in  the  southern  por- 
tion of  the  State  and  in  the  Bahama  Islands,  the  proprietor  is  able  to 
offer  the  most  valuable  tropical  curiosities  at  reasonable  prices.  The 
Fort  Marion  Store  is  a favorite  resting  place  for  ladies,  while  taking 
their  morning  walk.  Easy  chairs  are  provided,  and  on  chilly  mornings 
(for  there  are  chilly  mornings  in  Florida)  a fire  will  be  found  burning, 
and  the  many  novelties  presented  to  view  make  this  a very  popular 
Tesort. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


49 


The  Museum,  which  is  a favorite  resort  for  tourists,  occupies 
extensive  grounds  opposite  the  fort.  The  museum  building  contains 
ten  rooms,  which  are  completely  filled  with  rare  and  curious  things  of 
interest  to  the  visitor.  Some  idea  of  the  value  of  this  collection  may 
be  inferred  from  the  following  communications  from  reliable  sources ; 

Hon.  John  G.  Long,  ex-mayor  of  St.  Augustine,  and  one  of  the 
prominent  citizens  of  the  ancient  city,  says:  “We  regard  the  St. 
Augustine  Museum  as  the  most  valuable  acquisition  to  the  attractions 
of  the  place.  Weeks  might  be  profitably  spent  in  the  examination  and 
study  of  the  extensive  collections  of  rare  and  valuable  historical  relics, 
confined  not  only  to  the  discovery  and  early  settlement  of  this  section, 
but  of  natural  scope  and  interest.” 

The  Tourist’s  Registry,  where  visitors  record  their  opinions  of  St. 
Augustine,  is  at  the  Museum,  and  it  is  as  good  as  a play  to  read  the 


The  Old  Piano  at  the  Museum,  Said  to  be  the  oldest  in  America, 


entries,  — some  poetical,  some  very  witty,  all  interesting.  Many 
famous  names  are  recorded  there. 

The  Tropical  Paradise  of  Jacksonville  says  : “At  the  Museum  there 
is  an  almost  endless  collection  of  historic  relics  connected'with  the  early 

history  of  St.  Augustine,  and  visitors  should  not  fail  to  view  it 

Visitors  are  enthusiastic,  and  no  one  should  fail  to  examine  the  rare 
collection  of  old  Spanish  relics  as  well  as  the  relics  of  slavery,  the 
wonderful  whale  exhibit,  and  multitudes  of  strange  curios  to  be  seen 
nowhere  else.” 

Hon.  M.  R.  Cooper,  Judge  of  Probate,  thus  describes  his  visit  to 
the  Museum  in  an  article  in  the  St.  Johns  Weekly  : “ Our  visit  was  so 
pleasant,  and  the  subject  proved  so  interesting,  that  we  give  it  more 
than  a passing  notice. 


50 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  old  local  relics,  such  as  the  flint-lock  musket,  found  in  the  Oun- 
geon  of  Fort  Marion  ; the  old  battle-axe,  found  at  Moultrie  ; the  human 
bones,  found  in  excavating  north  of  the  Fort;  the  old  implements  of 
war  used  by  the  Spanish,  and  many  other  antiquities  connected  with 
the  early  history  of  St.  Augustine,  will  be  of  peculiar  interest  to  tourists 
and  visitors. 

The  birds  of  Florida  occupy  over  fifty  cases,  and  are  of  pleasing 
plumage  and  great  variety.  The  collection  of  birds’  eggs,  from  the  tiny 
humming  bird  to  the  monstrous  ostrich,  numbers  several  thousands,  of 
all  colors  and  sizes. 

The  collection  of  old  books,  autographs,  papers  and  deeds,  are  of 
inestimable  value,  and  will 
be  eagerly  examined  by  the 
antiquarian. 

There  are  many  foreign 
curiosities  which  are  worthy 
of  note.  One  room  con- 
tains a life-size  soldier  in 
armor,  from  Japan  ; a Hin- 
doo Priest  from  India,  life- 
size,  and  numerous  figures, 
idols,  and  curious  things 
from  Japan,  China  and 
India.  From  the  Holy 
Land  is  a lamp  3,000  years 
old  ; carved  rocks  from  the 
garden  of  G e t h s e m e n e , 
besides  other  relics  from 
that  sacred  spot  which  will  interest  any  and  every  one.  The  potter}' 
made  by  the  Indians,  their  war  shields,  bow-arrows,  stone  implements, 
remains  from  the  mounds,  teeth  and  silver  necklaces,  blankets,  clothing, 
and  various  other  things  made  by  them,  would  alone  be  of  sufficient 
attraction  to  induce  a visit  to  the  Museum. 

But  to  us  the  most  interesting  feature  of  the  whole  exhibit  is  the  jaws 
of  a large  sperm  whale,  containing  most  of  the  teeth.  These  jaws  are 
of  immense  proportions,  having  been  taken  from  a whale  which  yielded 
one  hundred  and  fifty  barrels  of  oil. 

i here  is  a whale  ship  with  aU  of  tlie  equipage  and  implements  used 


The  Ocean  View  House. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


51 


on  a voyage,  which  comprises  the  various  kinds  of  Iiarpoons  and  lances 
used  during  the  past  half  century,  and  the  bomb  lance,  which  has 
superseded  the  old  style  lance.  There  can  be  seen  the  fragments  of  a 
bomb  that  killed  a whale,  and  was  afterwards  extracted  and  presented 
to  the  Museum  by  Hon.  Samuel  Osborn,  the  famous  whaler  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

The  alligator  room  will  be  appreciated  by  our  visitors,  for  there  is  an 
immense  female  alligator  with  her  nest,  in  which  the  young  alligators 
are  breaking  through  the  egg,  and,  of  course,  look  very  innocent  and 
cunning. 

The  room  devoted  to  bric-a-brac  will  also  be  appreciated  by  the 


Bjating  on  the  Matanzas  River,  near  St.  Augustine, 

average  Northerner,  for  here  is  an  old  piano  which  we  think  without 
doubt,  judging  from  its  appearance  and  style  of  manufacture,  is  the 
oldest  in  America.  There  is  also  an  antiqnated  loom,  used  in  1812; 
the  flint  and  steel  with  tinder  box,  used  before  the  discovery  of  matches. 

Every  ex-Confederate  soldier  will  be  interested  in  the  collection  of 
relics  of  the  late  war  to  be  found  here ; the  old  cartridge  boxes  and 
knapsacks,  which  have  actually  seen  service,  together  with  muskets, 
swords  and  pistols,  of  Southern  manufacture,  look  exceedingly  familiar, 
and  almost  like  old  friends  to  those  who  wore  the  gray. 

There  is  among  the  varied  stock  of  this  exhibit  soft  morsels  for  the 
old-time  abolitionist  in  the  way  of  slavery  bills  of  sale,  which  will  be 


52 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


greatly  enjoyed,  no  doubt,  as  they  are  real  relics  of  that  which  has 
created  so  much  imaginary  trouble  in  the  minds  of  certain  people.  The 
shell  and  coral  collection  is  wonderful,  over  a hundred  thousand  speci- 
mens, and  are  worthy  of  an  extended  description,  but  our  space  forbids 
at  present.  The  tooth  of  the  Mastodon,  and  the  many  specimens  of 
petrifactions,  fossils,  minerals,  and  precious  stones,  are  of  great  interest. 
Every  visitor  should  see  this  splendid  collection  of  interesting  and 
instructive  relics  ; the  school  children  would  gain  a vast  deal  of  inform- 
ation by  studying  these  specimens.  We  congratulate  St.  Augustine 
upon  the  acquisition  of  this  exhibit  to  its  other  attractions.” 

John  P.  Whitney,  Esq.,  editor  of  the  Si.  Augustine  Press,  says: 
“We  hear  the  most  enthusiastic 
praises  of  the  St.  Augustine 
Museum,  and  visitors  will  not 
fail  to  examine  the  collection  of 
Spanish  relics.  The  mysterious 
bones  found  in  excavating  north 
of  the  Fort,  are,  as  near  as  can 
be  ascertained,  the  very  bones 
that  were  found  in  the  iron  cage 
which  were  buried  north  of  the 
Fort.  It  was  John  Capo,  the 
old  harbor  pilot,  who  removed 
the  rocks  and  found  the  cage  in 
the  inner  dungeon. 

This  is,  without  doubt,  the 
finest  collection  of  curiosities 
ever  seen  in  the  South.  We 
were  particularly  interested  in  The  Spoonbill  at  the  Museum, 

the  collection  of  rare  and  precious  stones,  comprising  agates,  turquoise, 
moonstones,  opals,  gold  and  silver  ore,  pearls,  carbuncles,  aqua-marine, 
emeralds,  malachite,  topaz,  crystals,  and  many  other  rare  gems.  In  the 
collection  of  whaling  implements,  besides  the  mammoth  whale’s  jaws, 
the  teeth,  rough  and  carved,  is  a reel  made  of  whale’s  ivory  and  joinea 
by  rivets  made  of  old  Spanish  dollars. 

The  collection  of  insects  is  particularly  large.  The  Confederate 
relics  attract  great  attention,  as  also  the  relics  of  slavery.  There  is  an 
ancient  halberd,  supposed  to  be  more  than  500  years  old,  a sword  of 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


53 


date  of  1400,  the  old  Major  Moody  chair,  150  years  old,  and  among 
the  rare  old  books  is  one  printed  in  1629,  which  describes  Florida  as 
bounded  on  the  north  by  Virginia,  and  on  the  west  by  Mexico ; a 
schedule  of  mails  of  1695,  and  besides  these  there  are  so  many  other 


The  Pine  Forest  near  St.  Augustine. 


curiosities  that  it  would  require  columns  to  enumerate,  and  occupy 
several  days  to  thoroughly  examine.  It  is  impossible  for  us  to  do  full 
justice  in  our  description  of  this  Museum  ; suffice  it  to  say  that  it  has 
taken  fifteen  years  in  making  the  collection,  a fact  that  proves  that  too 
great  compliment  cannot  be  paid  to  it.” 


The'iNew  PosV, Office  Building,  Greenville,  S.  C. 


“The  Pearl  of  the  Piedmont  ” 

‘ A bright,  cosy  town  of  valleys  ami  hills, 

All  thriving  with  school-houses,  churches  ami  mills, 

Where  green,  drooping  branches  arch  over  the  street,  . 

And  industry  shines  on  the  faces  you  meet. 

Where  houses  are  homes,  where  childliood  is  gay. 

And  Order  and  Honesty  ever  liold  sway.” 

~ocVi)xSV>o- 

MATURE  has  given  to  Greenville  remarkable 
advantages  of  situation.  In  beauty  of  scenery, 
in  pure  and  balmy  atmosphere,  in  thrift  and 
enterprise,  and  as  a health  Resort,  she  stands  preeminent 
among  the  flourishing  towns  of  the  New  South. 

Is  it  strange,  with  her  vast  water  power,  her  health- 
giving mountain  breezes,  her  many  firmly  established  and 
important  industries,  school  privileges  of  unusual  and  acknowledged 
excellence,  churches  of  nearly  every  denomination,  and  direct  railway 
connection  with  leading  business  centers,  is  it  strange  that  she  has 
gathered  to  her  peaceful  domain,  over  ten  thousand  prosperous  people, 
and  organized  numerous  industries,  social  and  educational  institutions 
which  are  now  in  full  and  beneficent  activity  ? 

Greenville  was  first  settled  by  white  men  in  1777,  though  centuries 
before,  the  red  men  made  their  favorite  camping  ground  on  the  banks 
of  the  Reedy  River. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


S6 

The  antiquarian  is  constantly  finding  arrow-heads,  hatchets,  pestles, 
bone  instruments,  and  remnants  of  pottery,  the  rewards  of  careful 
search  on  this  prehistoric  ground. 

The  original  name  of  the  town  was  “ Pleasantville.”  In  1831  the 
village  was  incorporated  and  the  name  changed  to  Greenville,  in  honor 
of  Gen.  Nathaniel  Green,  the  patriot  soldier  of  the  Revolution. 

The  general  surface  of  the  country  at  and  around  the  city  is  that  of 


The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  Buiiding. 


a rolling  plain,  varied  by  stream,  valley  and  rounded  hill  and  low 
ridges,  but  everywhere  open  and  commanding  wide  stretches  of  charm- 
ingly  picturesque  valley  landscapes  ; with  Paris  mountain  and  the  peaks 
of  the  Blue  Ridge  as  a background,  bold  in  relief  and  beautiful  in  out- 
line and  color. 

Greenville’s  Growth. — In  1824  the  population  of  the  town 
was  450,  and  the  growth  was  very  slow  for  thirty  years.  In  1S60  the 
number  of  inhabitants  was  1815  ; in  1870,  2757  ; in  i83o,  6160  ; in 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


57 


1883,  8355,  and  has  rapidly  increased  since  that  date,  the  population 
now  being  upwards  of  10,000. 

Climate  and  Health. — One  of  the  first  considerations  in 
seeking  a home  in  a new  country,  is  its  healthfulness.  We  clip  the 
following  from  the  Augusta  Chronicle,  of  April  nth,  1887  : 

The  record  of  the  temperature  in  Greenville  shows  a remarkable 
uniformity  for  all  seasons  of  the  year.  And  even  when  the  thermome- 
ter is  at  its  lowest  in  winter  or  its  highest  in  summer,  the  dr}'  atmos- 


The  Residence  of  Wm.  Wilkins. 

phere  tempers  the  cold  as  well  as  the  heat,  and  the  climate  is  therefore 
exceedingly  pleasant  all  the  year  round.  I do  not  believe  there  is 
another  city  in  the  country  that  has  so  equable  a temperature  through- 
out the  year,  and  where  the  people  suffer  less  from  heat  or  cold.  By 
close  and  accurate  observation,  during  a number  of  years,  the  average 
highest  temperature  has  been  found  to  be  for  January  40°  to  42°,  and 
for  July  and  August  70°  to  75°.  The  average  annual  temperature 
is  59°.'’ 

The  chief  factors  in  producing  the  extraordinary  healthfulness  for 
which  this  region  has  for  generations  been  celebrated,  are  the  mildness 


58 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


and  general  equability  of  its  winter  climate,  the  preponderance  of 
bright  sunny  days,  which  enable  the  invalid  to  pass  most  of  the  time 
in  the  open  air,  the  absence  of  fogs,  and  the  remarkable  invigorating 
influence  of  the  atmosphere.  Situated  at  an  elevation  of  1145  feet 
above  the  level  of  the  sea,  protected  from  the  cold  north-west  winds 
by  Paris  mountain — a spur  of  the  Blue  Ridge — Greenville  possesses 
climatic  peculiarities  which  approach  more  nearly  the  ideal  of  what  a 


The  Greenville  Conservatory  of  Music. 

climate  for  pulmonary  invalids  should  be  than  any  other  health  re.sort 
in  this  country  or  Europe. 

While  Florida,  Minnesota,  and  the  Mediterranean  Health  Resorts 
offer  flattering  attractions  to  the  invalid  for  a few  months  of  the  year, 
we  here  have  the  best  all  the  year  climate  in  the  world,  as  is  evidenced 
by  the  remarkable  longevity  of  its  inhabitants,  and  the  wonderful  salu- 
brity of  its  climate. 

Speaking  of  the  climate  of  the  “ Piedmont  Region,”  i\Ir.  James  E. 
Calhoun  said: — “Blessed  with  sunshine  and  showers  throughout  the 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


59 


year  ; there  is  just  winter  enough  to  keep  the  insects  in  check,  while 
the  pomegranate  and  fig  do  not  require  to  be  sheltered.  Nowhere  can 
be  found  a larger  percentage  of  the  population  of  seventy  years  and 
upwards.  I am  an  octogenarian,  with  the  fresh  vitality  of  twentv-five.” 
The  weather  during  many  months  partakes  of  that  delightful  interlude 
known  at  the  North  as  the  Indian  Summer.  Invalids  may  prolong  life 
at  this  delightful  spot,  for  the  pure  oxide  contained  in  every  atom  of 
air,  and  snuffed  in  at  every  breath  has  a most  efficacious  effect  upon  the 
system.  Patients  in  the  last  stages  of  consumption  should  not  come 


The  Residence  of  Hamlin  Beattie. 

South,  they  had  much  better  remain  at  home  among  friends,  but  in  the 
early  stages  of  bronchitis,  laryngitis  and  other  diseases  of  the  respira- 
tory organs,  health  and  renewed  vigor  is  almost  certain  by  a continued 
residence  in  this  region — and  the  sufferer  from  catarrh,  and  his  name 
is  legion,  will  here  find  relief — but  while  Greenville  will  receive  the 
invalid  tenderly,  sympathetically, and  cordially,  she  needs  able-bodied, 
clear-headed  business  men,  manufacturers  and  farmers.  To  these  she 
holds  out  both  hands.  This  is  no  place  for  poor  emigrants.  It  is  folly 
to  come  here  without  money  unless  one  has  a good  trade.  Laborers  are 
not  needed,  the  colored  people  supply  that  want.  The  South  Carolina 


■6o 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


negro,  compared  with  his  brother  of  Florida,  is  faithful  and  trustworthy. 
He  is  satisfied  with  reasonable  wages  and  seems  contented  and  happy. 
Skilled  white  labor,  however,  is  always  in  demand,  and  there  are  now 
many  good  openings  for  business  here  •,  for  particulars  of  which  write 
to  the  Greenville  Board  of  Trade.  Houses  are  in  demand  and  at  a 
good  rental.  Labor  is  cheap. 

If  you  have  money  to  loan,  you  will  receive  from  eight  to  ten  per 
cent,  interest,  with  undoubted  security.  The  titles  to  real  estate  are 


The  Residence  of  John  H.  Maxwell,  M.  D. 


generally  good.  We  believe  there  is  no  place  where  a northern  farmer 
with  sufficient  capital  to  buy  his  farm  and  stock  it,  or  to  set  out  a 
vineyard,  can  do  as  well  as  in  this  “ Piedmont  Region,”  and  the  people 
here  will  make  him  feel  at  home  at  once.  Indeed,  he  will  see  no  differ- 
ence between  them  and  his  old  neighbors  at  home  in  all  that  makes  a 
kind  considerate  neighbor.  Emigration  agents  who  are  anxious  to 
dispose  of  large  tracts  of  wild  land,  will  tell  you  that  it  is  better  for 
settlers  to  locate  in  colonies,  this  is  not  at  all  necssary  in  this  State. 
Come  and  settle  wherever  you  can  find  a good  plantation  that  suits  you. 


Ttie  Reedy  River  Water  Falls  In  Greenville,  S.  C. 


62 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


and  you  will  find  nice  people  in  your  neighborhood.  Whether  or  not 
they  are  congenial  will  depend  largely  upon  yourself. 

Greenville  has  a prosperous  and  fertile  country  tributary,  and  a 
lovelier  site  on  which  to  build  a city  could  not  have  been  found. 
Situated  at  the  foot  of  the  mountain,  with  a swift  riv'er  flowing  through, 
forming  natural  drainage  for  the  town,  on  either  side  the  land  rising 
into  low  ranges  of  hills,  the  streets  wide  and  laid  out  with  reference  to 
her  future  needs,  along  which  shade  trees  have  been  planted,  and 
already,  from  any  of  the  high  points  around,  presents  the  appearance  of 


The  Residence  of  C.  H.  Lanneau. 


a vast  grove  with  here  and  there  an  attractive  residence  peeping  out, 
and  overlooking  the  whole  is  seen  the  stately  towers  of  the  Furman 
University.  ' 

“ Greenville  is  a typical  town  of  the  old  South,  preserved  in  all  the 
warm-heartedness,  refinement,  culture,  and  hospitality  of  those  days, 
yet,  throbbing  with  enterprise  and  expanding  with  prosperity,  a repre- 
sentative city  of  the  new'  South."’ 

Fire  Department. — Greenville  has  excellent  fire  protection, 
in  charge  of  energetic,  wide-awake,  volunteer  citizens. 


The  Greenville  Female  College. 


64 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Public  Building’S. — Although  Greenville  boasts  no  distinction 
for  her  public  buildings,  she  has  those  which  would  be  an  ornament  to 
any  town  in  the  Commonwealth.  Engravings  of  several  of  which  we 
present  herewith. 

Taxes  are  low,  the  expenses  of  the  State  government  being  less 
than  four  hundred  thousand  dollars  a year,  and  the  valuation  is  ex- 
tremely low.  The  laws  are  faithfully  administered,  and  bear  equally 
upon  all  citizens.  The  financial  condition  of  the  city  is  good. 


A Colored  Washing  Camp 


Newspapers. — Greenville  has  an  able  daily  paper — the  A ews 
and  three  weeklies.  The  Etiterprise  and  IMountaineer , the  Weekly 
News,  and  the  Baptist  Courier.  An  agricultural  paper,  the  Cotton 
Pla7it,  is  also  published  here. 

Tbe  Grreen’ville  Bar  numbers  some  of  the  best  la\\\ers  in 
the  South. 


Bird's  Eyo  View  of  Greenville. 


66 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Banking  Facilities  are  well  supplied  by  the  National  Bank 
of  Greenville  and  the  People’s  Bank,  both  of  which  are  solid  and 
in  a flourishing  condition.  The  Greenville  Savings  Bank  is  also  a 
popular  institution. 

Private  Residences. — Greenville  has  many  beautiful  homes, 
some  of  which  are  represented  by  our  engravings. 

Fancy  Stock  Farms. — What  can  be  done  in  this  line  in 
the  Piedmont  Region  may  be  seen  by  a visit  to  the  MUlsdale  Stock 


The  Millsdale  Stock  Farm. 


Farm,  situated  on  Augusta  Street,  where  Capt.  Mills  has  a fine  herd 
of  Jerseys. 

The  Gas  Works  which  were  established  in  1S69,  by  IMessrs. 
Asbury  & Son,  are  situated  at  the  corner  of  Boyce  and  Broad  Streets, 
and  were  first  illuminated  to  celebrate  the  declaration  of  secession  at 
Charleston.  Messrs.  Asbury  have  recently  added  an  Electric  Light 
Plant  which  is  now  in  successful  operation. 

The  Ice  Factory  supplies  the  city  with  a good  quality  of  ice. 

Wood’s  Carp  Ponds,  situated  a short  drive  east  from  the 
< ity,  are  well  worth  visiting.  These  ponds,  six  in  number,  are  fed  by 


The  Presbyterian  Church,  Greenville. 


68 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


the  waters  of  Laurel  Creek,  and  are  stocked  with  Scale  Carp,  fully  a 
hundred  thousand,  many  of  them  measuring  27  inches  in  length,  which 
are  Mr.  Wood’s  stock  fish,  and  will  average  from  seven  to  nine  pounds 
each.  One  of  the  ponds,  225  x 100  feet,  seems  almost  alive  with  fish. 
A piece  of  cracker  thrown  into  the  water  will  immediately  cause  a great 
commotion,  and  it  is  only  necessary  to  clap  ones  hands  to  make  the 
voracious  and  beautiful  carp  appear.  To  breed  carp  requires  but  little 
attention,  and  the  occupation  is  very  fascinating  and  promises  to  be 
highly  remunerative. 


The  Residence  of  W.  T.  Shunnate. 

Paris  Mountain. — This  popular  Summer  Resort,  is  five  miles 
north  of  the  city  ; named  in  honor  of  Richard  Paris  who  first  settled 
in  the  county.  It  is  2060  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea  and  800  teet 
above  Greenville.  Here  peaches,  grapes  and  berries  make  wonderful 
growth,  and  here  several  .summer  cottages  have  been  erected  by  citizens 
of  Greenville. 

Lownes’  Hill  from  which  a charming  view  is  obtained,  is  three 
miles  east  of  the  city,  and  a favorite  drive. 

Crescent  Ridge- — About  a mile  south  is  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  sections  of  the  city  and  is  destined  to  become  a popular 
place  of  residence.  The  views  from  this  locality  are  really  enchanting. 


Tha  "East  End"  Schoolhouse  Greenville. 


70 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Manufactures. — Greenville,  with  its  abundant  water  power, 
which  is  far  from  being  utilized,  offers  great  inducements  to  manufac- 
turers. 

She  now  has  an  extensive  Carriage  Manufactory,  a Cotton-seed  Oil 
Mill,  and  two  Foundries  and  Machine  Shops,  an  Ice  Factory,  and  other 
important  industries,  including  four  Cotton  Mills.  The  Huguenot 
Mills,  the  two  Camperdown  Mills,  the  Lanneau  Mill,  and  the  Piedmont 
Mill  which  is  the  largest,  with  a capital  of  half  a million  dollars. 
Other  mills  contiguous  to  Greenville  are  the  Pelzer  Cloth  Mill,  the 
Reedy  River  Cloth  Mill,  the  Fork  Shoals  Yarn  Mill,  the  Batesville 
Mill,  and  the  Pelham  Mill,  all  of  which  are  in  a prosperous  condition. 


The  Lanneau  Mill. 

That  cotton  manufacturing  in  the  South  is  very  profitable,  is 
evidenced  by  the  fact  that  such  great  mills  as  the  Piedmont,  Pelzer, 
Clifton  and  Pacelot,  in  South  Carolina,  are  spending  from  $230,000  to 
$500,000  in  enlarging  their  capacity,  and  while  mills  at  the  North  have 
increased  only  twenty  per  cent,  since  1880,  the  mills  of  the  .South  show 
an  increase  of  over  one  hundred  per  cent,  during  the  .same  period. 
The  value  of  cotton  goods  manufactured  in  the  South  in  1887  was 
$43,000,000,  against  $21,000,000  in  1880. 

The  first  cotton  mill  in  the  State  was  established  in  this  county 
in  1835. 

The  following  letter  from  one  of  Greenville’s  most  prominent  citizens 
will  be  read  with  interest  : 


The  Furman  University,  Greenville. 


72 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OK  THE  SOUTH. 


“Greenville  has  exceptional  natural  advantages  as  a manufacturing 
center.  With  her  splendid  railroad  facilities,  her  mild  and  healthful 
climate ; fertile  soil,  and  unsurpassed  water  power,  and  cheap  and 
abundant  labor,  she  may  challenge  the  world  in  the  production  of 
cheap  goods.  These  facts  have  of  late  years  been  appreciated  by  capi- 
talists who  have  invested  largely  in  the  numerous  and  prosperous 
cotton  mills  in  and  around  the  city,  all  of  which  are  paying  handsome 
dividends,  and  are  an  important  factor  in  promoting  the  growth  and 
prosperity  of  this  section  of  the  country. 

The  capital  invested  in  these  enterprises,  in  this  immediate  section 


The  Ferguson  and  Miller  Building. 

since  1876,  will  not  fall  far  short  of  ($2,000,000)  two  millions  of  dol- 
lars, no  inconsiderable  part  of  which  has  been  furnished  by  northern 
capitalists. 

Before  tlie  war  it  was  a rare  occurrence  that  a bale  of  cotton  was 
seen  in  the  cit)-.  Of  late  years  the  number  of  bales  sold  in  Greenville 
has  reached  in  the  neighborhood  of  thirty-five  thousand.  One  or  more 
of  the  cotton  mills  near  here,  each  consume  during  the  year  not  less 
than  twelve  or  fifteen  thousand  bales. 

The  city  has  recently  purchased  a parcel  of  real  estate,  eligibly  and 
conveniently  located,  and  are  now  engaged  in  developing  it  into  a 
delightful  park  which  promises  to  be  one  of  the  attractive  features  of 
Greenville. 


T]ie  Methodist  Church,  Greenville. 


74 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  Fire  Department  is  well  organized  and  equipped,  and  very 
efficient.  The  city  is  brilliantly  lighted  bv  Gas,  and  two  Electric 
Plants,  the  Brush  and  Thompson-Houston.  She  has  two  well  drilled 
and  handsomely  uniformed  military  companies. 

The  Carolina,  Knoxville  & Western  Railroad  is  in  rapid  process  of 
construction,  and  will  contribute  immensely  to  the  growth  of  the  city, 
connecting  her  as  it  will  with  the  great  cities  of  the  North-west  by  the 
shortest  and  most  direct  line. 

The  people  of  Greenville  are  generous  and  hospitable,  and  welcome 


Th3  Residence  of  T.  Q.  Donaldson. 

all  who  come  within  her  borders,  and  lend  a helping  hand  to  all  who 
are  disposed  to  help  themselves.'’  T.  O.  Donaldson. 

Vineyards. — Vine  growing  and  wine  making  constitute  an  im- 
portant industry  in  this  region.  There  are  about  a dozen  flourishing 
vineyards  in  and  about  the  city,  producing  in  perfection  many  varieties 
of  table  and  wine-grape.  It  is  here  that  the  grape  finds  a congenial  home 
as  regards  both  soil  and  climate,  being  free  from  the  fogs  that  some- 
times work  injury  to  the  vine  in  less  favored  localities.  The  principal 
\ineyards  are  the  “Mammoth  Wneyard,"’  situated  about  four  miles 
west  of  the  city,  owned  by  Madame  Carpin,  containing  75  acres  of 


The  Baptist  Church,  Greenville, 


76  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

grapes  with  over  65,000  vines,  and  substantial  buildings.  This 
vineyard  is  now  offt  red  for  sale  by  the  Chapin  farm  agency  of  Boston, 
which  has  a branch  in  this  city  where  every  assistance  will  be  given 
visitors  who  may  be  seeking  homes  or  investments.  The  next  in  size  is 
the  Marshall  vineyard,  is  now  owned  by  Jules  Ernest  David.  The 
estate  contains  200  acres,  with  fully  50,000  vines,  beautifully  located 
on  the  side  of  the  Paris  mountain  overlooking  the  city.  Among  the 
other  vineyards  is  the  Germantown  vineyard  of  Mr.  Hahn,  and  that  of 
H.  M.  Buist  from  whom  we  have  received  the  following  article  which 
will  be  read  with  interest  : 


" The  Mammoth  Vineyard.” 


Grapes. — The  Piedmont  section  of  South  Carolina  of  which  Green- 
ville County  is  the  centre,  is  well  adapted  to  the  growing  of  fruit,  espe- 
cially the  grape.  It  has  proved  such  a success  that  vineyards  are  being 
planted  on  all  sides.  The  past  season,  at  least  a hundred  thousand 
pounds  of  table  grapes  were  shipped  to  market,  and  twice  that  amount 
was  used  in  the  manufacture  of  wine. 

This  industry  has  passed  the  stage  of  experiment,  and  now  awaits 
the  hands  of  patient  workers  to  develop  it  into  one  of  the  best  paying 
branches  of  agriculture. 


Main  Street,  Greenville. 


% 


78 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  soil  and  climate  are  well  suited  to  the  growth  of  the  grape,  and 
if  a suitable  situation  is  selected  and  hardy  varieties  planted,  there  need 
be  no  such  thing  as  failure.  The  varieties  of  grapes  that  have  proved 
best  suited  to  this  section  are,  the  Concord,  Brighton,  Moore's  Early, 
Worden,  Martha,  Delaware,  Ives,  Clinton,  and  Morton’s  Virginia. 
There  are  many  other  varieties  of  choice  grapes  not  in  this  list  because 
they  have  not  been  tested  sufficiently  to  be  depended  upon.  I believe 
the  grape  industry  has  a great  future  before  it  in  this  section  of  the 
South,  and  one  visit  made  to  our  section  will  convince  any  one  that  he 


The  Residence  of  H.  B.  Buist. 

who  plants  a vineyard  here,  and  cultivates  it  wisely,  will  surely  succeed. 
The  cost  of  preparing  the  land,  purchase  of  vines,  planting,  posts  and  wire 
will  be  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  dollars  per  acre.  This  difference  in 
cost  is  owing  to  the  value  of  rooted  vines  ; thus.  Concords  will  cost  two 
dollars  and  Morton's  ten  dollars  per  hundred.  The  proper  number  of 
vines  to  be  planted  has  been  found  to  be  five  hundred  j)er  acre,  this 
allows  the  cultivation  of  other  crops,  such  as  melons,  peas,  pinders,  etc. 
between  the  vines,  which  pay  all  expense  of  cultivation,  even  after  the 
vines  come  into  bearing.  Profits  to  the  grape  grower  are  generally 
very  large  as  compared  to  the  other  crops,  seldom  falling  below  fifty 


So 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


dollars,  and  often  going  as  high  as  two  to  five  hundred  dollars  per  acre. 

The  grape  season  in  this  section  begins  about  July  loth  and  con- 
tinues until  September  ist.  This  gives  us  the  advantage  of  furnishing 
the  northern  and  western  cities,  and  later  in  the  season  the  southern 
cities,  enabling  us  to  realize  the  best  prices  at  all  times. 

Greenville,  June  25,  1888.  H.  B.  BUIST. 

Stock  Raising'  in  the  Piedmont  Region.— For  stock 
raising,  the  beautiful  country  around  “the  pearl  of  the  Piedmont,"  as 


The  Residence  of  Julius  C,  Smith. 


the  city  of  Greenville  is  appropriately  styled,  is  perhaps  unsurpassed  iix, 
the  South.  The  section  comprises  a broad  and  fertile  belt  of  hilly 
country,  extending  east  and  west  at  the  foot  of  the  Blue  Ridge  moun- 
tains, and  known  as  the  Piedmont  Region  in  the  State's  geological 
survey.  The  country  is  well  watered  by  clear  silvery  streams  which 
flow  from  the  mountains,  affording  water  as  pure  as  that  from  a well 
kept  spring.  The  climate  is  excellent,  the  city  and  section  being 
the  summer  resort  for  thousands  of  people  from  the  country  furthei 
south  and  from  the  seaboard.  These  considerations,  pure  water  and 
air,  remove  all  mystery  from  the  question  of  the  remarkable  and  note- 


82 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


worthy  absence  of  contagious  diseases  among  stock.  When  cattle, 
horses,  sheep  and  hogs  are  dying  from  infectious  and  contagious  dis- 
eases by  the  hundred  in  other  sections  of  the  country,  it  is  a fact  that 
speaks  out  boldly  for  this  region,  that  no  signs  of  disease  are  to  be 
seen  as  a rule,  and  when  imported  from  other  sections  the  diseases  have 
never  been  known  to  spread,  but  soon  disappear.  This  is  only  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  fact  that  malarial  and  other  germ  diseases  of  the 
human  body  are  no  terror  to  the  people  of  Greenville  and  vicinity. 
When  the  yellow  fever  is  raging  in  the  coast  cities,  Greenville  opens 


The  Residence  of  J.  P.  Miller.  (Ferguson  & Miller.) 

wide  the  door  of  welcome  to  fleeing  refugees  instead  of  establishing  a 
quarantine  regulation.  The  same  laws  govern,  of  course,  in  animal  and 
human  diseases,  i.  e.,  pure  water  and  pure  air  prevent  the  multiplication 
of  the  seeds  of  disease,  and  hinder  its  spreading  from  farm  to  farm. 
Aside  from  the  questions  of  disease,  it  cannot  be  doubted,  (and  it  is 
proven  with  those  who  have  observed  it  in  practice,)  that  the  same 
climatic  conditions  contribute  to  bodily  health  and  vigor  and  early  de- 
velopment in  the  cow  or  horse  as  well  as  in  the  human  individual. 
These  are  not  theoretical  assertions.  Let  him  who  doubts  visit  the 
country  and  see  for  himself  the  few  herds  of  thoroughbreds  owned  by 
the  enterprising  citizens  of  the  country  about  Greenville,  as  the}'  graze 


The  Gower  & Reilly  Warehouse,  Washington  Street,  Greenville. 


I 


84 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


in  picturesque  slopes  and  valleys,  amid  scenes  of  natural  beauty,  that 
inspire  the  poet  and  painter  and  teach  the  people  of  the  Piedmont  to 
love  and  cherish  their  smiling  and  beautiful  country.  Nature  has  sup- 
plied here  every  condition  and  advantage  necessary  to  successful  stock- 
raising,  and  what  has  been  left  to  man  to  complete,  in  the  way  of  com- 
mercial facilities,  is  being  done  at  the  present  time  in  the  building  of 
railroads  in  all  directions  from  the  city  of  Greenville,  across  the  mount- 
ains to  the  great  West,  through  to  the  seaport  cities  of  Charleston  and 
Savannah,  and  to  the  great  harbor  of  the  South,  Port  Royal.  The  soil 


The  Residence  of  John  D.  Sullivan. 

and  length  of  the  growing  season  render  the  growth  of  forage  and 
ensilage  crops  an  easy  matter.  Two  crops  of  Indian  corn  are  grown 
for  ensilage  in  a season  on  the  same  soil.  The  sorghum  crops  are  at 
home  on  the  soil  and  climate  of  this  section,  while  most  of  the  culti- 
vated grasses,  particularly  red  clover,  lucerne,  orchard  grass,  red-top, 
timothy  and  Bermuda  grass,  and  other  forage  and  grazing  crops  grow 
luxuriantly  and  produce  enormously.  The  soil  varies  through  all  the 
grades  from  heavy  clay  to  light  sand  and  alluvial  bottoms,  and  bold 
sparkling  springs  and  branches  can  be  found  on  almost  any  small 
farm.  The  country  is  rolling,  beautiful  and  fertile,  as  well  as  health}-. 
It  is  rapidly  being  settled  up,  and  the  best  farm  lands  are  going  up  in 


"Sans  Souci,”  The  Gov.  Perry  Residence.  Greenville. 


86 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


price,  although  now  obtainable  at  reasonable  figures.  The  opportunity 
for  the  breeder  of  fine  stock  is  now.  Fine  breeds  are  the  order  of  the 
day  and  the  scrub  must  go.  The  home  market  will  be  a good  one  for 
years  to  come,  as  fine  breeds  of  stock  are  yet  scarce  and  high  priced, 
while  a decided  preference  is  given,  always,  for  stock  raised  at  home 
over  animals  raised  in  other  States  which  have  to  be  shipped  a long 
distance  and  “ acclimated.”  Whether  this  preference  is  from  prejudice 
or  otherwise,  it  matters  not.  The  cow,  hog,  sheep  or  other  animal  of 
unquestioned  pedigree,  raised  in  the  Piedmont  county  we  are  describ- 


The  Residence  of  Mrs.  L.  B.  Cline. 


ing,  will  find  readier  sale  with  the  farmers  of  the  State,  than  those 
brought  from  elsewhere.  Hence,  the  opportunity  for  the  enterprising 
stock  breeder.  The  best  market  for  his  products  is  right  at  his  g^te 
where  the  farmers  will  come  and  purchase.  Shipping  facilities  by  rail 
are  already  ample  in  five  directions  from  Greenville — north,  south,  east 
and  west : to  the  mountains  and  westward  by  a new  road  which  will  be 
completed  across  the  Blue  Ridge  within  a year,  and  by  the  several  lines 
to  the  various  counties  of  this  and  adjoining  States.  The  professional 
stock  raiser  could  hardly  ask  for  better  opportunities  and  facilities  than 
he  can  find  here  for  the  successful  pursuit  of  his  business.  There  are 


A South  Caiolina  Garden  Scene, 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


golden  opportunities  for  men  of  the  right  stamp  with  capital  to  back 
them,  and  likewise  for  men  of  moderate  means.  There  are  other  ad- 
vantages than  those  enumerated.  The  winters  are  mild,  requiring  less 
food  for  stock  during  the  winter  months,  and  some  of  the  grasses  afford 
good  grazing  from  summer  to  summer,  namely  : Bermuda,  whose 

nutritious  stems  remain  succulent  and  sweet  until  mid-winter  under  the 
dead  tops,  on  plats  not  summer-grazed,  and  Kentucky  blue  grass  which 
makes  excellent  growth  from  Christmas  until  spring.  Orchard  grass 
also  affords  good  winter  grazing,  as  well  as  Burr  clover,  rye  and  barley. 
Green  pastures  are  thus  available  throughout  the  year,  while  the  snows 
of  winter  are  of  short  duration.  It  is  a conceded  fact  that  heifers  de- 


The  Residence  of  Squire  McBee. 


velop  into  well  grown  milch  cows  in  this  section  in  much  less  time  than 
they  do  at  the  North,  and  at  far  less  expense.  Why  cannot  the  Pied- 
mont country  of  South  Carolina  supply  the  northern  dairy-man  with, 
the  cows  he  must  buy  ?”  Millsdale. 

The  Street  Railway  is  owned  by  Messrs.  Gower  and  Reilly. 
The  cars  run  from  the  Air  Line  Railroad  Station,  through  W’ashington,. 
Main  and  Augusta  streets  to  the  Station  of  the  Columbia  and  Green- 
ville Railroad,  passing  all  the  hotels,  the  Court  House  and  the  prin- 
cipal business  houses.  The  fare  is  five  cents,  or  fifty  tickets  for  two. 
dollars. 


Lion’s  Head  Mountain,  near  Caesar's  Head  Hotel. 


90 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  Telephone.^ — The  Greenville  Telephone  Company  has  three 
of  the  longest  lines  in  the  State,  and  is  in  a prosperous  condition. 

Churches. — One  of  the  first  acts  of  the  settlers  of  Greenville  was 
to  prepare  some  suitable  place  for  the  worship  of  God,  and  that  the 
spiritual  wants  of  the  people  are  now  well  supplied,  is  indicated  by  the 
beautiful  church  edifices  which  are  represented  by  our  engravings. 
They  are  well  situated,  and  are  each  blessed  with  pastors  who  are  con- 
secrated to  the  work  of  the  Master  and  are  working  earnestly  and  suc- 
cessfully in  His  cause.  Besides  the  Episcopal.  Presbyterian,  Baptist, 


Prof.  A.  E.  Towne's  Cottage  at  the  Female  College. 

and  Methodist,  the  Catholics  have  a commodious  house  of  worship  with 
a parsonage  attached.  The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  has  a 
large  membership  and  is  doing  a good  work.  The  colored  people  of 
Greenville,  who  as  a class  are  church  goers  and  constant  attendants 
upon  divine  worship,  have  suitable  churches. 

Schools. — Besides  the  public  schools,  which  are  of  a high  order. 
Greenville  is  the  seat  of  the  Furman  University,  one  of  the  best  col- 
leges in  the  South.  Faculty. — Rev.  Chas.  Manly,  D.  D.,  President  ; 
Rev.  Jas.  C.  Furman.  D.  U.,  Prof.  Moral  Philosophy  : C.  H.  Judson, 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


9' 


L.  L.  D.,  Prof.  Mathematics;  H.  T.  Cook,  A.  M.,  Prof.  Ancient  Lan- 
guages ; W.  F.  Watson,  A.  M.,  Prof.  Physics  and  Chemistry;  C. 
Manly,  D.  D.,  Prof.  English  Language  and  Literature  ; H.  H.  Watkins, 
A.  M.,  Principal  Preparatory  Department. 

The  University  comprises  seven  separate  schools.  These  schools 
are  so  arrahged  as  to  enable  the  student  to  pursue  to  the  best  advan- 
tage any  particular  course  of  study  he  may'  select,  while  definite  courses 
are  prescribed  for  each  of  the  several  degrees  conferred  by  the  Univer- 


sity. The  annual  session  begins  the  last  Wednesday  in  September  and 
continues  uninterruptedly  until  the  third  Thursday  in  June. 

For  full  information  in  regard  to  advantages  offered,  expenses  of 
board  and  tuition,  apply  for  catalogue  to  Prof.  H.  T.  Cook,  Greenville 

The  Greenville  Female  College  is  situated  in  one  of  the 
most  desirable  sections  of  the  city.  Our  engraving  is  the  original 
design  for  the  complete  building. 

The  corps  of  instructors  rank  among  the  most  experienced  in  the 
State.  The  following  are  the  Board  of  Trustees  ; — T-  !’•  Smith,  Presi- 


92 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


dent,  Charleston,  S.  C.  ; G.  G.  Wells,  Secretary,  Greenville,  S.  C. ; 
J.  A.  W.  Thomas,  A.  B.  Woodruff,  Julius  C.  Smith,  R.  B.  Watson, 
James  A.  Hoyt,  R.  W.  Sanders,  John  Stout,  W.  C.  Coker,  E.  B. 
Murray,  J.  W.  Stribling,  John  Lawton. 

Executive  Coinmittee — Charles  Manly,  Chairman;  J.  C.  Smith,  Au- 
ditor; G.  G.Wells,  Secretar}' ; C.  H.  Judson,  Treasurer ; James  A.  Hoyt. 

Fac7ilty. — A.  S.  Townes,  President,  English,  Latin,  Mental  and 
Moral  Science  ; Miss  Mary  C.  Judson,  Lady  Principal,  Logic,  Physical 
Sciences,  Elocution  and  Calisthenics  ; Miss  Caroline  D.  Dawson,  French, 


The  Exchange  Hotel. 

Mathematics  and  History  ; Miss  Bessy  Bagby,  English,  Latin  and 
Mathematics  ; Miss  Lucy  R.  Hoyt,  Composition,  Latin  and  English  ; 
Prof.  W.  F.  Watson,  {Prof.  Chc7n.  ajid  P/tys.  in  Ftirman  University,) 
Special  Lecturer  on  Physics  and  Chemistry  ; Prof.  J.  M.  Perry,  Pen- 
manship and  Book-Keeping  ; Miss  F.  G.  Bibb,  Principal  of  Academic 
Department,  Miss  Julia  Lide,  First  Assistant,  Miss  Ida  I.  Wells,  Second 
Assistant;  Miss  Maggie  G.  Grifhth,  Principal  of  Primary  Department. 
Miss  Helen  R.  Platt,  principal  of  the  Art  Department.  A fine  studio 
fitted  with  models,  drawing  and  painting  apparatus,  affords  every  advan- 
tage to  the  student. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


93 


The  Conservatory  of  Music  is  situated  on  College  Street 
adjoining  the  grounds  of  the  Female  College,  on  one  of  the  highest 
points  in  the  city,  and  but  a few  minutes’  walk  from  the  business  centre. 
The  building  is  heated  by  steam  and  has  all  the  modern  appliances  of 
gas,  water,  bath  rooms,  fire  escapes,  etc. 

Prof.  M.  G.  De  Camps,  Director  of  the  Conservatory,  and  for  many 
years  Professor  of  Music  in  the  Female  College,  conceived  the  idea  of 
establishing  a school  where  music  should  be  thoroughly  and  exclusively 
taught,  believing  that  such  a one,  maintaining  a high  standard  of  das- 


Residence  of  R.  L,  R,  Bentz,  Greenville, 


sical  culture  in  taste  and  execution,  would  be  liberally  patronized  by  the 
music-loving  families  of  the  South,  and  he  erected  the  beautiful  build- 
ing of  which  we  have  prepared  an  engraving,  and  the  conservatory  is 
in  a flourishing  condition,  of  which  the  people  of  Greenville  are  justly 
proud. 

The  New  Post  OflSce  Building,  which  the  government  is  build- 
ing at  a cost  of  $100,000,  is  at  the  corner  of  Main  and  Broad  Streets, 
nearly  in  the  geographical  center  of  the  city.  Our  engraving  repro- 
duced fro.n  the  architect’s  drawing  is  a faithful  representation  of  the 
structure  as  it  will  appear  when  completed. 


94 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Public  Schools. — The  graded  schools  are  a source  of  much  pride 
to  the  citizens  of  Greenville,  and  their  growth  and  increase  is  watched 
with  great  interest.  Prof.  W.  S.  Morrison  has  made  a tabulated  state- 
ment, showing  the  growth  made  during  the  past  three  years,  which  is 
given  below : 

“ The  number  of  scholars  enrolled  in  1886-87  was  456 — whites,  232  ; 
colored,  224.  The  average  attendance  was  339 — whites,  185  : colored, 
154. 

The  number  in  1887-88  was  659 — whites,  388;  colored,  271.  In- 


Residence  of  T.  C.  Gower,  Greenville. 

crease  over  the  previous  year,  203.  The  average  attendance  was  454  — 
whites,  286;  colored,  168.  Increase  over  the  preceding  year,  115. 

The  number  in  1888-89  was  796 — whites,  431  ; colored,  365.  In- 
crease over  the  preceding  year,  137.  The  average  attendance  was  629 — 
whites,  361  ; colored,  268.  Increase  over  the  preceding  year  175. 

The  number  in  1889-90,  so  far  as  enrolled  has  been  1071 — whites, 
542;  colored,  529.  Increase  over  the  preceding  year,  275.  The 
average  attendance  so  far  has  been  858  — whites,  459;  colored.  399. 
Increase  over  the  preceding  year,  229. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


95 


Hotels. — Greenville  has  excellent  hotel  accommodations,  F oremost 
is  the  Mansion  House,  kept  by  A.  A.  Gates,  who  has  had  a valuable 
Northern  experience,  and  keeps  a popular  house.  The  Exch.ange 
Hotel  is  another  good  house  kept  by  Capt.  W.  H.  White,  an  old-time 
Southern  hotel  keeper,  who  has  a warm  welcome  for  every  guest,  and  a 
good  table.  At  either  of  these  houses  you  will  fare  as  well  as  you 
could  wish.  Here  you  will  find  fat,  yellow-legged  chickens,  butter 
without  any  features  of  oleomargarine,  mutton  from  the  mountain  sides 


Residence  of  George  Heldmann,  Greenville. 

where  the  water,  the  air,  the  feed,  all  combine  to  make  it  the  finest  in 
the  world.  Everything  well  cooked  ; the  table  cloths,  napkins,  every- 
thing nice  and  clean.  Here  a home  feeling  comes  over  you  and  you 
repeat  to  yourself  the  Ponce  de  Leon’s  words  of  welcome  : 

“ Who’er  has  travelled  life’s  dull  round, 

Where’er  his  stages  may  have  been, 

May  sigh  to  think  he  still  has  found 
The  warmest  welcome  at  an  inn.” 

There  are  several  smaller  hotels  and  numerous  boarding  houses 
throughout  the  city  where  board  may  be  obtained  at  various  prices. 


96 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


T HE  Altamonte. — This  new  and  popular  hotel  on  the  summit  of  Paris 
Mountain  about  an  hour’s  ride  from  the  city,  under  the  efficient  manage- 
ment of  A.  H.  French,  has  had  a prosperous  season.  Situated  over 


The  Altamonte  Hotel,  Paris  Mountain,  near  Greenville. 

2000  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea  and  commanding  views  of  the  sur- 
rounding country  grand  beyond  conception,  it  will  not  be  surprising  if 


The  Shumate  Mill,  Greenville. 


the  success  with  which  it  is  meeting  should  cause  the  stock  holders  to 
Tlouble  its  capacity  before  another  season. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


97 


Market  Gardening. — That  there  is  money  in  raising  vegetables 
for  the  Greenville  market  is  evident  from  the  experience  of  Mr.  Schwies, 
described  in  the  Greenville  News  of  Oct.  24  : 

“ The  News  reporter  went  out  yesterday  to  the  market  garden  of 
Henry  Schwies,  which  is  just  beyond  the  Lanneau  cotton  mill  on 
McDaniel  Street.  Mr.  Schwies  is  a German  and  has  had  large  exper- 
ience in  this  line.  He  cultivates  eight  acres,  and  while  it  is  late  in  the 

year  to  speak  of  vegetables,  still  a 
few  figures  concerning  this  enter- 
prise will  show  that  a business  of 
this  kind,  properly  managed,  will 
yield  a fair  income.  The  land  on 
which  Mr.  Schwies  lives  was  not  in 
a very  high  state  of  cultivation  when 
he  moved  here  si.x  years  ago,  but 
with  patience  and  hard  work  in  the 
interval,  it  has  produced  this  year 
600  bushels  of  sweet  potatoes,  400 
of  Irish  potatoes,  800  of  turnips,  50 
of  English  peas  and  75  of  beans. 
Besides  these,  he  has  raised  8,000 
head  of  cabbage  — and  tomatoes 
without  number.  The  smaller  herbs 
and  vegetables  have  not  been  neg- 
lected, as  a glance  at  his  garden 
will  show.  The  total  receipts  for 
this  year  from  the  sale  of  his  pro- 
ducts amounted  to  $1800,  not  a 
small  sum  by  any  means.  When 
the  fact  that  he  raised  everything 
he  eats  and  the  food  for  his  stock  is  taken  into  consideration,  it  is 
evident  that  truck  farming  pays  even  when  the  farmers’  market  is  a city 
of  no  more  than  ten  thousand  inhabitants.” 

The  Chapin  Farm  Agency,  of  Greenville,  have  several  desirable  small 
farms  for  sale  near  Greenville  at  extraordinary  low  prices  and  upon 
very  easy  terms  of  payment,  besides  vineyards  and  cotton  plantations 
throughout  the  Piedmont  Region.  Full  particulars  will  be  mailed, 
post  paid,  on  application. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Crescent  Ridge  is  one  of  the  most  healthy  and  attractive  sections 
of  the  city  for  residences.  The  situation  is  exceedingly  pleasant,  the 
views  really  enchanting  ; located  a few  rods  south  of  the  forest-covered 
grounds  of  the  Furman  University  and  but  a few  minutes’  walk  from 
steam  and  street  cars ; with  electric  lights  on  the  next  block ; in  a 


The  Carrier  Building' and  Piedmont  Improvement  Company  Office. 

neighborhood  unsurpassed  in  the  city ; with  perfect  drainage  and  a 
soil  of  great  fertility  these  lots  will  rapidly  be  improved.  Every  lot 
will  be  sold  under  restrictions  so  that  nothing  objectionable  can  get  a 
foothold ; and  here  is  located  the  Greenville  AIiner.\l  Spring,  a 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


99 


water  of  remarkable  value  in  cases  of  dyspepsia,  indigestion  and  liver 
complaint  as  attested  by  Dr.  H.  L.  Bovvker,  the  State  assayer  of  Massa- 
chusetts : 

COMMONWEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS. 

Certificate  of  An.\lysis. 

State  Assayer’s  Office,  297  Franklin  St.,  Boston,  Mass.,  Oct.  29,  1889. 
To  the  Piedmont  Improveme7it  Company,  Greenville,  S.  C.  t 
The  sample  of  water,  marked  “ Greenville  Mineral  Spring  water,”  submitted 
for  analysis,  has  been  carefully  examined,  with  the  following  results : — 


It  contains  in  parts  per  100,000  : 

Silica,  . . . . . . . . ■ . .800 

Oxide  of  Iron  and  Aluminum,  .....  .400 
Carbonate  of  Lime,  ......  1.200 

Magnesium  Carbonate 700 

Sodium  Carbonate, 1.824 

Chloride  of  Sodium,  .......  .966 

Chloride  of  Potassium 610 

Free  Ammonia,  ........  .005 

Albuminoid  Ammonia,  ......  .006 

Total,  . . . . . . . . .6.511 

Total  number  of  grains  per  U.  S.  gallon,  . . 3.64 


It  is  a first-class  spring  water  in  every  respect  and  would  be  found  beneficial 
To  those  who  are  troubled  with  dyspepsia,  indigestion  or  disarrangement  of 
the  digestive  organs.  It  would  be  also  beneficial  in  weakness  or  disease  of  the 
urinary  organs;  or  where  the  blood  is  impure  from  zymotic  diseases,  improper 
habits  of  living,  etc.  [Signed]  H.  L.  Bowker, 

State  Assayer. 

That  this  is  a valuable  water  for  kidney  difficulties  is  evident  from  a 
subsequent  letter  received  from  Dr.  Bowker.  The  Poland  Spring 
water  referred  to  has  for  many  years  been  noted  for  its  efficacy  in  the 
treatment  of  diseases  of  the  liver  and  kidneys,  and  has  yielded  an 
immense  fortune  to  its  proprietors. 

State  Assayer’s  Office,  295  and  297  Franklin  St. 

Dr.  H.  L.  Bowker,  State  Assayer,  Boston,  No\'.  2,  1889, 
Piedmont  Improvement  Company,  Greenville,  S.  C.: 

Dear  Sirs, — In  reply  to  your  note  of  the  31st,  ult.,  inquiring  what  water,  if 
any,  the  Greenville  Medical  Spring  compares  with,  would  say,  that  so  far  as  I 
have  made  comparison,  it  comes  nearest  to  the  Poland  Mineral  Spring  water 


lOO 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


of  Maine.  There  is  only  the  difference  of  a few  grains  per  gallon  in  total  solids 
and  there  is  a great  similarity  in  their  composition.  Vours  truly, 

H.  L.  Bowker. 

The  spring  is  situated  in  a small  oak  grove,  but  a short  distance  from 
the  Furman  University,  just  a pleasant  walk  from  the  centre  of  the 
city.  The  public  are  cordially  invited  to  visit  the  spring  and  drink  of 
its  health-giving  waters. 

There  are  other  springs  of  pure  cool  water  in  the  Crescent  Ridge 
section  of  Greenville,  and  the  well  water,  which  is  free  stone,  is  noted 


The  Greenville  Machine  Works. 

for  its  purity.  As  a location  for  the  establishment  of  a home  no  spot 
offers  more  attractions. 

Ceesar’s  Head.— “ Cesar’s  Head  Mountain  is  an  outlying  spur  of 
the  Blue  Ridge  in  upper  South  Carolina,  4600  feet  above  the  sea. 
The  scenery  from  this  mountain  summit  presents  a panoramic  view, 
varied,  grand  and  beautiful  beyond  description.  Objects  more  than 
200  miles  apart  are  distinctly  seen  by  the  unaided  eye.  The  extent  of 
view  is  only  limited  by  the  capacity  of  vision.  In  the  vicinity  are  nu- 
merous waterfalls  and  cascades  unsurpassed  for  beauty  and  grandeur  in 
the  southern  country.  The  altitude  and  latitude  combined  for  a 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  TAE  SOUTH 


lOI 


climate  unparalleled,  with  an  atmosphere  cool,  dry,  soft  and  balmy,  and 
wonderfully  invigorating.  It  is  a veritable  “ elixir  of  life.”  No  dews, 
no  frosts.  Having  an  average  temperature  in  the  summer  months  of 
from  6o°  to  70°,  which  charms  the  visitor  into  a pleasant  forgetfulness 
of  the  burning  heat  which  he  has  left  behind  him.  Malarial  and  ner- 
vous diseases — Consumption,  bronchitis,  hay  fever  and  general  debility 
are  promptly  relieved.  The  hotel  is  situated  upon  the  summit  of  this 
mountain,  surrounded  by  magnificent  shade  trees  and  beautiful  grassy 
lawns,  commanding  extended  views  of  the  surrounding  country  from 


TheCssar's  Head  Hotel, 

every  nook  and  corner.  Near  the  hotel  is  a Mhieral  Spi'ing  contain- 
ing protoxide  of  iron,  chlorine,  magnesia,  silicic  acid,  soda  and  sul- 
phuric acid.  Cold  free-stone  springs  abundant.  Delightful  walks  and 
drives.  The  capacity  of  the  hotel  is  about  200.  Every  convenience 
possible  is  provided.  There  are  daily  mails,  livery  stable,  and  varied 
amusements.” 

How  to  reach  Caesar’s  Head. — From  Atlanta  or  Richmond 
to  Greenville,  S.  C.,  from  thence  by  the  Carolina,  Knoxville  & Western 
R.  R.,  or  by  carriage,  eight  hours  over  good  roads  through  a delightful 
.country.  The  place  is  easily  reached  trom  Asheville  or  Hendersonville, 


102 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


N,  C.,  and  when  the  C.  K.  & W.  Koad  is  completed,  from  Knoxville,. 
Tenn.,  by  rail. 

On  Cedar  Mountain,  about  midway  between  Caesar’s  Head  and  Buck 
Forest,  on  the  road  leading  to  Hendersonville,  N.  C.,  is  the  “ Hotel 
DE  Gower,”  erected  by  Mr.  T.  C.  Gower,  of  Greenville.  The  locatioa 
of  this  house  which  is  well  described  by  our  engraving,  is  very  fine,. 


Casars  Head  Mountain. 

commanding  scenery  grand  beyond  description.  Tourists  can  take  the 
cars  of  the  Carolina,  Knox\  ille  & Western  R.  R.,  or  by  taking  the 
stage  at  Greenville,  will  travel  over  the  “ Jones  Gap  Turnpike,”  a splen- 
did road,  passing  through  the  most  lovely  scenery  of  fertile  valleys, 
beautiful  cascades,  and  towering  mountains. 

The  proprietor  has  just  completed  an  e.xcellent  road  leading  to  the 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


103 


top  of  Bradford  Mountain,  a distance  of  about  two  and  one-half  miles 
from  the  hotel.  This  is  one  of  the  highest  peaks  in  this  range  of  moun- 
tains, from  which  there  is  a most  lovely  and  extended  view  on  all  sides. 
In  one  direction,  looking  over  the  intervening  mountain  range,  is 
spread  out  a magnificent  view  of  the  adjoining  Counties  of  Greenville 
and  Pickens  in  the  Palmetto  State,  while  around  on  every  hand  are 
piled  the  numerous  peaks  and  ranges  of  western  North  Carolina. 

Various  other  points  of  interest  are  within  easy  reach,  which,  com- 
bined with  the  delightfully  cool  climate,  invigorating  atmosphere  and 


The  Hotel  de  Gower  on  Cedar  Mountain, 


pure  ice-cold  spring  water,  makes  this  one  of  the  most  attractive  Sum- 
mer Resorts  in  the  South,  to  those  in  quest  of  health  or  recreation. 

Persons  desiring  to  take  conveyance  from  Greenville,  can  obtain  all 
necessary  information  by  applying  to  Messrs.  Gower  & Reilly,  City 
Warehouse,  Greenville. 

The  rates  of  board  are  $1.50  per  day;  $9.00  per  week,  or  $30.00 
per  month. 

Gold. — Perhaps  it  is  not  generally  known  that  Greenville  County 
is  a rich  mineral  section,  but  such  is  evidently  the  fact.  Nuggets  of 
gold  are  frequently  brought  into  the  city. 


South  Carolina  Deaf  and  Dumh  Asylum. 


Semopesb,  0e©pgi§ 


''N  the  centre  of  that  surpassingly  beautiful  and  healthful  region, 
known  as  the  Chattahoochee  Ridge,  in  Northeast  Georgia,  is  lo- 
cated the  new  town  of  Demorest,  which  promises  to  become  one 


of  the  fairest  and 
health  and  plea- 
the  entire  South, 
the  most  pros- 
ing business 
the  whole  nation. 
County,  in  which 
cated,  has.  the 
tion  of  having 
rate,  in  propor- 
lation,  than  any 
the  United 
town  lies  1600 
level  of  the  sea. 
tude ; the  llfe- 
breezes  ; the 
crystal  springs ; 
water  in  wells 
the  mild  seasons 
changes,  all  corn- 
favored  region 
ingly  healthful 
the  earth. 


most  popular 
sure  resorts  in 
as  well  as  one  of 
perous  andthriv- 
communities  in 
Habersham 
Demorest  is  lo- 
proud  distinc- 
a smaller  death- 
tion  to  the  popu- 
other  county  in 
S t a t e s . The 
feet  above  the 
The  high  alti- 
giving  mountain 
numberless  cool, 
the  pure,  soft 
and  streams,  and 
with  their  gentle 
bine  to  make  this 
the  most  surpas- 
on  the  face  of 


Mt.  Yonah,  View  from  Demorest  Heights. 

No  malaria  exists.  Malarious  diseases  are  unknown  in  the  vicinity 
of  Demorest.  No  epidemics  have  ever  prevailed.  The  region  is  abso- 
lutely free  .from  the  da7iger  of  yellow  fever  visitations.  That  fatal 


io6 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


disease  has  never  been  epidemic  in  any  part  of  the  world  with  an  alti- 
tude of  600  feet  above  sea  level.  De7norest  lies  a thousand  feet  above 
the  danger  litie. 

During  the  summer  of  1888,  when  the  yellow  fever  was  decimating 
the  population  of  Florida,  and  spreading  consternation  among  the  cities 
of  Northern  Alabama,  where  it  dealt  death  daily.  North  Georgia  opened 
her  generous  arms  to  receive  the  fear-stricken  refugees,  even  though  the 
yellow  scourge  had  already  attacked  (hem.  The  terrified  fugitives  came 
by  thousands ; came  with  fever  fires  consuming  them ; came  with  the 
touch  of  death  upon  their  sallow  faces ; came  almost  hopeless  and  de- 
spairing,— and  breathing  the  pure  air  of  Georgia's  highlands,  their  health 
and  strength  returned. 

And  Northern  Georgia  did  not  suffer  for  its  generous  welcome.  The 
fever  did  not  spread.  No  new  cases  were  reported  from  contact  with 
the  refugees,  and  those  who  caught  the  infection  before  they  came, 
speedily  recovered. 

For  more  than  two  generations  Habersham  County  has  been  famed 
throughout  the  entire  South  for  its  unequalled  healthfulness.  So  great 
is  this  renown  that  a large  number  of  guests  visit  the  region  every  sum- 
mer to  escape  the  fierce  tropical  heats  of  Florida  and  the  South  Atlantic 
and  Gulf  coasts. 

Indian  tradition  also  tells  of  annual  migrations  of  whole  tribes  from 
the  coast  region  further  south,  to  hunt  and  fish  during  the  summer  in 
these  healthy  highlands.  Even  to  this  day,  one  or  two  aged  chiefs  from 
the  reservations  of  South  Carolina  make  these  summer  pilgrimages. 

When  Col.  M.  C.  Wilcox  removed  to  the  region  he  was  a great  suf- 
ferer from  asthma  and  bronchial  trouble.  The  following  letter  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Demorest  Home,  Mining  and  Improvement  Company, 
indicates  the  good  results  from  residence  in  the  vicinity  of  Demorest: 
Frank  J.  Sibley,  Secretary: 

Dear  Sir: — I regard  this  section  of  the  Chattahoochee  Ridge  of  North- 
east Georgia  as  peculiarly  favorable  for  a permanent  residence  for  all  persons- 
afflicted  with  bronchial  or  throat  troubles.  All  persons  coming  here  during 
my  twelve  years’  management  of  the  Mt.  Airy  Hotel,  afflicted  with  asthma, 
and  remaining  here  any  length  of  time,  received  great  benefit,  some  entirely 
recovered.  This  has  been  my  home  for  over  thirteen  years.  I am  entirely 
free  from  asthma  while  here  and  my  bronchial  troubles  so  greatly  relieved  that 
I am  seldom  inconvenienced  thereby.  Yours  very  truly, 

M.  C.  Wilcox. 

The  climate  is  exactly  suited  for  an  “ all-the-year-round  ’ residence. 
Freezing  days  and  snow  are  rare  in  winter,  and  summer  heat  is  seldom 


Below  the  Old  Mill,  Demorest. 

Th6  grand  mountain  peaks  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  plainly  visible  fronv 
Demorest,  the  rushing  rivers,  the  rapids  and  cascades  without  number 
on  the  smaller  creeks,  the  copious  springs  gushing  from  the  foot  of 
every  hill  and  mountain,  the  wooded  valleys  through  which  the  streams. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


excessive.  Springtime,  with  its  soft  sunshine,  gentle  breezes  and  wealth 
of  wild  flowers,  comes  early  and  lingers  long.  Autumn,  with  its  rich 
fruitage,  gorgeous  coloring,  bright  skies,  and  its  dreamy  haze  on  hill 
and  mountain,  comes  soon  and  stays  late. 


io8 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


wander,  and  the  rocks  over  which  the  torrents  leap,  all  unite  to  form  an 
almost  endless  panorama  of  ever-changing  scenes,  of  which  neither  the 
tired  toiler  nor  the  dispirited  pleasure-seeker  or  invalid  could  ever  grow 
weary.  A large  number  of  pleasure  drives  are  laid  out  and  are  being 
improved  by  tlie  Demorest  Company. 

Places  of  Interest  in  the  Vicinity.  — Added  to  its  numerous 
attractions  close  at  home,  there  are  many  points  of  interest  worth  visit- 
ing  in  the  vicinity  of  Demorest. 

Toccoa  Falls,  i86  feet  in  height,  are  fourteen  miles  east.  The 
famous  Tallulah  Falls,  a succession  of  cataracts,  450  feet,  falling  into 
a rocky  gorge  800  feet  in  depth,  are  seventeen  miles  north.  Nacoochee 
Valley,  famed  for  its  beautiful  scenery  and  fine  farms,  lies  fourteen  miles 
northwest.  Mt.  Yonah,  3600  feet  in  height,  and  an  easily  accessible 
peak  of  the  Appalachian  chain  of  mountains,  rears  its  head  seventeen 
miles  to  the  westward.  Currahee  Mountain,  1740  feet  high,  where  the 
I ndians  formerly  mined  silv'er,  is  thirteen  miles  southward.  Anyone 
of  these  points  of  interest  may  be  reached  in  a half  day's  drive  from 
Demorest.  The  natural  roads  are  good  at  all  seasons. 

The  town  was  laid  out  and  improved  by  the  Demorest  Home,  Mining 
and  Improvement  Company,  which  was  organized  to  develop  the  abun- 
dant mineral  and  manufacturing  resources  of  the  country.  That  Com- 
pany has  a capital  stock  of  $1 .500,000  in  60,000  shares  of  525  each.  It 
sells  small  blocks  of  its  stock  from  time  to  time  as  needed  for  permanent 
improvements  of  its  property,  which  consists  of  4000  acres  of  land  in  a 
solid  body,  several  great  water  powers,  and  ine.xhaustible  beds  of  the 
finest  iron  ore,  worth  many  times  the  value  of  its  entire  capital  stock. 
With  such  a solid  basis  of  natural  wealth,  the  stock  is  as  secure  an  in- 
vestment as  the  best  farm  mortgages,  while  paying  very  much  more  than 
the  interest  on  bonds  and  other  securities.  It  is  the  purpose  of  the 
Company  that  is  building  Demorest  to  introduce  a great  number  and 
variety  of  manufacturing  industries.  Among  these  the  manufacture  of 
everything  made  of  wood  will  be  prominent,  the  vast  reserves  of  hard- 
wood timber  extending  for  miles  into  the  mountain  region  to  the  north- 
west, affording  a supply  for  the  most  e.xtensive  industries  of  this  char- 
acter. Manufacturing  sites,  with  free  use  of  water  power,  will  be  donated 
to  parties  desiring  to  establish  factories. 

A Substantial  Town.— The  members  of  the  Company  have  the 
firmest  faith  in  the  future  of  the  city.  In  towns  “boomed”  for  the 


I 10 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


private  profit  of  individuals,  there  are  no  real  elements  of  success  or 
permanence,  and  the  originators  remain  in  distant  States  with  no  inten- 
tion of  taking  any  active  part  in  the  work  of  building  up  their  ephemeral 
■creations. 

In  Demorest,  the  officers  and  stockholders  of  the  Company  manifest 
their  faith  by  being  the  first  to  remove  to  the  young  city  with  their 
families  and  build  homes.  The  president,  secretary,  attorney,  super- 
intendent, and  several  other  stockholders  are  building  handsome  homes 
for  permanent  residence. 

Natural  Resources  — Minerals. — As  early  as  1828  the  value 
of  the  Demorest  iron  beds  was  recognized.  Long  before  the  era  of  rail- 
roads and  rapid  transportation,  a Mr.  Stout  built  a furnace  and  manu- 
factured bar  iron  and  castings.  In  the  office  of  the  Company  are  samples 
of  iron  made  by  Mr.  Stout  over  fifty  )'ears  ago.  It  shows  remarkable 
ductility  and  strength,  and  iron  workers  pronounce  it  far  superior  to  any 
bar  iron  they  are  now  able  to  obtain. 

The  leads  of  this  valuable  ore  run  for  two  miles  across  the  property 
of  the  Demorest  Home,  Mining  and  Improvement  Company,  and  are 
practically  inexhaustible.  The  region  is  abundantly  supplied  with  wood, 
suitable  for  making  charcoal,  which  can  be  made  at  a very  low  cost ; and 
the  finer  grades  of  iron  can  nowhere  be  manufactured  more  cheapl}',  or 
of  superior  quality.  The  unexcelled  quality  and  inexhaustible  quantity 
of  the  iron  ore  in  and  about  Demorest,  will  soon  make  it  a great  center 
for  the  manufacture  of  the  finer  grades  of  iron. 

The  precious  metal,  gold,  exists  in  paying  quantities  in  many  places 
in  the  town  and  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  Some  mines  near  are 
worked  by  hand  labor,  and  even  with  these  crude  methods  yield  fair 
returns.  In  Currahee  Mountain  and  the  foot  hills  of  the  Blue  Ridge 
range,  rich  silver  ores  have  been  found.  Lead,  corundum,  cyanite, 
asbestos,  mica,  manganese,  serpentine,  talc,  graphite,  and  other  min- 
erals are  found  in  different  parts  of  Habersham  County.  A large  vein 
■of  perfectly  pure  siliceous  rock  crops  out  near  Demorest,  furnishing 
abundance  of  the  best  material  for  making  glass  of  every  grade. 

The  American  Cyclopedia  (edition  i88i,  Vol.  VIII.,  page  365)  says 
of  Habersham  County:  “Iron  is  abundant;  rubies,  carnelians,  and 

occasionally  diamonds,  have  been  found.  The  gold  mines  were  for- 
merly among  the  richest  in  the  State.”’ 

The  region  abounds  in  valuable  timber.  Pine,  the  universal  necessity , 
is  plenty,  and  pine  lumber  is  sold  and  delivered  at  very  low  rates.  Ine.x- 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


1 1 I 


haustlble  quantities  of  valuable  oak  cover  the  large  area  of  country  be- 
tween Demorest  and  the  mountains  on  the  northwest.  White  oak, 
chestnut  oak,  Spanish  oak,  post  oak,  and  many  other  varieties,  are  so 
plentiful  that  they  are  being  cut  merely  for  the  bark,  which  is  sold  at 
such  low  prices  that  large  profits  are  made  in  tanning  leather.  Several 
of  these  varieties  of  oak  are  suitable  for  manufacture  of  the  finest  furni- 
ture ; others  for  wagon  and  carriage  timber  and  many  other  purposes. 
Poplar,  hickory,  ash,  elm,  maple,  hackberry,  sycamore  and  other  woods 
grow  more  or  less  plentifully. 

One  Most  Desirable  Feature  of  Demorest  as  a resort  for  plea- 
sure seekers  and  invalids  will  always  b.e  the  business  life  and  activity, 
drawing  the  attention  of  the  health-seeker  from  his  own  ills  and  engross- 
ing him  with  other  interests. 

The  Name  Demorest  was  given  to  the  town  in  honor  of  that 
widely-known  philanthropist,  educator  and  temperance  leader,  W.  Jen- 
nings Demorest  of  New  York.  The  compliment  to  Mr.  Demorest  was 
genuine  and  unsolicited,  he  having  no  information  of  the  intention  nor 
of  the  name  having  been  bestowed  until  months  after  the  founding  of 
the  town. 

As  would  be  supposed  from  the  name  selected,  the  Company  have 
decreed  perpetual  banishment  of  saloons,  gambling  and  prostitution. 
A clause  in  their  deeds  provides  for  forfeiture  of  the  title  if  the  owner 
wilfully  permits  these  vices  to  flourish  on  his  premises.  Many  towns 
have  been  built  on  the  plan  of  excluding  saloons,  and  they  have  always 
been  strikingly  successful  in  their  development.  Demorest  has  the  addi- 
tional attraction  for  a moral  people  that  it  will  not  allow  either  of  the 
three  greatest  vices  to  find  a harbor  in  the  community. 

The  Word  Home  in  the  name  of  the  Demorest  Company  indi- 
cates their  plan  of  building  a city,  viz. : for  every  man  to  build  and  own 
and  beautify  a home.  This  plan  ensures  a substantial,  law-abiding 
citizenship,  among  whom  it  is  a pleasure  to  make  a residence. 

W^ater  Power  for  mills  and  factories  is  abundant  in  the  town  and 
surrounding  it.  The  many  water  powers  are  all  to  be  utilized  in  driving 
machinery. 

One  has  but  to  visit  New  England  to  become  impressed  with  the 
importance  of  water  powers  as  wealth  producers.  By  the  side  of  every 
“ tumbling  torrent  ” in  these  States  the  shrewd  investor  has  built  a mill, 
and  thus  aided  in  the  development  of  a vast  industrial  system,  which 


I 12 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


supports  a dense  population.  With  no  broad  stretches  of  fertile  farming 
lands,  with  little  mineral  wealth,  with  almost  no  valuable  timber  remain- 
ing, New  England  steadily  maintains  her  commercial  ascendancy,  and 
holds  within  her  limits  more  accumulated  wealth  than  any  similar  area 
in  the  world. 


Lake  Demorest. 

On  the  rich,  level  prairies  of  the  West,  vastly  productive  in  raw- 
material,  with  exhaustless  beds  of  cheap  coal  underlying  the  fertile 
fields,  with  millions  of  consumers  around  them,  north,  south,  east  and 
west,  capital  has  been  invested  in  mills  and  factories  run  by  steam  to 
make  the  goods  used  in  the  West,  and  compete  with  the  East  for  the 
industrial  supremacy.  And  yet  the  cheap  water  power  of  New  England 
has  won  the  victory.  Steam  cannot  win  in  such  a contest. 


HEAI.TH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


I 1.3 


If  New  England  cities,  handicapped  by  so  many  disadvantages,  with 
little  natural  resources  remaining,  with  a foreign  country  on  one  side 
and  a wide  ocean  on  two  other  sides,  can  freight  their  raw  naterial 
thousands  of  miles  and  then  return  their  manufactured  articles  over  the 
same  highways,  and  still  retain  their  prestige  as  manufacturing  centres 
because  of  their  abundant  and  cheaply  used  water  powers.  Demorest 
will  accomplish  more  with  her  vastly  greater  natural  advantages,  with 
equally  good  water  powers,  with  markets  near  at  home,  and  with  far 
fewer  obstacles  to  overcome. 

Here  the  producer  may  deliver  his  cotton,  wool,  logs,  or  bolts  direct 
from  the  farm  and  forest  to  the  door  of  the  mill,  and  buy  for  home 
comfort  and  convenience  commodities  made  at  home  with  no  expensive 
freight  rates  added  to  their  cost.  Shipping  raw  material  a thousand 
miles  to  the  mill  to  be  manufactured  and  shipped  back  is  a policy  of 
industrial  servitude  which  long  impoverished  the  South,  but  the  day  of 
its  deliverance  is  at  hand. 

Routes  and  Rates  of  Fare  and  Freight. — Visitors  from  the 
Northwest  go  by  way  of  Atlanta.  Fare  from  Chicago  to  Demorest, 
$23.80;  from  Cincinnati.  $15  35.  Visitors  from  the  East  and  Northeast 
take  Piedmont  Air  Line  from  Washington.  Fare  from  Boston,  via  all- 
rail route,  $3 1 .60  ; via  steamer  to  Norfolk,  and  thence  by  rail,  $26.60. 
Freight  rates  on  household  furniture  from  New  York  or  Philadelphia, 
billed  to  Cornelia,  Georgia,  less  than  carloads,  seventy-eight  cents  per 
100  lbs.  ; full  carloads,  fifty-two  cents  per  100  lbs.  From  Boston  or 
Providence,  five  cents  more  per  100  lbs.  From  Chicago,  less  than  car 
loads,  ninety-seven  cents  per  100  lbs. 

The  Company  has  its  principal  office  at  Demorest,  Habersham 
County,  Georgia.  For  the  convenience  of  Eastern  investors  and  in- 
quirers an  office  is  also  open  at  No.  282  Washington  street.  Room  3, 
Boston,  Mass.,  where  C.  Anthony  Tuell,  the  Eastern  Manager,  may 
be  seen  at  any  time  and  where  full  information  be  obtained. 


A View  of  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains. 


YDismarck  recently  wrote  to  an  aged  vineyard  owner  on  the  Rhine  as 
Jl/  follows  ; “ r envy  you  your  o''cupation  hi  the  eve  of  your  life.  The 
vegetable  kingdom  repays  our  tender  care  in  its  behalf  far  more  satis- 
factorily than  politics.  It  was  the  beau  ideal  of  my  earlier  years  to  pic- 
ture myself  as  a gray  haired  man,  free  from  care,  tending  his  garden 
with  pruning-knife  in  hand." 


The  Biemann  Hotel,  Walhalla. 

One  can  hardly  conceive  of  a more  delightful  occupation  than  the 
care  of  a fruit  garden  or  vineyard  in  Walhalla,  a pleasant  little  moun- 
tain city  in  the  Piedmont  Region  of  South  Carolina,  the  county  seat  of 
Oconee  County,  the  present  terminus  of  the  Blue  Ridge  Railroad,  con- 
necting at  Seneca,  eight  miles  distant,  with  the  Piedmont  Air  Line  Rail- 


Il6  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

road,  affording  direct  and  frequent  communication  with  the  North. 
The  many  thousands  whose  feet  are  turning  southward  for  homes  in 
which  they  can  enjoy  health,  happiness,  and  plenty,  cannot  fail  to 
appreciate  the  extraordinary  inducements  offered  by  Walhalla.  The 


The  Cliffs. 

people  are  intelligent,  refined,  generous  and  hospitable,  and  to  everv- 
one  who  seeks  a home  in  their  midst  a warm  Southern  welcome  is  e.x- 
tended  and  a stranger  is  made  to  feel  that  he  is  among  friends  upon 
whom  he  could  rely  if  misfortune  should  befall  him. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


H7 


Walhalla  was  originally  settled  by  Germans,  the  first  building  hav- 
ing been  erected  by  Diedrich  Biemann  in  1851  and  now  has  a popula- 
tion of  about  thirteen  hundred,  with  live,  energetic  business  men,  whose 
stores  would  do  honor  to  a much  larger  place.  The  citv  extends  for 
three  miles,  and  is  having  a steady,  healthy  growth.  Unlike  most  other 
sections  of  South  Carolina,  the  whites  outnumber  the  blacks  more  than 
three  to  one,  the  population  representing  several  nationalities,  chiefly 
German  and  English,  a progressive,  thrifty  people,  as  is  evidenced  by 
the  attractive  appearance  of  the  houses  and  vineyards,  which  for  miles 
line  the  principle  street.  While  Walhalla  cannot  boast  of  any  magni- 


Residence  of  Otto  H.  Schumacher,  Walhalla. 


■ficent  churches,  she  has  substantial  church  buildings  that  will  compare 
favorably  with  those  of  other  cities  of  equal  population.  They  are  six 
in  number — Presbyterian,  Lutheran,  Methodist,  Episcopal,  Baptist, 
and  the  West  Union  Baptist.  The  Lutheran  church  has  a fine  clock 
in  the  steeple.  Walhalla  has  an  efficient  fire  department,  an  excellent 
trotting  park  located  in  the  outskirts  of  the  city,  an  opera  house  owned 
by  Mr.  John  Kaufmann  who  is  an  extensive  builder  and  lumber  dealer. 


Ii8 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


The  city  boasts  of  many  attractive  residences  and  has  excellent  edu- 
cational advantages.  The  Walhalla  Female  College  under  the  efficient 
management  of  Prof.  H.  G.  Reed,  is  in  a prosperous  condition.  The 
Oconee  Vine  Growers  and  Fruit  Distilling  Association  have  recently 
erected  a large  distillery,  and  are  doing  a thriving  business  ; — and  the 
Oconee  wines  are  finding  a market  in  the  large  cities  of  the  Union. 


The  Waterfall, 


Walhalla  has  a model  weekh'  newspaper,  the  Keowee  Courier,  pub- 
lished by  Messrs.  Thompson,  Smith  and  Jacques,  and  our  readers  who 
would  know  more  of  this  favored  locality  would  gain  all  desired  informa- 
tion from  a year’s  subscription.  Send  to  the  publishers  for  a sample 
copy. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


119 


Hotels. — The  Biemann  House,  which  is  kept  by  Messrs.  Biemann 
& Son,  is  substantial  and  roomy  and  is  well  patronized  by  the  travel- 
ling public  (see  engraving).  Messrs.  Biemann  & Son  are  extensive 
land  owners,  and  have  erected  many  buildings,  and  are  engaged  in 


Summer  in  the  Piedmont  Region. 

numerous  enterprises  in  Walhalla  and  vicinity.  A new  house,  the 
Norman  Park  Hotel  is  in  progress  of  construction,  which  will  be  well 
patronized  as  soon  as  opened  to  guests. 


120 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


A cheerful,  homelike  place  is  the  Faculty  Hill  Boarding  house,  on 
College  St.,  convenient  to  the  station,  kept  by  H.  P.  Terhune,  formerly 
of  Hackensack,  New  Jersey  — guests  will  be  assured  a hearty  welcome 
and  will  find  an  excellent  table.  See  description  on  another  page. 
Walhalla  has  also  other  boarding  houses. 


Near  Good  Trout  Fishing, 

Health.  — The  health  of  Walhalla  is  probably  unexcelled  by  that 
of  any  town  or  city  in  the  South  or  in  the  United  States,  perhaps  from 
the  fact  that  it  is  built  upon  a foundation  of  granite,  a quarry  of  which 
is  now  being  worked  within  the  city  limits. 

Drainage  is  perfect,  and  no  epidemics  have  ever  visited  the  city. 

The  locality  is  high  and  dry  — the  elevation  being  looo  feet  above 
the  sea,  with  pure  freestone  water.  The  conditions  for  health  all  the 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


121 


year  are  unsurpassed.  Invalids  are  aware  that  a dry  atmosphere  is  as 
•essential  to  the  comfort  and  restoration  to  health  of  those  suffering  with 
pulmonary  diseases  as  any  other  beneficial  conditions.  The  altitude  of 
Walhalla  and  its  favorable  surroundings,  contribute  to  envelope  it  with 
a pure  atmosphere,  with  less  humidity  than  is  found  in  most  Southern 
Resorts,  as  the  dense  fogs  so  prevalent  in  many  towns  are  almost  un- 
known here.  Malaria  is  an  unknown  disease,  and  the  mild  winter  cli- 
mate is  such  that  out  door  occupations  can  be  followed  nearly  every  day, 
and  out  door  exercise  can  always  be  indulged  in  by  the  invalid  with 


Residence  of  Dr.  D.  B.  Darby,  Walhalla. 


pleasure  and  profit.  The  crisp,  cool  mornings  are  invigorating,  and  the 
balmy  air  is  full  of  healing  to  the  diseased  lungs. 

A Physician’s  Testimony.  — “There  is  no  healthier  locality 
than  Walhalla,  for  lung  and  throat  affections.  It  is  protected  from  the 
chilling  blasts  of  the  Northwest,  on  account  of  its  situation  at  the 
foot  of  the  mountains,  which  almost  surround  it.  The  atmosphere  is 
dry  and  invigorating — fogs  we  seldom  have,  and  less  moisture  here 
than  north  or  south  of  us,  which  is  a great  advantage  to  those  suffer- 
ing from  lung  affections.  In  a practice  here  of  14  years,  I have  never 
treated  but  two  natives  with  consumption,  nor  have  I ever  known  of  20 


122 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


persons  dying  in  the  county  with  it.  Those  persons  who  have  come 
here  before  a breaking  down  of  tissue  (suppuration),  have  improved  in 
general  health  and  especially  in  weight.  Situated  on  a ridge  with 
natural  drainage,  we  are  free  from  stagnant  water,  marshes,  &c.  No 
malaria  has  ever  originated  here  or  vicinity  ; those  coming  here  suffering 
from  it  soon  recuperate.  For  emaciated  and  teething  children,  it  is  the 
finest  climate  in  the  world  — winter  not  too  severe,  nor  summer  too 


The  Kaufmann  Opera  House,  Walhalla, 

hot — cold  nights,  with  refreshing  mountain  breeze.  ;iure  spring  and 
well  water,  with  beautiful  walks  and  drives. 

Below,  find  temperature  of  winter  and  summer  of  1887  — the  former 


e.xceptionally  cold  : 

January,  mean  temperature  above® 28 

February,  “ “ ° 52 

March,  •*  “ ..  o 

June,  “ “•  ° 74 

July,  ••  ° ....80 

August,  “ •*  ..  o 

Coldest  day  in  1887 4 

Coldest  day  in  1888 ° 14 


This  shows  that  we  have  no  extremes  in  winter  or  summer,  which 
makes  this  a desirable  place  for  invalids,  as  they  can  be  out  in  the  fresh 


A Mountain  Cascade. 


124 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


and  invigorating  air  most  of  the  time,  which,  of  itself,  has  great 
strengthening  qualities,  and  is  a good  appetizer.” 

D.  B.  DARBY,  M.D. 

The  soil  in  and  about  Walhalla  is  good  with  a stiff,  dry  subsoil  re- 
taining fertilizers  and  producing  good  crops.  The  staple  products  are 


A Mountain  View. 

cotton,  sweet  and  white  potatoes,  sorghum,  and  all  the  grasses,  corn, 
rye,  wheat,  barley,  oats,  peas,  rice,  buckwheat,  tobacco  and  the  usual 
vegetables.  Fruits  do  well,  particularly  apples  and  peaches,  but,  while 
it  is  the  natural  home  of  the  strawberry  and  blackberry',  it  may  well  be 
denominated  the  “land  of  the  vine,”  for,  whether  in  forest  or  vineyard 
the  grape  is  as  much  at  home  here  as  on  the  famous  islands  of  Lake 


A trip  through  the  hill  country  of  South  Carolina. 


L.:. 


126 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Erie  or  the  hillsides  of  France;  indeed  the  sunny  slopes  of  France,  or 
•the  vine-clad  hills  of  California  produce  no  finer  grapes  than  are  suc- 
cessfully cultivated  in  the  vineyards  of  Walhalla. 

The  vine  yields  bounteously  and  the  size,  color  and  flavor  of  the 
grape  would  do  honor  to  the  best  vineyards  of  the  continent.  Many 
well  cultivated  vineyards  are  to  be  seen  and  many  cellars  are  stored 
with  wine,  yet  there  are  thousands  of  southerly  exposures  along  the  hill- 
sides that  will  some  day  reflect  the  glories  of  a new  Italy  redolent  with 
the  green  and  crimson  and  purple  of  the  vintage  and  wine  press. 

If  there  is  anywhere  in  this  great  Union  a region  especially  conse- 
crated by  good  Mother  Nature  to  fruit  growing  and  gardening,  it  is  in 
this  famous  Piedmont  region  of  South  Carolina,  and  I know  of  no  region 
west  of  the  Alleghanies  that  offers  a more  promising  field  of  enterprise 
to  practical  fruit  growers  than  this. 

The  following  article  from  one  of  Walhalla’s  most  extensive  grape 
growers,  formerly  a Union  soldier  will  be  read  with  interest : 

“After  extensive  travel  almost  over  the  whole  world  and  visiting 
nearly  every  grape  growing  district  in  the  same,  I will  say,  that  as  a 
grape  growing  country,  this  section  has  no  superior. 

“With  us  the  cultivation  of  the  grape  is  an  industry  which  is  rapidly 
increasing  in  importance,  and  nowhere  can  it  be  so  advantageously 
carried  on  as  in  this  much  favored  locality.  The  peculiarity  of  climate 
giving  it  many  of  the  characteristics  of  France,  Suisse  and  Italy, 
and  the  grapes  grown  on  our  sunny  eastern  and  southern  slopes,  are  of 
such  a character  and  yield  in  such  quantities,  that  they  bid  fair  to  rival 
with  the  products  of  France  and  Germany,  with  a good  show  of  win- 
ning rank  equal  at  least  to  that  held  by  them.  The  testimonies  of 
practical  grape  growers  may  be  taken  regarding  this  which  all  unite  in 
declaring  that  there  is  a peculiar  and  favorable  combination  of  soil, 
■climate  and  situation  in  this  county  which  produces  all  varieties  of 
grapes,  not  only  in  abundance,  but  of  the  choicest  quality.  Soil  often 
pronounced  worthless,  has  been  known  to  grow  grapes  which  might 
well  rival  with  the  best  in  the  market. 

“ The  vines  are  vigorous  and  thrifty,  and  frost  and  cold  winters  never 
injure  them.  Scientific  researches  and  experience  have  shown  this  to 
be  the  natural  home  of  the  grape,  and  is  now  everywhere  pronounced 
as  the  best  and  most  productive  grape-growing  locality  this  side  of  the 
Alleghany  Mountains.  To  illustrate  it  further,  I make  mention  that  at 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


127 


the  New  Orleans  Exposition,  we  had  an  exhibit  of  74  varieties  of 
grapes,  which  exhibit  can  still  be  seen  at  the  State  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, in  Columbia,  S.  C.  Since  having  made  this  exhibit,  the  num- 
ber of  varieties  has  reached  more  than  100.  Grape-growing  being  yet 
in  its  infancy,  we  have  in  the  last  seven  years  planted  over  70,000  vines. 


A Day’s  Shooting  In  Oconee  County, 

and  as  our  people  are  getting  more  and  more  interested  in  this  most 
profitable  agricultural  pursuit,  it  will  not  be  many  years  when  every 
available  and  now  really  worthless  hillside  will  be  producing  the  deli- 
cious grape. 

“To  further  illustrate  what  can  be  realized  by  grape  culture,  the  fol- 
lowing figures  will,  no  doubt,  be  of  interest : A one-acre  vineyard 


128 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


planted  in  i88i,  with  680  vines,  produced  in  1884,  as  its  first  croo.  310 
gallons  of  pure  juice;  in  1885,  640  gallons;  in  1886,  530  gallons  — be- 


A Northern  Settler’s  Opinion.  — “In 
the  year  1884  rny  health  broke  down.  I suftered 
from  malaria  and  throat  disease,  which  gradually 


sides  more  than  one 
ton  of  grapes  sold 
in  tlie  home  market 
at  six  cents  per 
pound.  360  gallons 
of  ^^■ine  were  made 
in  1887,  and  over 
two  tons  of  grapes 
sold  at  an  average 
price  of  eight  cents 
per  pound. 

■ ‘ Having  been  a 
Union  soldier  dur- 
ing the  late  war,  it 
speaks  well  for  my 
adopted  home  by  mentioning  that 
I have  already  held  a prominent 
public  office  in  this  county,  and 
that  my  stay  among  these  hospi- 
table Southern  people  has  been  ot 
the  most  pleasant  nature.’ 

G.  WANNER. 


grew  worse,  after  trying  a number  of  physicians  without  an\  benefit  I 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


129 


concluded  to  try  a change  of  climate.  I first  visited  Florida,  then  tried 
the  Berkshire  Hills,  of  Massachusetts,  afterwards  I went  to  the  moun- 
tains of  Western  North  Carolina,  all  without  any  good  results,  and  in 
the  spring  of  1887  I arrived  in  Walhalla  and  hearing  such  good  reports 
of  the  climate  here,  concluded  to  try  it  faithfully.  It  was  nearly  a 
year  before  I noticed  any  particular  benefit ; after  that  I began  to  im- 
prove slowly  but  surely.  Up  to  last  fall  I could  not  lie  on  my  right 
side  in  bed,  now  I can  lie  anyway,  my  cough  has  entirely  left  me,  and 
all  without  the  aid  of  medicine.  I consider  the  climate  here  unsur- 
passed by  any  other  location  of  which  I have  any  knowledge.  I believe 
most  people  similarly  affected  would  be  greatly  benefited  by  a sojourn 
in  this  place.” 

N.  P.  Terhune. 

Walhalla,  Aug.  22,  1889. 


Walhalla  is  the  starting  point  for  visitors  to  Highlands  and  other 
points  in  North  Carolina,  and  good  conveyances  can  always  be  had  at 
the  Walhalla  livery  stable  which  is  well  equipped. 

The  following  letter  from  Dr.  Fahnestock,  formerly  of  Ohio,  so 
truthfully  describes  the  real  state  of  society  in  the  Piedmont  region, 
that  we  copy  it  (in  part)  from  the  Walhalla  Pamphlet  which  was  issued 
by  the  citizens  of  Walhalla.* 

“ That  my  health  was  slowly  but  none  the  less  surely  failing,  forced 
itself  upon  me  day  by  day,  and  that  something  must  be  done  to  stay 
the  fell  destroyer,  I felt  could  not  be  done  too  soon,  and  hearing  of 
the  salubrious  climate,  pure  air  and  good  water  of  the  Piedmont  re- 
gion of  South  Carolina,  I concluded  to  test  the  matter  for  myself,  and 
was  soon  on  my  way  to  the  ‘ Sunny  South,”  and  in  due  time  arrived 
at  Walhalla. 

“ Before  leaving  Cincinnati  some  of  my  friends  thought  I was  about 
to  undertake  a hazardous  journey,  and  reminded  me  that  the  average 
Southerner  was  an  individual  who  devoted  considerable  of  his  time  to 
‘ fire-eating,’ and  prowling  about  seeking  whom  he  might  devour.  I 
ventured  the  opinion  that  human  nature  was  about  the  same  the  world 
over ; that  I thought  the  ‘ average  Southerner  ’ had  been  very  much 
misrepresented,  and  that,  so  far  as  my  experience  went,  gentlemanly 
conduct  would  command  respect  in  any  civilized  community. 

“ I remained  in  Walhalla  and  vicinity  about  two  months,  during 
which  time  I rode  ‘ by  my  lone  self’  over  a large  part  of  Oconee 

^(Copies  may  be  obtained  at  our  Boston  Office  or  will  be  mailed  post  paid  on 
application.) 


J30 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


County,  and  still  retained  my  scalp.  Had  never  been  more  kindly 
treated  by  entire  strangers  — as  all  were  to  me  — in  any  countr}',  and 
could,  did  space  permit,  relate  many  pleasant  incidents,  illustrative  of 
hospitality  which  occurred  on  my  travels  through  the  mountains. 

“ ‘As  deeds  speak  louder  than  words,’  I will  say,  that  before  leaving 
Walhalla,  about  December  23rd,  1875,  I rented  a farm  three  miles 
from  town,  and  six  weeks  later  removed  to  the  same  for  a year’s  trial. 
Being  pretty  well  satisfied  with  things  generally,  on  June  ist,  follow- 
ing, I bought  the  farm,  and  as  I continue  to  be  pretty  well  satisfied 
with  my  surroundings,  I have  no  thought  of  making  a change. 

“ My  health  has  been  fully  restored,  and  that  of  my  family — outside 
of  extraordinary  occasions  — has  been  so  robust,  that  less  than  ten 
dollars  sufficed  to  pay  all  doctor’s  bills. 

“ Our  spring  weather  may  be  said  to  begin  about  the  middle  of 
February  and  continues,  with  the  exception  of  an  occasional  frost}' 
morning  — pleasant  through  March  and  April.  May  warms  up  things 
generally,  and  June  does  so  particularly,  as  I have  seen  the  mercury  rise 
higher  in  this  month  than  in  any  other.  During  July  and  August  the 
temperature  from  noon  to  3 P.M.,  varies  from  85  to  92,  seldom  over 
that,  and  I have  never  known  it  to  go  above  98  in  the  shade. 

“ Folks  in  the  North  are  very  much  mistaken,  in  supposing  that  it  is 
hotter  here  than  there.  Who  ever  heard  of  a case  of  sunstroke  in 
this  Piedmont  region?  No  one  ; hence  it  causes  us  to  smile  when  we 
hear  the  remark,  ‘ it  is  too  hot  to  go  South  in  summer.’ 

“From  twenty-five  to  thirty  miles  north  of  Walhalla,  a little  fire 
upon  the  hearth-stone  after  sun  down,  is  considered  just  the  thing,  so 
it  may  easily  be  seen  how  we  can,  within  an  easy  day’s  drive,  get  into 
a temperature  as  low  as  sixty  degrees  or  less  in  mid-summer. 

“ The  time,  I think,  is  not  very  far  distant  when  people  of  the  North, 
who,  for  their  health’s  sake,  punish  themselves  by  crowding  into  a 
seven  by  nine  room  fully  occupied  by  mosquitoes  — at  some  fashion- 
able summer  resort,  will  learn  that  we  have  a country  and  climate 
where  health  and  comfort  may  be  promoted  and  enjoyed  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year ; Autumn  beats  them  all,  and  it  frequently  continues  mild 
and  pleasant  far  into  December.  Winter  — our  very  roughest  weather 
— comes  in  between  the  latter  part  of  December  and  the  latter  part 
of  January.  One  morning  only  during  1879,  again  in  1884,  the 
mercury  went  down  to  five  degrees  below  zero.  With  these  two  ex- 
cpptions,  our  coldest  weather  has  ranged  froni  ten  to  fifteen  degrees 


High  and  Invigorating;  frae  from  Malaria, 


132 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


above  zero.  As  our  ‘cold  snaps’  are  very  short  and  very  few,  the 
soil  freezes  but  an  inch  or  two  in  depth,  and  plowing  is  done  with 
slight  interruption  throughout  the  winter. 

“That  this  is  a good  climate  for  persons  affected  with  throat  and 
lung  diseases,  there  can  be  no  doubt.  A friend  of  mine  from  Cincin- 
nati, being  afflicted  with  asthma  and  hay-fever,  during  two  years’  resi- 
dence on  my  farm,  never  had  a symptom  of  either.  A young  man 
living  in  Ohio  had  consumption  with  profuse  hemorrhages.  He  came 
to  my  house  in  September,  1887,  and  remained  there  until  January, 
when  he  said  he  felt  well  enough  to  go  to  work.  1 hired  him  for  a 
year,  and  he  took  the  lead  in  the  field  that  year,  and  is  now  in  Ohio, 
alive  and  well.  What  might  have  been,  had  he  remained  there  was 
clear  to  his  mind.  I could  mention  many  more  cases,  but  these  must 
suffice. 

“ I came  to  this  country  for  the  benefit  of  my  health,  and  to  me  be- 
longs the  increase.  I therefore  praise  the  bridge  that  carried  me  over 
safely.  I remain  here  because  I like  this  country,  the  climate,  the 
people,  and  because  I believe  there  is  more  outcome  here  than  in  any 
section  with  which  I am  acquainted.  Being  fully  persuaded  that  had 
I remained  in  the  land  of  snow  and  ice,  I would,  long  since,  have 
passed  to  that  bourne  from  whence  there  is  no  material  return,  as  many 
my  friends  have  since  done  — who,  had  they  taken  time  by  the  fore- 
lock, might  now  be  here.  Still  others  are  in  the  same  boat,  and  the 
pale  ferryman  is  silently  pulling  for  the  other  shore.  They  too,  as  the 
seasons  come  and  go,  will  pass  over  to  the  vast  majority,  if  they  do 
not  flee  from  the  land  of  rigorous  winters,  to  this  more  genial  clime. 
Here  they  mav  enjoy  years  of  usefulness  in  a section  that  but  for  an 
institution  now  passed  and  gone,  would  have  been  one  of  the  richest 
portion  of  the  States.  The  advance  has  begun  and  now  moves  on 
apace.  Judging  by  the  rapid  progress  in  the  South  during  the  decade 
just  passed,  our  future  is  bright  and  still  brightening.  Tarry  not  by 
the  wayside,  ye  who  would  add  to  your  days,  or  ye  who  wish  to  avoid 
further  acquaintance  with  that  terrible  depredator  — the  blizzard  — 
which  here  is  unknown.  Come,  help  us  develop,  enrich  and  enjoy  the 
many  advantages  of  this  region,  and  amid  peace  and  plenty,  add  to  the 
years  that  are  yours  ; years  that  are  in  your  own  hands,  to  prolong  or 
curtail,  as  to  thee  seemeth  best.” 

Thos.  G.  C.  Fahnestock. 

“Woodlawn  Farm,”  Oconee  County,  S.  C. 


Returning  from  the  Mountains. 


134 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Strangers  have  but  little  idea  of  the  character  of  this  climate  during 
the  summer  months.  The  winters  being  mild  and  pleasant,  they  nat- 
urally conclude,  without  investigation,  that  the  summers  must  neces- 
sarily be  hot  and  disagreeable  which  is  a great  mistake.  The  nights 
are  generally  cool  and  comfortable,  and  there  is  probably  no  more 
enjoyable  a summer  climate,  all  things  considered,  than  that  of  Wal- 
halla.  The  streets  are  wide  and  clean  and  the  beatiful  trees  for  which 
the  town  is  famous  cast  their  grateful  shade  along  the  principal  street. 

The  Stump  House  Tunnel,  situated  a short  drive  from  Wal- 
halla,  is  a favorite  resort  for  picnic  parties.  This  gigantic  undertaking 
was  begun  nearly  thirty  years  ago,  and  operations  were  discontinued 
by  reason  of  the  civil  war,  after  boring  nearly  a mile  into  the  mountain. 

Isaquena  Falls,  located  within  a short  distance  from  this  tunnel, 
is  a picturesque  and  wonderful  display  of  natu’-e.  To  borrow  the 
words  of  a visitor,  “ For  more  than  a hundred  feet  the  splashing 
waters  are  dashed  to  spray  as  they  fall  from  one  rocky  trellis  to  an- 
other until  received  into  glassy  pools  at  the  bottom.  Like  a veil  the 
waters  curtain  their  precipitous  pathway,  while  here  and  there  mosses 
and  ferns  add  variety  and  cheerfulness. 

“ Two  legends  add  to  the  interest  and  romance  of  the  falls.  From 
one  their  name  is  derived.  As  both  agree  in  several  important  regards, 
the  presumption  is  a fair  one  that  they  contain  some  particle  of  truth. 
According  to  one,  which  is  perhaps  the  most  generally  received,  many 
years  ago  two  Indian  tribes,  upon  the  top  of  an  adjoining  mountain, 
met  in  battle  array  to  settle  by  stern,  unyielding  conflict  their  savage 
differences.  Of  the  defeated  tribe  but  a single  soul  escaped  — an 
Indian  girl  — Isaquena,  who,  fleeing  for  her  life,  jumped  from  the 
ragged  top  over  the  falls  and,  falling  uninjured  upon  one  of  the  ter- 
races, plunged  through  the  curtaining  waters  and  under  a sheltering 
rock  behind  them  found  life  and  safety.  According  to  the  other,  two 
persons  — an  Indian  girl  and  her  lover  — escaped  the  cruel  weapons  of 
their  conquerors  to  find  a common  death  in  leaping  over  the  falls.’’ 

It  is  proposed  to  conduct  the  water  from  this  stream  to  the  city 
which  now  depends  upon  wells  and  springs  for  its  water  supply. 
There  are  many  other  beautiful  waterfalls  and  cascades  within  easy 
driving  distance  which  will  well  repay  a visit. 


©H©Gil. 


Which  is  one  of  South  Carolina’s  youngest  cities,  contains  less  than 
one  thousand  people,  but  is  steadily  Increasing.  Situated  in  the 
southern  part  of  the  Alpine  division  of  the  famous  Piedmont  region,  a 
section  noted  for  the  salubrity  of  its  climate,  the  fertility  of  its  soil,  the 
purity  of  its  water  and  the  hospitality  of  its  citizens. 


The  elevation  of  the  city  is  one  thousand  feet  above  the  sea,  with  a 
delightful  climate,  the  average  summer  temperature  being  73°,  and 


The  Railway  Station  at  Seneca, 


in  the  winter  the  average  temperature  is  43°,  with  only  an  occasional 
snow  storm,  the  snow  remaining  upon  the  ground  but  a short  time. 

Seneca  is  situated  on  the  Piedmont  Line,  120  miles  from  Atlanta 
and  on  the  Blue  Ridge  Railroad,  eight  miles  from  Walhalla,  its  pre- 
sent terminus. 

Seneca  has  four  churches,  Presbyterian,  Episcopal,  Baptist  and 
Methodist,  while  the  colored  people  have  churches  of  their  own. 


136 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


There  are  no  saloons,  and  the  city  grants  no  licenses  to  sell  liquor. 

The  schools  are  good.  The  school  district  extends  over  an  area  of 
five  miles  of  territory,  thus  giving  the  farmers  living  in  the  suburbs  the 
same  school  advantages  as  residents  of  the  city.  The  schools  are 
graded,  the  high  school  being  under  an  accomplished  principal  where 
students  are  prepared  for  college. 

A Masonic  lodge,  a lodge  of  the  Knights  of  Honor,  and  a literary 
society  which  meets  weekly,  are  all  in  a flourishing  condition. 

The  city  has  a live  newspaper  — the  Seneca  Free  Press  — which  has 
done  much  towards  the  improvement  of  the  town. 


The  Keowee  Hotel,  Seneca. 


Hotels. — Many  people  whose  health  requires  a residence  in  the 
South  during  the  winter  months,  find  their  pur.ses  incapable  of  standing 
the  pressure  of  four  dollars  a day  hotels  and  attendant  e.xpenses ; to  all 
such,  the  hotel  and  boarding  houses  of  Seneca  present  superior  induce- 
ments ; good  rooms  and  excellent  board  can  be  obtained  at  reasonable 
rates,  by  the  month  or  season,  and  the  chances  are  that  many  visitors 
will  become  so  attached  to  this  exhilarating  climate  that  they  will 
decide  to  make  their  permanent  homes  in  Oconee  County. 


A Mountain  Stream, 


Taylor’s  Falls  near  Seneca. 

the  property,  Mr.  J.  C.  Cary,  has  recently  put  the  house  in  perfect 
repair  throughout,  and  a good  table,  excellent  beds,  and  good  service 
can  be  depended  upon.  A short  distance  from  the  hotel  is  the  IMineral 
Spring,  the  merits  of  which  were  discovered  in  1877  by  Dr.  J.  W. 
Speerman,  who  tested  it  for  iron  and  found  it  largely  impregnated 
with  that  mineral.  The  analysis  of  Prof.  W.  J . Lane  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  j 


138  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  Keowee  Hotel,  which  is  well  represented  by  our  engraving,, 
is  the  first  object  that  meets  the  eye  of  the  traveller  as  the  train  ap- 
proaches the  station  from  the  south,  and  returning  tourists  will  find 
this  a pleasant  stop-over  place,  and  will  be  assured  of  a cordial  South- 
« ern  welcome  from  the  proprietor.  Col.  F.  A.  Hoke.  The  owner  of 


A Scene  in  Oconee  County. 


140 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


makes  it  contain  the  following  ingredients : iron,  the  sulphate  and 
carbonates  of  lime,  sodium  and  potassium,  with  traces  of  lithium, 
aluminum,  hydrosulphuric  and  carbonic  acid.  Several  wonderful  cures 
are  reported  from  the  use  of  these  waters. 

The  location  of  Seneca  being  upon  an  undulating  plateau  affording 
perfect  drainage,  secures  a degree  of  health  that  can  not  be  surpassed. 
Epidemics  are  unknown.  Dr.  H.  T.  Getchell  who  has  made  the 
climate  of  this  region  a study  says  : “ The  winds  passing  over  these 

heavily  timbered,  hilly  and  mountainous  regions,  are  sponged  of  their 
moisture  and  become  dry,  purified  and  invigorating.  Bronchial  catarrh, 
including  chronic  bronchitis,  whether  the  expectoration  is  scant  or 


profuse ; laryngeal  and  pharyngeal  catarrhs,  especially  those  cases 
complicated  with  aural  troubles,  so  complicated  and  intractable  in  the 
North,  are  readily  cured.”  Seneca  offers  to  persons  in  health,  or  to 
those  in  search  of  it,  substantial  inducements,  either  for  a summer  or 
winter's  visit  or  to  locate  permanently.  Many  advantages  await  those 
of  limited  means,  for  lands  may  be  obtained  at  extraordinarily  low 
prices  and  comfortable  houses  secured  with  all  the  essentials  of  life  and 
many  of  its  luxuries  for  a very  small  sum  of  money.  As  this  region 
becomes  better  known  and  more  fully  understood,  with  its  health  giv- 
ing qualities,  its  bright  sunny  winter  days,  and  its  cool  bracing  nights 
in  summer,  its  church  privileges  for  all  denominations,  the  prevailing 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


I4I 

good  tone  of  its  society,  its  excellent  hotel  and  boarding  houses,  and 
the  very  moderate  prices  charged  for  entertainment,  its  intelligent  and 
skillful  physicians,  prompt  and  efficient  druggists,  live,  energetic  livery 
stable  keepers,  and  attractive  homes  in  and  about  the  city,  when  all 
these  and  the  many  unwritten  attractions  become  known  to  the  people 
of  the  North,  it  is  reasonable  to  presume  that  very  many  will  seek 
this  climate  for  themselves  and  their  families. 

While  cotton  is  the  principal  crop,  mixed  farming  is  the  safest  and 
surest,  and  should  be  the  rule  everywhere ; everything  that  grows  in 
field  or  orchard  will  grow  in  profusion  and  perfection  in  this  warm, 
quick,  deep  and  generous  soil.  Oats,  wheat,  millet,  buckwheat,  rye. 


A Section  ofJ.  W.  Gignilliat's  Vineyard  near  Seneca. 

barley,  corn,  sorghum,  and  broom  corn  are  the  best  and  surest  crops ; 
while  other  field  crops,  such  as  Irish  and  sweet  potatoes,  beans,  peas, 
turnips,  and  a long  list  of  kindred  products  do  well  and  are  grown 
more  or  less  by  every  farmer. 

Although  this  is  a superior  dairy  country,  there  is  not  a creamery 
or  a cheese  factory  in  Oconee  county  and  no  better  opportunity  is 
offered  anywhere  for  New  England  farmers  to  engage  in  this  line  than 
right  here. 

The  climate  favors  the  industry  and  yet  Oconee  County  has  never 
made  half  enough  cheese  to  supply  the  local  demand. 


142 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Manufactures.  — Messrs.  Jarrett  & Hastings  own  vast  tracts  of 
mountain  timber  on  the  head  waters  of  the  Seneca  and  Keowee  rivers 
which  is  the  finest  in  the  South,  and  are  extensive  manufacturers  and 
wholesale  dealers  in  yellow  poplar,  white  pine,  white  ash,  red  gum, 
and  chestnut  lumber. 

These  mills  which  are  situated  on  the  Seneca  river  at  the  crossing  of 
the  R.  & D.  R.R.,  afford  excellent  transportation  facilities,  enabling 
them  to  offer  lumber  at  prices  that  considerably  discount  other 
markets. 


‘‘Fort  Hill,”  the  John  C.  Calhoun  Residence. 

Their  mills,  which  are  well  represented  by  our  engraving,  contain 
the  latest  machinery  with  an  eighteen  horse  power  Atlas  engine. 
Messrs.  Jarrett  & Hastings  have  been  engaged  in  the  lumber  business 
for  the  last  eighteen  years  and  are  becoming  one  of  the  leading  lumber 
concerns  of  South  Carolina. 

R.  H.  S.  Lowery,  who  is  the  pioneer  in  Seneca  manufacturing  enter- 
prise, has  an  extensive  planing  mill  and  also  saw  and  grist  mills  with 
an  extensive  cotton  gin. 

W.  H.  Cole  manufactures  carriages  and  does  all  sorts  of  wood  work. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


143 


A cotton  seed  mill  company  has  recently  been  organized.  Cotton  is 
Seneca's  principal  crop  and  about  6000  bales  are  annually  sold  at  this 
market. 

W.  O.  Hamilton  does  an  extensive  lumber  business. 

The  stock  farm  of  L.  VV.  Jordan  with  his  fine  head  of  Jerseys  is  well 
worth  a visit. 

Messrs.  Thompson  & Lowery  have  a livery  stable  that  would  do 
'honor  to  a large  city.  Conveyance  is  furnished  by  them  for  Highland 
and  other  mountain  resorts. 

Seneca’s  excellent  freight  facilities  give  it  great  advantages  as  a 
trading  point. 

The  business  of  the  past  year  including  6000  bales  of  cotton  and  the 
shipment  of  live  stock,  aggregated  a half  million  dollars.  An  average 
of  one  carload  of  cattle  is  shipped  weekly  from  Seneca,  the  annual 
sales  amounting  to  upwards  of  $30,000. 

Two  great  advantages  which  Seneca  presents  over  many  other  places 
are  the  absence  of  fogs  and  the  exemption  from  malaria. 

Eminent  writers  who  have  made  the  examination  of  climate  and 
healthfulness  a life  study,  declare  that  fevers  and  diseases  of  the 
malarial  character  carry  off  about  one-half  of  mankind,  and  diseases 
of  the  respiratory  organs  one-fourth.  From  malarial  diseases  the 
Piedmont  region  is  probably  more  free  than  any  other  locality  in  the 
South.  When  health  is  the  first  consideration  and  a perfect  sanitarium 
is  offered,  why  will  people  hesitate  in  their  selection  of  a safe  home? 

The  dryness  of  the  atmosphere  and  the  absence  of  stagnant  water, 
prevent  any  malarial  diseases  ; as  one  writer  puts  it,  “ there  is  a steady 
tone  in  the  atmosphere  like  draughts  of  champagne,  it  is  like  Italy’s  cli- 
.mate  except  it  is  not  enervating.”  Nature  was  in  her  most  fruitful 
mood  when  she  fashioned  this  region.  The  wild  fruits  are  everywhere 
Jbountiful.  Blackberries,  which  are  among  the  most  delicious  of  the 
berries,  grow  everywhere,  and  thousands  of  bushels  are  each  year 
wasted  that  should  be  utilized  by  a canning  factory. 

Dried  blackberries  are  as  staple  a commodity  as  dried  peaches  and 
every  market  of  the  world  is  open  to  them. 

North  Carolina  realizes  over  a million  dollars  and  Oconee  county 
could  more  than  treble  the  revenue  she  derives  from  her  crop. 
Peaches,  pears,  apples,  plums,  cherries,  apricots,  quinces,  and  figs 
do  well,  while  strawberries  are  indigenous  to  the  soil  and  the  picnicer 


144 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


frequently  finds  a natural  garden  of  those  delicious  berries  on  which 
he  can  regale  an  appetite  whetted  by  invigorating  exercise.  These  and 
all  other  garden  fruits  are  successfully  cultivated. 

Vineyards  are  to  be  seen  everywhere  and  nowhere  does  the  vine 
flourish  more  luxuriantly. 

One  of  the  best  vineyards  in  this  region  is  that  of  G.  W.  (iignilliat, 
a portion  of  which  is  described  in  the  accompanying  engraving. 

One  of  the  favorite  places  of  interest  in  the  vicinity  is  Fort  Hill,  the 
home  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  South  Carolina’s  greatest  statesman  and 
most  honored  son.  It  has  long  been  a Mecca  for  his  admirers  in  this 
and  adjoining  States,  and  as  time  passes  and  sectional  animosites  are 
forgotten,  it  will  rank  with  Mount  Vernon,  Monticello,  Marshfield,  and 
other  national  shrines.  Our  statesmen  preferred  rural  scenes  to  city 
life,  and  Calhoun  was  no  exception.  Though  a native  of  Abbeville 
county  he  preferred  to  make  his  home  on  Seneca’s  beautiful  river  in 
full  view  of  the  Blue  Ridge  mountains.  The  site  selected  is  a forest 
covered  knoll  overlooking  the  river,  beyond  which  are  the  remains  of 
an  old  Indian  fort,  whence  the  name.  At  the  time  Mr.  Calhoun 
located  there  the  only  means  of  travel  was  by  stage,  but  the  river  run- 
ning near  afforded  ready  transportation  by  way  of  Augusta,  Ga.,  for 
farm  produce  and  plantation  supplies.  The  house  is  built  in  the  style 
prevailing  in  the  country  fifty  years  ago.  The  library  is  detached  from 
the  main  building  and  situated  in  a grove  at  the  rear.  In  front,  some- 
what down  the  slope  of  the  hill  is  a cavern,  entering  which  is  found  a 
well  of  delightful  water  and  a cellar  for  the  storage  of  wine.  To  the 
right  is  a long  low  of  tenement  houses — surrounding  all  these  are 
forests  of  native  growth,  great  oaks,  and  cedars  which  would  vie  with 
those  of  Lebanon.  Beyond,  fields  and  pastures,  green  with  luxuriant 
Bermuda  grass.  A more  pleasant  home  in  which  the  busy  legislator 
could  spend  his  vacations  could  not  be  found.  Mr.  Calhoun  spent 
many  such  vacations  at  Fort  Hill,  but  the  summons  to  another  home 
came  to  him  in  Washington,  March,  1850,  and  his  mortal  remains 
were  buried  in  Charleston,  the  metropolis  of  the  State,  because  of  its 
greater  accessibility.  A splendid  monument  has  recently  been  erected 
to  his  memory  in  the  “City  by  the  Sea,”  but  a far  more  enduring 
monument  is  to  be  found  at  the  home  he  loved  so  well.  His  son-in-law, 
Mr.  J.  C.  Clunson,  who,  as  the  husband  of  his  only  daughter,  inherited 
the  property,  dying  little  more  than  a year  ago,  bequeathed  the  realty. 


A Glimpse  of  the  Valley. 


I 


146 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


and  a large  amount  of  personal  property  to  the  State,  for  the  establish- 
ment of  a college  for  the  training  of  the  youth  of  the  land  in  practical 
agriculture  and  mechanic  arts.  As  soon  as  some  legal  matters  can  be 


ft  Storm  In  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains. 

settled,  steps  will  be  taken  to  found  an  institution  worthy  of  the  great 
.defender  of  the  constitution,  and  of  the  rights  of  the  State  and  people 


a.e  loved  so  well. 


WesfemiFisfeep 


new  and  thriving  town  on  the  Piedmont  Air  Line  Railroad,  no 
miles  east  from  Atlanta,  eight  miles  from  Walhalla  and  nine  miles 
from  Seneca,  in  Oconee  County,  which  is  about  in  the  centre  of  the 
famous  Piedmont  region  of  South  Carolina. 

Westminster  is  situated  on  the  dividing  ridge  of  the  Tugaloo  and 
Seneca  rivers,  surrounded  by  a prosperous  agricultural  country. 


Residence  of  R.  E.  Mason,  Westminster. 

Sixteen  years  ago,  the  only  house  in  the  town  was  a little  building 
I2xi6  feet  then  known  as  the  “Air  Line  Depot,”  but  soon  mills 
sprung  up  in  every  direction  and  the  town  became  noted  as  the  most 
extensive  lumber  market  in  upper  South  Carolina.  Millions  of  feet  of 
lumber  were  shipped  from  this  place  to  help  build  up  other  towns  and 
cities. 


148 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


The  pioneer  in  this  business  is  W.  F.  Parker,  who  owns  vast  tracts 
of  mineral,  farming  and  timber  land  in  this  region.  An  engraving  of 
Mr.  Parker’s  residence,  which  is  surrounded  by  orchards  of  choice  fruit, 
is  found  upon  another  page. 

The  residences  of  Messrs.  R.  E.  Mason  and  A.  Zimmerman  are  also 
represented.  Mr.  Zimmerman  owns  extensive  tracts  of  agricultural  land 
and  will  be  glad  to  correspond  with  parties  wishing  to  locate  in  this 
region. 


A Carolina  Cotton  Field. 

Mr.  Mason  owns  mills  and  extensive  manufacturing  interests  in 
Oconee  County. 

The  surrounding  country  abounds  in  corundum,  iron,  gold,  mica, 
asbestos,  copper,  lime,  granite,  potters’  clay,  soapstone,  marble,  etc. 

Iron  Ore  is  found  in  several  sections  of  the  county  and  before  the 
war  two  iron  foundries  were  in  successful  operation,  and  that  the  future 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


149 


is  bright  for  mineral  development  is  evident  from  the  following  state- 
ment which  we  find  in  a late  Issue  of  the  Greenville  News  : 

“ Capt.  W.  F.  Parker  has  recently  refused  an  offer  of  twenty  thou- 
sand dollars  for  an  interest  in  certain  mineral  lands  which  he  owns  near 
Westminster.  But  the  Captain  realizing  that  he  has  a bonanza  in  the 
mineral  line  is  not  anxious  to  sell  and  declined  the  offer  though  made 
by  a capitalist.” 


Fording  the  Stream, 


Churches. — Westminster  has  three  churches,  Presbyterian,  Meth- 
odist and  Baptist.  The  colored  people  have  a church  of  their  own  ; it 
is  an  intelligent  Christian  community,  almost  every  person  attends 
church  regularly.  The  standard  of  morals  is  high.  There  are  no 
saloons,  and  arrests  for  wrong  doing  are  exceedingly  rare. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


ISO 

Elducation. — The  Westminster  High  school  embraces  all  classes- 
from  the  primary  through  the  common  and  higher  English  branches, 
mathematics,  science  and  the  languages,  fitting  young  men  for  college ; 
vocal  and  instrumental  music  is  included.  The  Academy  building 
which  accommodates  150  pupils  would  do  honor  to  a larger  town. 
Westminster  also  enjoys  her  share  of  benevolent  and  social  organiza- 
tions. The  Knights  of  Honor  and  the  Free  Masons  have  flourishing 
lodges,  composed  of  the  best  men  of  this  region.  The  National  Tem- 
perance Workers  — a new  temperance  organization  which  originated  in 
Westminster  — is  also  in  fine  working  condition. 


Residence  of  A.  Zimmerman,  Westminster. 


The  hotel  and  boarding  houses  are  situated  on  Main  street  near  the 
station. 

New  comers  will  receive  a cordial  welcome  and  will  find  e.xcellent 
openings  for  business.  A large  hotel  for  Northern  visitors  is  badly 
needed.  Factories  are  also  wanted  for  the  manufacture  of  brooms,  bob- 
bins, shoe  pegs,  spokes,  hubs,  felloes,  doors,  sash  and  blinds.  Lumber 
is  abundant  and  cheap.  A brick-maker  will  do  well,  and  there  is  no 
better  opportunity  for  the  establishment  of  a pottery.  Thousands  of 
bushels  of  fruit  decay  each  season  that  could  be  profitably  utilized  by  a. 


The  Magnificent  Scenery  of  the  Mining  Section  of  the  Piedmont,  Region, 


152 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


canning  factory.  There  are  pleasant  drives  through  woods  and  valleys, 
and  within  a few  miles  are  picturesque  water  falls  and  wild  mountainous 
scenery,  and  surrounding  the  town  in  every  direction  are  attractive 
farms  and  vineyards. 

Bee  Culture. — Wild  bees  abound  in  the  woods,  domesticated 
swarms  thrive  in  home  made  hives  and  enjoy  a wide  range  of  field 
and  forest.  Those  who  devote  the  little  care  necessary  to  bee  culture 
are  richly  repaid  with  honey  of  the  most  superior  quality,  in  which  is 
blended  the  sweets  of  every  wild  and  cultivated  flower  that  blooms  in 


Residence  of  W,  F.  Parker,  Westminster. 

endless  variety  and  sweetest  profusion  in  this  soft  Southern  climate. 

The  most  extensive  cultivator  of  the  bee  is  R.  E.  Mason,  who  has 
from  forty  to  sixty  swarms  in  improved  hives  of  his  own  invention, 
which  are  arranged  in  an  unique  apiary  which  is  w'orth  travelling  a long 
distance  to  see. 

Farm  life  in  this  region  is  vastly  more  inviting  than  at  the  North  — 
labor  is  cheap  — good  field  hands  receive  from  fifty  to  sixty  cents  a day 
without  board,  or  from  $6  to  $io  a month  with  board.  The  climate  is 
milder,  the  season  much  longer,  less  fuel  is  required  and  farm  work  is 
rarely  hurried.  One  great  item  in  opening  up  a farm  is  the  cost  of  fen- 


F 


A Stage  Ride  in  the  Piedmont  Region. 


154 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


cing,  but  here  a general  herd  law  is  in  force  and  fences  are  not  needed 
for  the  protection  of  one’s  crops.  The  visitor  may  drive  for  days  in 
sight  of  grain  and  cotton  fields,  orchards  and  vineyards,  with  no  pro- 
tection save  such  as  the  herd  law  affords. 

The  roads  are  excellent,  and  the  principal  streams  are  spanned  by 
substantial  bridges ; but  occasionally  one  meets  with  a ford.  Land 
values  are  remarkably  low.  Wild  lands  of  the  roughest  sort  in  the  hill 
country,  well  situated  for  sheep  farms  and  for  vineyards,  are  selling  all 
the  way  from  $2  to  $6  an  acre,  while  improved  farms  in  and  near  to 
Westminister,  can  be  bought  at  very  reasonable  prices. 

Oconee  County  is  noted  for  the  salubrity  of  its  climate,  its  exten- 
sive water-power  and  the  value  and  extent  of  its  minerals. 

The  Climate  is  a perfect  benediction.  An  elevation  of  1000  feet 
above  the  tides,  with  a clear,  rare,  radiant,  and  invigorating  atmos- 
phere, the  prevailing  wind  from  the  mountains,  long,  genial  and 
friendly  summers,  with  bright,  breezy  diys  and  deliciously  cool  and  re- 
freshing nights ; short,  open,  mild  winters,  with  very  light  and  tran- 
sient snow-fall ; an  all  perv'ading  electrical  influence,  permeating  earth 
and  sky,  giving  vigor  and  buoyancy  to  every  form  of  life,  forming  one 
of  the  most  delightful  climates  in  the  Lmion. 

There  are  no  swamps,  marshes  or  lagoons  to  breed  malaria.  Invalids 
coming  here  from  the  more  thickly  settled  States  And  in  this  life  giv- 
ing, health  inspiring  atmosphere,  relief  from  incipient  consumption, 
asthma  and  bronchial  affections.  Other  elements  of  health  are  found 
in  the  pure  free-stone  water  which  abounds  every.where,  and  in  the  fine 
natural  drainage,  the  latter  resulting  from  the  undulating  character  of  the 
country,  and  frequent  ravines  and  rapid  flowing  streams,  which  readily 
ab.sorb  the  surplus  rains  and  leave  the  fields  and  gardens  available  to  the 
cultivator  very  soon  after  the  heaviest  rain. 

Fine  Stock. — Blue  grass,  clover,  lucerne  and  Bermuda  grass  grow 
luxuriantly,  and  as  fine  horses  are  put  on  the  market  from  Oconee 
County  as  from  any  other  region.  The  fine  herds  of  Holstein,  Jersey, 
and  Durham  cattle  attest  to  the  value  of  this  as  a grazing  country. 
The  horses  raised  here  have  taken  the  first  premiums  over  all  competi- 
tors for  years. 

The  Hambletonian  and  other  finely  bred  horses  raised  in  this  county 
can  not  be  excelled  by  the  horses  of  the  famous  blue  grass  region  of 
Kentucky ; some  of  these  horses  have  achieved  great  renown,  as  liter- 


A Landscape  in  Oconee  County,  S.  C. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


156 

rick's  “ Bibi,”  “Abdallah,”  Biemann’s  “ Tena  B.,”  “Diamond,” 
“ Red  Chief”  and  “ Margin,”  and  half  a score  of  others. 

The  visitor  will  get  a good  insight  into  the  claims  of  this  as  a stock- 
raising  region  by  visiting  the  stock  farm  of  L.  N.  Jordan  at  Seneca, 
which  is  mentioned  upon  another  page. 

Tobacco  of  as  good  a quality  as  that  grown  in  Connecticut, Virginia, 
or  North  Carolina,  has  been  raised  here. 

Timber.  Native  forests  of  oak,  hickory,  chestnut  and  kindred 
woods  are  seen  in  every  direction.  Beyond  the  modifying  influence 
which  these  forests  have  upon  the  elements,  and  their  marketable 
value,  they  lend  indescribable  grace  and  beauty  to  the  landscape,  giving 
the  country  the  semblance  of  one  vast,  beautiful  park. 

Oconee  County  took  the  second  premium  at  the  New  Orleans  Exposi- 
tion with  her  131  specimens,  and  presents  unsurpassed  opportunity  for 
the  establishment  of  wood-working  manufactories.  Here  is  wood  in 
unlimited  quantity  for  the  manufacture  of  wagons,  spokes,  hubs,  felloes, 
plow-stocks,  axe  handles,  barrel  staves,  furniture,  chairs,  and  every 
thing  that  is  made  of  wood. 

Water  Power. — Oconee  County  is  drained  by  the  Tugaloo, 
Chatuga,  Seneca,  and  To.xaway  rivers,  rapid,  spring-fed  streams,  of 
fine  volume,  only  a fraction  of  which  is  yet  utilized  and  hundreds  of 
mill  sites  await  the  coming  of  mills  and  factories. 

From  one  end  of  Oconee  County  to  the  other  is  a region  of  marvel- 
ous, bewildering  scenic  beauty  whose  impress  can  never  be  effaced  from 
the  memory  of  the  visitor  and  of  which  no  pencil  can  give  adequate  por- 
traiture. These  grand  hill  sides  and  sweet  pastoral  low-lying  valleys, 
coursed  by  clear,  rapid,  forest  fringed  streams,  winding  down  through 
green  grassy  intervales  lying  in  the  shadows  of  picturesque  bluffs,  are 
resplendent  with  the  glory  of  matchless  corn  fields  and  meadows.  The 
bold  headlands,  whose  terraced  slopes  and  curves  abound  in  number- 
less lines  of  grace  and  beauty  wrought  by  the  ancient  water  currents, 
and  beyond  it  all  looms  up  the  grand  old  Blue  Ridge  Mountains.  While 
considerable  of  the  surface  is  unprofitable,  except  for  mining  purposes, 
Oconee  County  has  vast  tracts  of  rich  bottom  land,  the  alluvial  deposits 
of  centuries,  from  ten  to  twenty  feet  in  depth,  as  fertile  as  the  valley  of 
the  Nile,  which  from  the  earliest  settlement  of  the  country  have  never 
failed  of  generous  crops. 


Trout  Fishing  in  the  Mountains, 

These  beautiful  game  fish,  with  their  olive  green  sides  and  carmine 
spots,  in  horizontal  lines  and  fiery  like  fins,  are  the  most  beautiful  fish 
in  the  world.  Their  flesh  is  salmon  color  and  delicious  to  the  taste.. 
Their  flesh  is  very  delicate  in  this  region,  from  the  fact  that  they  do 
not  grow  large  and  coarse,  seldom  exceeding  a pound  in  weight,  and 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


158 

because  of  the  purity  of  their  food,  which  they  find  in  these  clear, 
cold  waters.  They  ascend  the  streams  in  October,  and  follow  the 
tributaries  to  their  fountain  heads,  hence  they  are  called  sabno  fon- 
tinalisj  here  they  spawn  in  water  scarcely  deep  enough  to  cover  their 
bodies.  In  Marcli,  following,  these  eggs  hatch  and  the  “fry  ” remain 


for  a time  until  they  get  strength,  activity,  and  size  enough  to  escape 
being  devoured,  wdren  they  reach  the  deep  water  below. 

They  are  caught  in  the  early  spring  when  the  water  is  not  quite 
clear,  with  a hook  and  line,  with  sinkers  to  take  it  under  water,  the 
bait  being  angle  worms,  grasshoppers  and  the  like  ; but  from  Alay  to 
September  they  rise  to  the  different  flies  according  to  the  season,  and 
then  the  most  enthusiastic  fishermen  can  satisf}-  his  most  ardent 
wishes  in  this  sport. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


159 


The  sportsman  must, 
however,  bring  his  rod, 
lines,  and  flies  with 
him,  or  depend  upon 
the  rude  tackle  used 
in  this  region, — with 
which,  however,  the 
natives  are  very  suc- 
cessful in  catching 

trout  — and  they  know  how  to  cook  them. 

Good,  plain  accommodations  will  be  found  at 
the  farmhouses  scattered  through  this  region, 
and  the  charges  will  be  ridiculously  low  com- 
pared with  the  prices  charged  at  hotels.  The 
shooting  in  this  region  is  moderately  good,  and  altogether  a 
good  time  is  assured. 


The  Profile  at  Tallulah  FallS|-.Ga. 


5^allylah  Falls 


ITUATED  in  Rabun  County,  Georgia,  in  the  Blue  Ridge  Moun- 
tains, is  2,200  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  yet  the  air  is  soft 
and  mild,  a perfect  benediction.  Tallulah  has  long  been  a popular 
resort  for  tourists,  and  for  invalids  it  offers  extraordinary  attractions,  the 
air  is  dry,  clear  and  invigorating ; consumption,  malaria,  hay  fever,  and 
asthma  are  said  to  be  unknown. 

Within  ten  rods  from  the  hotel  is  the  Terrora  River  (the  Terrible), 
which  has  been  for  ages  cutting  its  way  through  the  Blue  Ridge,  whose 
fretful  W'aters  have  made  a chasm  in  the  mountains  miles  in  length  and 
in  some  places  over  a thousand  feet  in  depth.  After  shooting  the 
Indian  Arrow  Rapids,  the  river  falls  650  feet  in  the  first  half  mile  of  its 
descent  through  the  Grand  Chasm,  winding  along  over  ragged  beds  of 
rocks  and  over  a precipice  forming  the  L’Eau  d’Or  and  empties  into 
Hawthorn’s  Pool,  so  called  in  memory  of  a Presbyterian  clergyman 
who,  in  1836,  lost  his  life  while  bathing  in  these  turbulent  w'aters.  A 
rugged  stairway  is  cut  out  of  the  side  of  the  cliff  which  leads  down  to 
the  edge  of  the  falls,  and  now  we  are  encircled  by  towering  rocks  on 
every  side.  Next  comes  “ Tempestia.”  Owing  to  the  circuitous  course 
of  the  river  the  L’Eau  d’  Or  and  “ Tempestia”  falls,  only  can  be  seen 
at  one  view  from  the  “ Lovers’  Leap,”  a sheer  precipice  500  feet  above, 
and  overlooking  the  vast  basin  thickly  studded  with  lofty  oaks  and 
pines ; and  through  the  deep  green  of  the  luxuriant  foliage  far  below, 
the  eye  is  entranced  by  the  gleam  and  glitter  of  the  rushing  waters,  and 
the  ear,  catching  the  distant  rumbling,  yields  willingly  to  the  soothing 
influence.  The  “Lovers’  Leap”  has,  of  course,  its  Indian  legend,  but 
we  must  hurry  on  to  the  “Hurricane.”  It  is  the  fiercest,  the  most 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


162 

relentless,  as  well  as  the  highest  of  the  whole  series,  falling  magnifi- 
cently over  high  rocks,  a distance  of  92  feet.  On  the  opposite  side  of 
the  gorge  the  “Caledonia  Cascade”  falls  a distance  of  6co  feet,  near 
which  is  “ Vulcan’s  Forge,”  a cave  whose  entrance  is  550  feet  above  the 
river.  Below,  near  the  centre  of  the  river,  lies  a huge  mass  of  granite 
which  fell  a distance  of  500  feet  and  is  called  “ Death  Rock.”  Just 
below  the  “Oceana”  comes  the  “Bridal  Ved.”  Now  climbing  the 
stairway  (for  stairs  and  walks  extend  the  whole  length  of  the  chasm), 
we  reach  “ The  Student’s  Rostrum,”  600  feet  above  the  bed  of  the 


The  Robinson  House,  Tallulah  Falls,  Ga. 

river,  commanding  fine  views  of  the  fearful  gorge  beneath,  and  then  on 
to  the  “ Grand  Chasm,”  which  we  view  from  a height  of  Soo  feet,  not  a 
chasm  at  all,  but  a vast  amphitheatre  hewn  out  of  the  solid  rock,  and 
the  mountains  which  enclose  it  raise  their  huge,  deeply  wooded,  rocky 
sides  far  above  in  every  direction,  all  around  us.  Ten  or  twelve 
hundred  feet  below  their  summits,  at  the  bottom  of  the  “ chasm,”  the 
river  turns  in  its  rocky  and  boulder-strewn  bed,  forming  the  gigantic 
“Horse  Shoe  bend,”  and  for  miles  continues  its  tumultuous  course. 
Standing  on  the  table  rock  overhanging  the  natural  amphitheatre,  with 


Caledonia  Cascade  and  Oceana  Falls. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


IC)4 

no  .sound  of  civilization,  the  view  is  unsurpassed  in  the  combination  of 
grandeur  and  wildly  picturesque  beauty  by  any  we  have  ever  seen  in 
New  England  or  in  the  Rocky  Mountains.  There  are  other  interesting 
points  along  the  river,  which  have  names  and  legends,  as  “ The  Lion 
Rock,”  “Rose  Glen,”  “Diana's  Rest,”  “Point  of  Inspiration,”  920 


The  Cascade. 


feet  in  height ; “ Ribbon  Cascade,”  with  a fall  of  700  feet ; “ Chimney 
Rock,”  a mountain  500  feet  in  height,  whic'n  also  has  its  Indian  legend  ; 
“Glen  Ella  Springs,”  and  “The  Devil’s  Jail.”  The  whole  valley  is 
lined  with  rhododendrons  and  kalmias,  which  in  spring  time  present  the 
most  gorgeous  appearance. 


'urner's  Point  from  Angelina  Rock  and  Indian  Arrow  Rapids, 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


1 66 

Tallulah  is  on  the  Blue  Ridge  and  Atlanta  Railroad,  which  is  owned 
by  Judge  Baily  Thomas,  who  has  recently  erected  an  attractive  resi- 
dence near  the  station.  This  road  is  well  equipped  and  passes  through 
a picturesque  country.  Double  daily  trains  make  connections  with  the 
Richmond  & Danville  Railroad  for  the  north. 

The  hotel  accommodations  are  excellent.  There  are  three  hotels, 
situated  within  400  yards  of  each  other,  accommodating  500  guests. 
The  Grand  View  Hotel,  The  Cliff,  and  Robinson  Houses  each  keep 
a band  of  music,  and  in  the  season  Tallulah  is  full  of  life  and  gayety. 


Grand  View  Hotel. 

Ample  amusements  are  provided  in  billiards,  tennis  and  ten-pins, 
and  the  river  affords  excellent  fishing  while  the  surrounding  forests 
afford  good  hunting. 

Tallulah,  which  was  recently  described  by  a zealous  writer  on  cli- 
matology as  an  “ Eldorado  for  consumptives,'’  is  daily  becoming  more 
popular  with  invalids  suffering  from  asthma,  bronchitis  and  kindred  dis- 
eases ; and  the  dry.  invigorating  air  of  this  Alpine  region  does  certainly 
have  a wonderful  effect  upon  the  air-passages. 

Whether  the  object  of  the  visitor  be  for  health  or  for  pleasure  his 
reward  in  either  case  will  far  surpass  his  most  sanguine  expectations. 


The  mountayne  men  live  longer,  many  a yeare 
Than  those  in  vale,  in  playne,  or  marrish  soyle; 

A lustic  hart,  a cleane  complexion  cleere 

They  have,  on  hill  that  for  hard  living  toil.” 

A mountain  climate,  with  pure,  fresh,  and  bracing  air,  and  chemically 
pure  water,  with  absolute  freedom  from  malaria,  is  making  Clarks- 
ville known  throughout  the  country.  The  summer  temperature  is  not 


The  Mountain  View  Hotel,  Clarksville. 


only  low,  but  it  is  fresh  and  invigorating,  intensified  by  the  clear  sky 
and  translucent  atmosphere.  Invigoration  is  in  every  breeze  and  the 
glow  of  health  responds  to  the  touch  of  the  mountain-borne  air.  In 
mid-summer  blankets  are  indispensable  as  covering  for  the  bed,  and 
the  change  of  temperature  is  noticeable  when  foot  is  first  set  on 
Clarksville  ground. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


1 68 

Elevated  seventeen  hundred  feet  above  the  sea,  the  climate  is  par- 
ticularly beneficial  to  that  class  of  invalids  who  fail  to  i.nprove  in  the 
low  altitude  of  the  extreme  South.  The  average  temperature  in  sum- 
mer is  about  70°,  in  winter  44°,  for  the  entire  year  about  61  The 
nights  are  generally  cool  in  summer,  and  in  winter  the  mercury  seldom 
falls  below  15°  above  zero.  But  little  snow  falls  — and  that  remains 
upon  the  ground  but  a short  time.  For  an  all  the  year  home.  Northern 
people  will  find  Clarksville  particularly  desirable.  The  Soquee  river 
on  one  side  and  the  Chattahoochee  on  the  other,  give  perfect  surface 


The  Porter  Cotton  Mill,  Clarksville. 


drainage.  The  mild,  invigorating  climate,  the  pure  free-stone  water, 
the  absence  of  swamps  and  marshes  make  this  one  of  the  most  desir- 
able locations  in  the  South.  Statistics  show  Habersham  County  to 
have  a lower  death  rate  than  any  other  portion  of  the  United  States. 
Yellow  fever,  malaria,  and  epidemic  diseases  are  unknown.  The  loca- 
tion is  really  charming,  the  mountain  views  perfectly  grand. 

This  thriving  little  city  is  situated  in  Habersham  County,  on  the 
Blue  Ridge  & Atlantic  Railroad,  a few  miles  from  Cordelia,  which  is  on 
the  Piedmont  Air  Line,  and  is  one  of  the  most  healthy  regions  of  the 
South.  Clarksville  has  long  been  a popular  summer  resort  for  people 


The  Grand  Chasm, 


170 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


from  the  low  country,  and  during  the  past  season  the  hotels  and  board- 
ing houses  have  been  filled  to  overflowing. 

Hotels. — Long  before  there  were  railroads,  people  came  here  from 
the  low  sections  of  the  Carolinas,  Georgia  and  Florida  to  escape  from 


The  Grove  House,  Clarksville. 

During  the  past  season  the  famous  old  Inn,  the  Habersham  House,  has 
been  enlarged,  remodeled,  refurnished  and  reiiamed,  and  well  repre- 
sented by  our  engraving.  To-day  as  the  “ ilountain  View  Hotel,” 


"Sunset  Hill,'’  the  Residence  of  Mrs.  Harriet  C.  Bean, 

the  oppressive  heat  and  the  malarial  influences  of  the  low  country, 
completely  filling  the  hotels  and  boarding  houses.  Some  built  homes 
here,  and  during  the  summer  season  Clarksville  was  full  of  life. 


Toccoa  Falls, 


J72 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


it  is  one  of  the  most  cheerful  and  homelike  hotels  in  North  Georgia. 
It  is  kept  by  A.  R.  Houston,  and  it  supplied  with  the  best  the  market 
affords.  It  has  five  hundred  and  sixty-five  feet  of  piazzas  from  which 
the  eye  takes  in  valleys,  cultivated  fields  and  extensive  forests,  rugged 
hill-tops,  and  lofty  mountains,  in  the  distance  the  Blue  Ridge  range, 
with  Yonahand  other  peaks  towering  above. 

The  Alleghany  House,  kept  by  John  Jones,  will  be  remembered  by 
old  time  visitors  to  Clarksville,  and  it  keeps  its  old  time  reputation  as 
a good,  homelike  place,  with  an  excellent  table  and  low  prices. 


The  Porter  Woolen  Mill,  Clarksville. 


The  Grove  House  has  also  had  its  name  changed,  and  during  the 
past  season  was  managed  by  J.  Eugene  Durbec,  under  whose  efficient 
management  it  was  full  to  overflowing,  principally  by  Floridians.  Its 
pleasant  location,  surrounded  by  stately  pines,  prepossesses  the  visitor, 
and  in  his  after  experience  he  will  not  be  disappointed. 

The  Eureka. — This  new  hotel  will  be  open  to  the  public  for  the 
first  time  the  coming  season,  the  success  of  the  proprietor,  J.  Eugene 
Durbec,  with  the  Grove  House  during  the  past  season,  will  insure 
him  immediate  success  in  his  new  house.  The  Eureka  is  beautifully 
situated,  commanding  a fine  view  of  the  mountains,  and  the  table  tvill  be 
supplied  with  the  best. 


174 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Churches. — Of  which  there  are  four,  Episcopal,  Presbyterian, 
Methodist  and  Baptist  each  have  comfortable  church  edifices. 

Schools. — The  High  School  under  an  efficient  Principal  and 
Assistants,  is  in  a flourishing  condition,  affording  excellent  educational 
advantages.  Miss  M.  E.  Allen’s  private  school,  where  the  higher 
branches  are  taught,  is  well  patronized.  The  weekly  paper,  the  Ad- 
vertiser, has  done  much  for  the  town,  and  if  our  readers  would  know 


Gold  Mining  in  Georgia. — The  Water  Ditch. 


more  of  Clarksville  and  its  advantages,  they  will  do  well  to  send  for 
sample  copies  of  the  Advertiser,  and  subscribe  for  it  for  a year. 

Business  Opening's. — As  Clarksville  is  the  commercial  centre 
of  about  forty  miles  of  surrounding  country,  its  business  is  quite  ex- 
tensive, the  merchants  carry  large  stocks,  and  have  accumulated  for- 
tunes. They  buy  everything  the  farmer  raises,  a leading  crop  being 
poultry  and  eggs — upwards  of  $50,000  worth  of  which  were  shipped 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


'75 


from  this  point  last  season.  There  are  good  openings  here  for  live 
men,  with  capital,  in  various  branches  of  business,  full  particulars  of 
which  may  be  obtained  at  our  office. 

Porter’s  Mills. — These  mills  which  are  well  represented  by  our 
engravings  are  doing  an  extensive  cotton  and  woolen  manufacturing 
business.  They  are  owned  by  the  Porter  Manufacturing  Company  which 
was  chartered  in  1883,  with  a capital  of  $125,000,  which  has  since  been 
largely  increased.  Mr.  J.  H.  Porter  of  Atlanta,  is  the  President,  with 


Hydraulic  Mining, 


Col.  J.  \V.  Robertson,  manager;  situated  on  the  Soquee  river  it  has  a 
magnificent  water  power,  comprising  two  rapids  about  a quarter  of  a 
mile  apart,  over  which  the  river  pours  its  entire  volume  of  water. 

Gold  mining  is  prosecuted  herewith  considerable  success, principally 
placer  mining.  Gold  was  first  discovered  in  1831,  and  it  is  said  that 
an  average  of  three  thousand  men  have  been  employed  in  the  mines  of 
this  region,  during  the  past  fifty-eight  years,  some  of  the  mines 


176 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


yielding  over  a million  dollars.  The  gold  obtained  is  worth  ninety 
cents  to  the  pennyweight.  Nuggets  have  been  found  from  time  to 
time,  varying  in  value  from  a few  dollars  to  a thousand  dollars.  Boys 
wash  the  sand  in  the  branches  with  the  ordinary  pans  and  obtain  from 
seventy-five  cents  to  two  dollars  a day  of  the  glittering  dust.  The 
amethyst,  ruby,  garnet,  and  other  gems  are  occasionally  found. 
Diamonds  of  considerable  value  have  been  found.  The  diamond  belt 
extends  all  through  this  region.  There  are  also  vast  deposits  of 
mica,  soapstone,  and  asbestos,  only  awaiting  capital  for  development. 

There  are  beautiful  drives  in  every  direction ; three  miles  to  the 
south  is  Demorest,  the  new  and  popular  northern  town,  with  its  won- 
derful water  power.  A pleasant  afternoon  ride  to  the  east  is  the 
famous  Toccoa  Falls,  which  is  represented  by  our  engraving.  To  the 
north,  about  ten  miles  is  the  beautiful.Nacoochee  Valley,  widely  cele- 
brated for  its  grand  and  picturesque  scenery,  its  attractive  country 
seats,  the  remarkable  fertility  of  its  soil  and  for  its  romantic  Indian 
legends,  which  will  be  found  recorded  upon  other  pages.  Clarksville 
has  many  attractive  residences  among  which  is  that  of  Mrs.  Caroline 
C.  Bean,  of  which  we  have  prepared  an  engraving.  The  grounds 
contain  a collection  of  rare  ornamental  trees,  flowers  and  shubbery. 


SUDDENLY,  after  a drive  of  twelve  miles  from  Clarksville,  a view 
of  this  lovely  valley  bursts  upon  us — a view  once  seen  never  to 
be  forgotten — on  the  left  stands  Lacelles  mountain,  behind  it  looms 
up  old  Youah,  grim  sentinels  of  the  valley.  Northward  and  westward 


Residence  of  Capt.  Jas  H,  Nichols,  Nacoochee. 


mountain  rises  upon  mountain  until  they  culminate  in  grand  old  Tray, 
the  highest  point  in  this  portion  of  the  appalachian  chain.  To  the  east 
is  Chimney  Mountain,  then  mountain  after  mountain  rises  and  falls  in 


178 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


beautiful  undulations  until  they  are  lost  in  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  here  in 
this  amphitheatre  is  nestled  “ the  lovely  vale  of  Nacoochee,”  and  as 
■we  drive  up  the  valley  new  beauties  are  constantly  unmasked.  All 
along  our  way  on  the  left  of  the  road  are  green  meadows  and  fields  of 
waving  corn,  through  which  the  beautiful  Chattahoochee  winds  its  way, 
we  pass  attractive  country  seats  and  cosey  cottages  surrounded  by  trees 
and  shrubbery,  and  we  are  at  the  entrance  to  “West  End,”  the  beau- 
tiful country  seat  of  Capt.  Jas.  H.  Nichols,  a charming  mansion  before 
which  magnolias  are  in  full  bloom  and  the  grounds  resplendent  with 
gorgeous  flowers.  In  front  of  the  villa,  and  some  distance  back  from 


Ttre  Indian  Mound  at  Nacoochee. 


the  road,  is  an  Indian  mound,  the  most  noted  landmark  in  the  valley. 
It  is  an  oblong  mound  thrown  up  with  precise  regularity  and  measuring 
on  the  summit  about  80x100  feet,  the  longest  diameter  pointing  north 
and  south,  and  in  height  about  twenty  feet. 

Fifty  years  ago  the  French  savant  Nicolet  spent  several  days  in 
exploring  the  mound  in  search  of  some  clue  to  the  history  of  this  lost 
people.  Col.  O.  C.  Jones,  after  a careful  examination,  made  it  the 
subject  of  a lecture,  and  has  described  it  in  full  in  his  valuable  work, 
the  “Antiquities  of  the  Southern  Indians,”  published  b}-  Appleton. 
A summer  house  has  been  erected  in  the  centre  of  the  mound  which  is 
ombellished  by  parterres  of  flowers,  and  from  this  point  is  obtained  the 
Lest  view  of  the  estate,  a home  which  is  noted  throughout  this  region 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


179 


for  its  loveliness  and  its  hospitality.  The  dwelling  is  spacious,  sur- 
rounded by  broad  piazzas,  over  which  are  entwined  flowering  vines, 
and  here  Captain  Nichols  has  gathered  around  him  everything  that 
makes  life  pleasant,  a large  farm,  well  stocked,  rich  fields,  trained 
hounds,  and  plenty  of  game,  fish  ponds,  a choice  library,  billiard  room, 
gas,  pure  spring  water  throughoijft,  greenhouse,  fountains,  and  near  by 
on  a rise  of  land,  shaded  by  beautiful  oaks,  the  captain  has  erected  a 
charming  little  church  finished  in  natural  woods  from  the  trees  of  the 


The  Anna  Ruby  Falls,  Nacoochee. 


forests  of  Nacoochee  Valley,  comprising  many  dfferent  shades  and 
colors  which  beautifully  harmonize,  and  this  gem  of  a church  Captain 
Nichols  has  deeded  to  the  trustees  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

“West  End”  comprises  2,600  acres,  much  of  which  is  in  virgin 
forest,  beneath  which  are  vast  treasures  of  gold.  Mining  for  the 
precious  metal  is  extensively  and  successfully  persued  on  adjoining 
lands,  many  acres  of  rich  interval  are  now  in  waving  crops,  presenting 
a scene  of  rare  loveliness.  The  stables  and  outbuildings  are  com- 
modious and  conveniently  arranged.  The  whole  forming  one  cf  the 
most  perfect  country  seats  in  the  South. 


igo  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


At  a distant  part  of  the  plantation  is  a charming  cascade,  known  as 
the  Anna  Ruby  Falls,  situated  in  the  depths  of  a wild  gorge  whose 
precipitous  sides  are  covered  with  a growth  of  giant  forest  trees  and 
carpeted  with  beautiful  ferns  and  grasses.  Two  distinct  streams  make 
their  descent  over  a precipice  of  solid  rock,  emptying  their  waters  into 
the  same  pool  at  its  base.  The  main  stream  itself  is  broken  into  two 
falls,  the  upper  fall  being  not  less  than  175  feet.  A ledge  of  50  feet 
intervenes  between  the  upper  and  lower  fall.  Either  one  of  these  falls 
viewed  separately  is  charming,  but  seen  as  a whole  from  below  they 
form  a picture  of  wild  beauty.  The  upper  and  lower  cascade  seeming 
to  connect  and  form  one  continuous  fall  of  nearly  three  hundred  feet. 


The  Lover's  Leap. 


The  Gold  Fields  of  Dahlonega. — Thi^  peerless  mountain  city 
■which  nestles  at  the  foot  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  is  appropriately  called 
the  “ City  of  Gold,”  for  the  small  boys  of  the  town  go  out  into  the 
streets  with  their  mining  pans  after  a shower  and  gather  the  shining 
metal — hence  the  statement  that  “ the  streets  of  Dahlonega  are  paved 
with  gold,”  Of  course  the  quantity  of  gold  so  found  is  small,  but  it  is 
gold  all  the  same. 

Its  location  is  perfectly  charming,  surrounded  on  all  sides  by  lofty 
hills  and  mountains.  On  the  north  and  west,  by  the  Etawah  and  Blue 
Ridge ; on  the  south  and  east,  the  dividing  ridges  of  the  waters  of  the 
Yahoola,  Chestatee,  and  Chattahoochee  rivers,  which  rise  at  the  base 
of  the  Blue  Ridge.  The  Etawah  River  rises  on  the  westerly  side  of 
Lumpkin  County  at  the  base  of  the  Etawah  and  Blue  Ridge  Moun- 
tains. 

Dahlonega,  which  is  the  principal  town  of  Lumpkin  County,  Georgia, 
is  three  hundred  miles  from  Charleston,  S.  C.,  its  nearest  seaport,  and 
twenty-five  miles  from  Gainesville,  Ga.,  at  present  its  nearest  railway 
station,  and  has  a population  of  about  one  thousand. 

While  it  offers  extraordinary  inducements  to  the  health  seeker, 
Dahlonega’s  chief  attraction  is  its  mining  industry.  Long  before  gold 
was  discovered  in  California  thousands  made  their  living  in  Lumpkin 
County  by  digging  gold,  and  to-day,  it  is  said  that  more  gold  is  being 
taken  from  these  mines  than  they  yielded  forty  years  ago.  Indeed, 
the  supply  seems  inexhaustable. 

Statistics  prove  that  Lumpkin  County  has  produced  more  gold  than 
any  County  in  California,  and  capital  only  is  needed  to  develop  these 
wonderful  deposits. 


i82 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  “Atlanta  Constitution,”  of  June  2,  is  authority  for  the  follow- 
ing: “Fine  gold  has  been  produced  in  Lumpkin  County  since  about 
1837,  and  authoritatively  estimated  to  have  reached  the  sum  of 
$7,000,000,  with  an  additional  amount  of  silver  not  accounted  for — 
say  at  least  five  per  centum  of  the  amount  or  about  $350,000 — an 
interval  occurring  of  about  four  years,  or  between  the  years  of  1861 
and  1865,  during  which  time  no  information  can  be  obtained — and  it 
will  appear  upon  an  inspection  of  the  ground  covered  by  the  develop- 
ments as  at  present  existing,  that  said  developments  are  scarcely 
perceptible  and  could  hardly  be  considered  a beginning.” 

The  native  miner  continues  his  operations  in  the  old  fashioned  way, 
delighted  with  the  ups  and  downs  of  mining,  occasionally  “ striking  it 
rich,”  but  oftener  obtaining  only  a few  pennyweights.  Others  are 
satisfied  to  work  for  wages,  week  after  week  and  month  after  month  for 
a dollar  a day.  Many  miners  are  now  making  a good  living  and  saving 
money  by  working  the  waste  rock  from  the  old  mines,  thrown  out 
many  years  ago  as  worthless.  Prof.  Geo.  B.  Sherwood,  a mineralogist 
of  note,  who,  with  Captain  Hall,  made  the  valuable  collection  of 
Dahlonega  ores  on  exhibition  at  the  museum  at  St.  Augustine,  has  for 
the  past  six  months  been  engaged  in  preparing  maps  of  the  mining 
belts  of  this  region,  and  expresses  great  astonishment  at  the  fabulous 
amount  of  gold  stored  in  the  hills  of  Dahlonega,  which  only  needs  work 
and  capital  for  its  development.  As  an  illustration  we  copy  this 
statement  from  the  “ Signal,”  published  at  Dahlonega:  “ A '^ew  days 

ago  a small  quantity  of  ore  obtained  from  the  mine  (which 

is  within  the  city  limits)  was  placed  in  a mortar,  and  with  a pestle  the 
gold  was  pounded  from  the  rock.  From  one  of  the  rocks,  of  the  size  of 
a large  turnip,  113  pennyweights  of  gold,  mostly  in  nuggets,  were 
obtained.  From  the  balance  of  the  rock  82  pennyweights  were  gotten, 
making  in  all  195  pennyweights  of  pure  gold  from  less  than  a peck  of 


Tallulah  Falls,  North  Geocffia* 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


quartz.  One  of  the  nuggets  was  as  large  as  a pullet’s  egg,  the  quartz 
was  solid  and  of  a rose  color.”  The  editor  adds:  “‘This  was  an 

unusual  find,  and  it  is  seldom  that  so  much  gold  comes  from  so  small 
an  amount  of  ore.” 

Gold  Mining.  The  first  mining  was  in  the  placers  for  depositgold, 
the  beds  of  the  Yahoola,  the  Chestatee,  Cane  Creek,  and  a score  of 
small  branches  were  searched  through  and  washed  over,  and  many  a 
rich  nugget  was  unearthed.  Then  the  veins  of  quartz,  rich  in  gold, 
were  opened — fortunes  were  made, 
others  were  lost.  Then  came  the 
discovery  of  gold  in  California, 
which  drew  off  the  miners  by  the 
hundred.  Later  on,  science  dis- 
covered new  methods  of  extracting 
gold,  and  the  California  hydraulic 
plan  was  adopted.  Before  the  war, 
the  Yahoola  Water  Company  was 
formed.  They  were  to  bring  the 
water  28  miles  and  wash  down  the 
hills ; the  war  stopped  the  work. 

Later  on  an  Ohio  company  took 
the  work  in  hand.  They  expended 
$150,000  on  the  ditch  alone,  and 
it  is  now  in  successful  operation.  The  Hall  Stamp  Mill. 

With  a sufficient  head  of  water  conducted  in  pipes  to  where  they  desire 
to  work,  they  are  prepared  to  go  forward.  A stamp  mill  is  erected,  a 
flume  is  constructed,  sluice  troughs  are  made,  and  down  in  the  ravine 
they  turn  the  imprisoned  water  upon  the  beds  of  decayed  mica  slate. 
The  stream  from  the  nozzle  of  the  hose  pipe  dashes  at  the  side  of  the 
mountain  and  bores  its  way  into  the  depths.  If  you  stood  in  front  of 
it,  it  would  dash  you  upon  the  hillside  and  pound  you  to  death.  Soon 
the  ground  is  honeycombed,  and  then  with  a great  crash  it  falls,  and 
now  the  stream  washes  the  soil,  the  rocks,  the  gold  veins,  all  together 
into  sluice  boxes  and  flume,  and  they  go  dashing  on  to  the  basin  of  the 
pounding  mill.  They  are  carried  a half  hundred  yards  or  more  to  the 
mill,  and  the  water  washes  all  under  the  mighty  steel  pestles.  They 
are  pounded  fine  as  sand  and  are  soon  swept  by  the  water  over  the  plates 
cf  copper.  They  are  coated  with  quicksilver,  and  the  avaricious  metal 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


185 


seizes  the  small  particles  of  gold  and  holds  it  in  amalagum.  Then  it 
goes  to  the  retort,  and  then  the  gold  goes  to  the  mint  and  the  quick- 
silver back  to  the  plates  and  thus  the  gold  is  gathered. 

Besides  gold  and  silver  other  valuable  minerals  are  found  in  this 
region,  comprising  copper,  magnetic  iron,  and  all  varieties  of  hematitic 
iron,  manganese,  talc,  mica,  kaolin,  asbestos,  corundrum,  marble, 
soapstone  or  stealite,  surpentine,  calcite,  sulphur,  copper  ppites  and 
iron  carbonites. 


The  Burnside  House,  Dahlonega. 


The  Burnside  House,  of  which  we  have  prepared  an  engraving,  is 
pleasantly  situated  on  the  north  side  of  the  public  square,  before 
which  the  University  boys  drill  in  uniform  every  afternoon  at  four 
o’clock.  Visitors  will  receive  a true  southern  welcome  from  the  genial 
proprietor,  Capt.  Joseph  Allen. 

In  the  centre  of  the  square  is  the  Town  Hall,  a well  preser\'ed  brick 
building  of  a somewhat  ancient  style  of  architecture  but  very  attrac- 
tive. Near  by  is  the  substantial  warehouse  of  the  Hall  Mercantile  Co., 
and  adjoining  is  the  attractive  residence  of  Capt.  Frank  W.  Hall,  the 
inventor  of  the  famous  Hall  Stamp  Mill.  On  a rise  of  land  overlook- 
ing the  city  is  the  imposing  residence  of  Prof.  W.  S.  Wilson,  of  the 
University,  Col.  Price’s  home-like  estate  is  near  by,  and  altogether 
Dahlonega  has  reason  to  be  proud  of  its  appearance. 


86 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


Dahlonega  is  centrally  located,  and  commanding  a remarkably 
picturesque  view  of  the  surrounding  country  with  “hill,  dale  and 


Hall's  Block,  Dahlonega, 

streams,”  the  eye  never  becoming  weary  in  beholding  nature's  lavish 
display,  in  some  instances  covering  a distance  of  one  hundred  miles- 


Residence  of  Capt,  Frank  W.  Hall,  Dahlonega. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


187 


along  the  spurs  of  the  Appalachian  chain  of  mountains  and  is  acquiring 
quite  a reputation  as  a health  resort,  and  has  within  its  limits  mineral 
waters  of  almost  fabulous  medicinal  properties.  In  fact,  most  of  the 
wells  and  springs  of  this  region  are  more  or  less  mineralized  with  iron 
and  a few  with  sulphur  and  iron.  But  there  are  others  rising  and 
percolating  in  the  digillaceous  slates  and  strata,  which  are  almost 
without  mineral  taste,  and  these  are  commonly  designated  as  “Free 
Stone.'’  The  waters  percolating  through  the  iron  formations  of  the 
country  form  with  other  minerals  the  “ Chalybeate  Springs.” 


Residencj  of  Prof.  W.  S.  Wilson,  Dahlonega. 


Those  percolating  the  iron  and  sulphur  form  a combination,  and  the 
visiting  invalid  can  have  his  choice  of  sulphur,  lime,  chalybeate,  iron 
or  freestone  water.  To  this  fact,  together  with  its  pure,  invigorating 
mountain  air,  is  attributed  the  rapid  improvement  noticed  in  invalids 
visiting  this  favored  locality. 

Dahlonega  is,  by  recent  surveys,  about  nineteen  hundred  feet  above 
the  sea  level,  and  the  peaks  of  the  Blue  Ridge  are  from  three  to  six 
hundred  feet  above  this  level.  The  attractions  for  the  tourist  in  this 
vicinity  are  numerous.  From  “ Findley’s  Ridge,”  south  of  the  city,  a 
magnificent  view  of  the  surrounding  country  is  obtained,  and  here  one 
of  the  most  noted  gold  mines  is  situated.  The  distance  is  five  miles 
for  the  round  trip. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


^ North  Georgia  Agricultural  College,  Dahlonega. 

SiLOAM  Spring,  noted  for  the  wonderful  mineral  properties  of  its 
waters,  is  four  miles  distant. 

Besser  Mineral  Spring,  a chalybeate  water  which  has  enjo3'ed  an 
enviable  reputation  for  the  past  century,  is  quite  near  the  town,  one- 
fourth  mile  from  the  hotel.  The  grounds  surrounding  the  spring  have 
been  tastefully  laid  out  by  the  liberal  and  public  spirited  citizens,  a 
pavilion  erected  for  picnic  parties,  and  the  whole  is  free  to  the  public. 

One  of  the  principal  attractions  of  Dahlonega  is  the  North  Georgia 
Agricultural  College,  of  which  we  present  an  engraving.  It  was  incor- 
porated in  1871,  in  pursuance  of  the  Act  of  Congress  of  July’  2,  1S62, 


Cane  Creek  Falls,  two  and  a half  miles  away,  is  a beautiful  cas- 
cade with  sixty  feet  fall. 

Amicalola  Falls  leaps  continuously  for  a distance  of  six  hundred 
feet  amidst  wild  and  magnificent  scenery.  The  distance  is  fifteen 
miles. 

Porter  Mineral  Springs  is  at  the  foot  of  Cedar  Mountain,  nine 
miles  away. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


189 


the  object  of  which  was  to  provide  for  the  establishment  of  agricultural 
colleges  in  the  States,  to  “ promote  the  liberal  and  practical  education 
of  the  industrial  classes.”  The  education  imparted  is,  according  to 
the  Act, — 

1.  In  “such  branches  of  learning  as  are  related  to  agriculture  and 
the  mechanic  arts.” 

2.  In  “ other  scientific  and  classical  studies.” 

3.  In  “ military  tactics.” 

The  College  is  an  adjunct  to  and  part  of  the  University  of  Georgia, 
and  is  subject  to  the  “revision  and  control”  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
University;  and  the  studies  pursued  are  arranged,  as  nearly  as  pos- 
sible, according  to  the  system  adopted  in  other  colleges  of  the  Uni- 
versity. 

The  military  department  is  under  the  immediate  direction  of  an 
officer  of  the  army,  detailed  for  the  purpose,  and  has  been  furnished 
by  the  Government  with  small  arms  and  accoutrements  and  some 
pieces  of  field  artillery. 

The  institution  has  been  in  successful  operation  for  fifteen  years. 
It  is  open  to  all  comers  under  its  rules,  free  of  expense,  except  a small 
entrance  fee  to  provide  a fund  to  pay  for  attendance,  fuel,  etc. 

The  main  building  stands  upon  the  levelled  and  terraced  summit  of 
an  eminence  overlooking  the  town  of  Dahlonega,  and  commands  a 
beautiful  view  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  which  sweeps  round  it,  as  a centre, 
in  a noble  semicircle  of  mountains  from  ten  to  fifteen  miles  distant. 
On  another  page  we  present  an  engraving  of  the  o'd  United  States 
Mint,  which  formerly  occupied  the  present  site  of  the  college  building, 
and  was  destroyed  by  fire. 


A Tunnel  in  the  Piedmont  Region, 


HI6H  POINT 


There  has  not  been  a single  death  of  a white  adult 
in  High  Point  since  July  1SS6 — about  thirteen  months. 
There  has  been  only  about  three  deaths  of  persons 
between  fifteen  and  forty  years  of  age, in  four  years. 
The  mortality  being  confined  aiinost  entirely  to  in- 
fants and  very  old  persons,  and  the  number  of  these 
has  been  1‘oint  Enterprise,  Sept.  16th, 

ISSV. 


Jarrell’s  Hotel,  High  Point. 

The  above  remarkable  statement  is  made  by  the  editor  of  the  High 
Point  Enterprise,  and  with  such  a health  record  it  will  be  strange  when 
the  fact  is  made  public  abroad,  if  the  place  is  not  crowded  to  overflow- 
ing with  seekers  after  health. 

This  healthy  little  city  of  about  2400  inhabitants,  is  situated  in 
Guiiford  county,  North  Carolina,  and  is  the  highest  point  of  land  be- 
tween Washington  and  Charlotte,  at  an  elevation  of  1065  feet  above  the 


192 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


level  of  the  sea,  and  as  a summer  resort  offers  extraordinary  attractions 
being  surrounded  by  rolling  lands  affording  natural  drainage,  and  entire 
freedom  from  malaria.  A comparison  of  the  above  record  with  Boston’s- 
death  rate,  which  is  from  21  to  26  to  each  thousand  of  its  inhabitants, 
should  induce  sufferers  from  pulmonary  disease,  living  in  New  England, 
to  visit  High  Point  with  the  idea  of  making  a home  in  the  Piedmont 
region.  Southern  people  of  the  coast  country  discovered,  long  ago, 
that  a summer  could  be  passed  as  comfortably  here,  as  at  the  North, 
and  High  Point  is  each  Summer  filled  with  boarders  from  the  low 


Residence  of  J.  Elwood  Cox,  High  Point. 

country.  Lately,  Northern  people  are  learning  that  a winter  can  be 
passed  more  profitably  in  this  high  rolling  country  than  in  Florida. 

Six  years  ago  the  writer  received  the  following  letter  from  Lieut. 
Allen,  a retired  army  officer,  who  came  to  High  Point  given  up  by  his 
physician  to  die  : 

“ The  climate  of  the  place,  I believe  has  kept  me  alive  for  some  two 
or  three  years.  My  trouble  is  of  a bronchial  nature,  involving  almost  the 
entire  left  lung.  Hemorrhage  from  the  tubes  seem  to  be  my  difficulty. 
I came  here  from  Florida,  whence  I was  glad  to  escape  with  my  life,  as 
the  dampness  provoked  hemorrhage.  In  any  other  locality  it  attacked 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


193 


with  hemorrhage,  I have  a succession  of  them,  and  the  summer  before 
last  I ventured,  in  view  of  my  improved  condition,  to  go  to  Erie,  Pa., 
but  was  taken  with  bleeding  from  the  lung  and  I insisted  on  being 
brought  here,  and  was  carried,  unable  to  walk,  from  the  cars  to  the 
hotel,  on  December  ist,  and  by  February  ist  I was  up  and  walking 
around.  I commenced  to  pick  up  at  once  and  through  the  worst  season 
of  the  year  at  that.  Nearly  four  years  ago  I came  here  weighing  117 
lbs.-,  I have  gone  as  high  as  123  lbs.  Now,  for  a man  whose  lung 
ought  to  use  him  up  in  a few  months,  I think  I am  doing  well.  I regret 


Residence  of  E.  A,  Snow,  High  Point, 


my  inability  to  furnish  you  with  figures  as  to  the  hygrometric  condition. 
I have  a hygrophant,  but  the  sunny  South  has  demoralized  me  to  that 
extent  that  I am  too  lazy  to  keep  a record,  and,  too,  my  wet  bath  ther- 
mometer is  “done  broke.”  The  place  is  1000  feet  above  the  sea,  and  to 
the  dryness  of  the  air  I attribute  the  benefit  derived.  The  temperature 
is,  I should  say,  about  that  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  or  somewhat  higher 
during  Fall  and  Winter.  From  August  25th  to  November  15th,  we  had 
but  five  rainy  days.  We  are  not  in  the  mountains,  but  about  fifty  miles 
from  them.  My  own  opinion  is  that  for  bronchial  and  pulmonary  com- 
plaints, a warm  climate  will  do  nothing,  and  my  opinion  is  based  on  a 


ig4  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

residence  in  the  South  of  France,  and  visits  to  most  of  the  West  India 
“ cure  all  ” islands. 

Now,  Sir,  I have  tried  to  tell  you  what  I thought  might  be  of  in- 
terest to  you,  but  I am  very  much  biased  in  favor  of  the  climate  of  the 
place,  and  believe  that  under  Providence,  I owe  my  life  to  it.  For  my 
part  I am  afraid  to  go  away,  and  rented  a house  and  remained  all  of 
last  summer,  which  was  the  coolest  summer  I have  ever  passed,  so  I 
imagine  1 am  here  for  good.  If  there  is  anything  else  you  want  to 
know  that  I can  write  you,  let  me  know  and  I will  take  pleasure  in 
posting  you.”  Very  respectfully, 

S.  K.  ALLEN. 


Snow  &.  Dalton's  Mills,  High  Point. 

Lieut.  Allen  tried  the  most  noted  health  resorts  of  Europe  and 
America,  and  found  that  he  could  enjoy  no  degree  of  comfort. 
e.Kcept  in  the  Piedmont  region.  Since  writing  to  me  he  re-visited  the 
North,  took  a violent  cold  and  passed  away.  One  of  nature’s  noble- 
men, regretted  and  mourned  by  the  people  of  High  Point,  who  had 
learned  to  love  him. 

Rev.  J.  B.  Richardson  says — “ High  Point  has  2500  to  3000 
population,  and  only  four  deaths  of  resident  citizens  (white)  in  tne 
last  3.^  years.  We  have  two  large  and  well  kept  hotels,  with  a number 
of  boarding  houses  ; we  have  no  malaria  ; we  are  in  the  Piedmont  belt ; 


The  Thermal  Belt,  Tryon  Mountain,  North  Carolina. 


ig6  HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 

living  is  very  cheap  ; it  is  a great  fruit  growing  section.  We  welcome 
all  good  moral  citizens  without  regard  to  politics  or  religion.” 

High  Point  has  four  daily  mails,  telegraph  and  express  offices,  and 
is  easily  accessable  from  all  points  north  and  south.  With  religious 
advantages  High  Point  is  well  provided,  the  following  denominations 
being  represented  : Methodist,  Baptist,  Presbyterian,  Quaker,  and 

Episcopalian,  among  whom  the  kindest  feeling  exists.  The  drives  in 
and  about  High  Point  are  excellent.  The  water  is  good,  pure  freestone. 
The  land  in  and  about  the  city  is  of  good  quality,  noted  for  the  fine 


Residence  of  Capt.  W.  H.  Snow,  High  Point, 


quality  of  the  tobacco  raised,'  and  High  Point  has  become  quite  a 
tobacco  centre,  having  extensive  tobacco  warehouses  and  tobacco  facto- 
ries, and  here  the  celebrated  “Snow  Tobacco  Barn”  is  manufactured 
by  Capt.  W.  H.  Snow,  who  came  here  many  years  ago  from  New  Eng- 
land and  is  now  Mayor  of  the  city. 

Mayor  Snow  says — “ It  is  conceded  that  High  Point  is  one  of 
the  healthiest  towns  in  the  United  States.  I have  lived  in  this  county 
2 r years  and  have  found  the  place  remarkable  in  that  way.  We  are 
supplied  with  everything  needful  for  comfort.  High  point  will  be  found 


Ttie  French  Broad  River. 


198 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


V-  r ■■7 


a pleasant'  place,  and  the  people  kindly  disposed  to  all  respectable 
persons.” 

High  Point  has  extensive  sash  and  blind  factories,  one  of  the  largest 
in  the  State  being  located  here.  A cotton  factory,  planing  mills,  spoke 


A Scene  in  the  Mountains  of  North  Carolina, 

and  handle  factory,  a flouring  mill,  good  stores,  livery  stables,  and  ex- 
cellent hotels  which  are  well  kept,  and  are  more  fully  described  on 
other  pages.” 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


199 


In  the  summer  the  society  of  Friends  hold  their  annual  meeting  here, 
when  the  little  city  is  full  to  overflowing.  In  the  Autumn,  the  meeting 
of  the  Eastern  Field  Trials  Club  taxes  the  capacity  of  the  hotels  and 
boarding  houses,  and  it  is  seldom  that  so  many  fine  dogs  are  gathered 
together  as  are  brought  here. 

The  Eastern  Field  Trials  Club.— In  the  year  1881  after  the 
conclusion  of  its  meeting,  finding  that  the  accommodations  on  Rob- 


A Picnic  Party, 


bins’  Island,  situated  in  great  Peconic  Bay,  Long  Island,  was  insuffi- 
cient to  run  the  dogs  of  the  increasing  stakes,  they  looked  about  to 
find  more  suitable  quarters,  and  after  much  consideration  decided  upon 
High  Point  as  presenting  greater  advantages  than  any  other  location, 
and  in  conformity  with  the  above  resolution  the  Club  held  their  Field 
Meeting  commencing  with  the  Members’  Stake,  on  Friday,  Nov.  17th, 
1882,  at  9 :5o  a.m.,  with  15  entries.  It  was  a highly  successful  meeting 
as  each  succeeding  meeting  has  been.  The  Club  rent  ground  privileges 
of  the  plantation  owners  for  10  cents  per  acre,  which  is  about  equivalent 


200 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


to  paying  the  taxes.  The  Club  as  a general  rule  have  from  loo  to  150 
dogs  here,  and  the  attendance  is  always  large.  Many  handlers  and 
trainers  go  down  as  early  as  Oct.  ist,  and  prepare  the  dogs  in  their 
charge  for  the  coming  trials,  and  at  the  opening  of  the  Meeting  the 
hotels  and  boarding  houses  are  filled  to  overflowing.  The  officers  of 
the  Club  are,  B.  F.  Wilson,  Esq.,  Pres.  ; J.  Otto  Donner,  Esq.  and 
Francis  R.  Hitchcock,  Esq.,  Vice-Presidents;  Washington  A.  Coster, 
Sec’y  and  Treas. 

Educational  Advantages.— High  Point  stands  out  preemi- 
nent as  to  the  interest  manifested  by  her  citizens  in  the  growth  and 


encouragement  of  her  educational  interests.-  It  might  be  well  to  com- 
pare High  Point  with  many  other  towns  in  the  State  in  this  respect. 

^ There  can  be  no  greater  consideration  on  the  part  of  parents,  who  have 
children  to  educate,  than  the  health  of  those  children  after  they  have 
left  the  parental  roof.  From  its  lofty  situation  and  natural  drainage, 
High  Point  bears  the  very  proud  and  enviable  distinction  of  being  one 
of  the  healthiest  towns  in  the  South,  and  from  the  mildness  of  its 
winters  offers  an  inviting  home  to  those  of  delicate  constitutions. 
High  Point  is  now,  and  has  been  for  years,  free  from  bar-rooms 
and  places  of  vice.  Every  influence  i.s  thrown  around  the  young 


A Morning  Ride, 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


201 


Snow's  Tobacco  Barn— Curing  the  Tobacco. 

child:en  to  educate  should  look  to  the  advantages  which  High  Point 
offers. 

The  opening  of  the  High  Point,  Randleman,  Ashboro  & Southern 
Railroad,  which  extends  through  a fine  lumber  country,  makes  High 
Point  a lumber  market  of  no  small  magnitude. 


to  prevent  their  being  led  astray ; and  the  temptation  to  do  otherwise 
is  not  placed  before  them  in  this  moral  community.  In  addition  to  the 
public  and  private  schools  there  is  the  High  Point  Female  College,  J. 
A.  Stallings,  president,  with  competent  assistants.  Parents  who  have 


202 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


The  Snow  Lumber  Company  do  an  extensive  wood-working  busi- 
ness—probably  the  largest  in  the  State.  The  officers  are:  R.  F. 
Dalton,  president;  J.  H.  Millis,  vice-president;  E.  .A.  Snow,  secretary 
and  treasurer.  The  High  Point  Furniture  Company,  the  High  Point 
Machine  Works,  the  Guilford  Flouring  Mills,  the  Cox  Spoke,  Handle 


Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn  — Ths  Engine. 

and  Shuttle  Block  Factory,  the  Empire  Plaid  Mills,  the  Barker  Sash 
and  Blind  Factory,  and  the  Tobacco  Manufacturing  Establishments  of 
Messrs.  W.  P.  Pickett  & Co.  and  J.  H.  Jenkins  & Co.,  are  all  in  a 
flourishing  condition. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


203 


Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn. — One  of  the  most  important  industries 
of  High  Point  is  the  manufacture  of  this  famous  invention,  of  which 
the  Mamifacturers'  Record  contains  the  following  interesting  descrip- 
tion : — “This  barn,  the  invention  of  Captain  W.  H.  Snow,  is  des- 
tined, in  a great  measure,  to  revolutionize  the  tobacco  business.  The 


Snow’s  Tobacco  Barn  — Interior  View, 

old  process  of  ‘charcoal’  and  ‘flue’  drying  was  slow  and  expensive, 
and  in  no  wise  as  sure  a method  as  this.  Another  point  is  that  by  the 
old  method  the  leaves  were  dried  upon  the  stalk,  while  in  the  ‘ Modern 
Barn’  they  are  taken  from  the  stalk  and  dried  independently,  thus 
insuring  a much  more  uniform  curing,  the  gaining  of  which,  it  is  said, 
more  than  doubles  the  value  of  the  product.  In  the  old  log  barn  the 


204 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


leaves  are  left  upon  the  stalk  and  then  hung  over  a stick  fastened 
in  the  barn,  and  the  heat  ascending  dries  first  the  outer  leaves,  and 
then  the  inner,  thus  making  the  outer  too  dry  if  the  inner  are  suffi- 
ciently cured.  In  the  ‘Modern  Barn’  a series  of  sticks,  with  wire 
points  projecting  are  arranged  upon  a frame.  The  leaves  are  pressed 
upon  these  wire  points,  at  equal  distances  from  each  other,  and  receive 
the  heat  upon  every  point  of  their  surface  at  once.  After  the  frame  is 
filled  it  is  hoisted  to  the  top  of  the  barn  by  means  of  a pulley,  and 
another  filled  to  take  its  place  immediately  under  it  until  the  whole 
space  is  occupied.  Captain  Snow  has  patented  every  part  of  his  plan 
and  has  invented  the  machinery  to  make  it  the  most  expeditiously. 
The  entire  work  is  done  in  his  own  work-shops  and  under  his  own 
supervision.  The  complete  barn  in  ‘knock-down’  shape  is  taken  to 
the  farm  ; the  only  thing  to  be  done  after  it  has  reached  its  destination 
being  to  put  it  together,  and  wherever  it  has  been  tested  it  has  given 
perfect  satisfaction.  The  invention  of  this  barn  is  but  another  illus- 
tration of  the  many  improvements  that  are  coming  into  use  to  increase 
the  value  of  the  products  of  Southern  soil  and  Southern  mines.  It 
will,  doubtless,  prove  to  the  tobacco  farmers  of  the  South  as  great  a 
blessing  as  the  utilization  of  cotton  seed  for  oil  making  has  proved  to 
cotton  planters.  Captain  Snow  manufactures  the  ‘ Modern  Barn 
Smoking  Tobacco,’  with  a view  of  proving  the  value  of  this  method  of 
curing  tobacco,  and  experts  pronounce  it  a ‘most  superior  grade.’ 


®HIS  popular  winter  resort  is  situated  on  the  west  banks  of  the  St. 
John’s  River,  27  miles  from  St.  Augustine,  with  which  it  has 
frequent  communication.  The  river  sweeps  broad  and  deep 
around  three  sides  of  this  busy  little  city,  “ the  Gem  City  of  the  St. 


The  Kean  Block. 


Johns,”  and  from  the  distance  the  heights  look  down  from  their  pine- 
covered  crests  on  the  mass  of  human  life  which  swarm  at  their  feet,  as 
they  did  years  and  years  ago,  when  the  red  man  occupied  this  region. 
Here  they  smoked  the  pipe  of  peace  and  invoked  the  favor  of  the  Great 


2o6 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Spirit  they  heard  in  the  thunder,  and  felt  in  the  breeze,  and  saw  in  the 
sunlight. 

Here  they  recited  their  legends  and  intoned  their  songs,  and  here  on 
our  bright  waters  glanced  their  light  canoes.  Here  they  passed  their 


On  the  St.  Johns  River. 

■mighty  Welaka  (chain  of  lakes)  so  frequently  tl\at  the}'  named  it 
Palatka  (The  Crossing). 

Then  came  the  white  man,  and  he  appeared  to  them  out  of  the  vast 


The  Carleton  House. 

unknown.  He  sailed  on  broad  wings  which  made  his  ships  the  sacred 
birds  of  their  gods,  and  he  slew  them  with  the  thunder  which  was  to 
them  the  voice  of  the  Great  Father.  To  these  children  of  Mother 
Nature  the  Spaniard  was  proud  and  cruel.  Is  it  strange  that  the  Indian 


The  Putnam  Housei  Palatka. 


i 


2o8 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


finally  believed  him  a devil,  and  sought  to  break  his  power  by  killing 
the  “medicine  men”  whose  enchantments  bound  the  thunder  in  sub- 
mission to  his  hands  ? Is  it  strange  that  the  Spaniards  had  no  pity  for 
the  race  which  refused  their  faith,  tortured  their  priests,  and  joined  their 
enemies  of  the  Old  World  to  slay  and  hang? 

Consumed  by  ignorance,  corrupted  by  the  vices  of  their  foes,  made 
doubly  cunning  by  contact  with  overpowering  force,  the  aborigines  of 
Florida  received  with  open  arms  their  brothers  from  the  North,  who 
promised  assistance  and  strove  to  give  it.  And  Spain  gave  place  to 


Residence  of  Col  H,  S.  Hart. 

England,  and  England  to  the  sons  who  had  defied  her,  and  each  passed 
in  turn  to  the  other  the  savage  and  his  lands  as  a possession  won  by 
the  right  arm  of  the  Christian  whose  faith  forbids  robbery.  The  Indian 
cared  little  ; they  were  all  white  and  all  his  enemies. 

But  there  came  a time  when  the  last  stand  was  to  be  made,  and 
Oseola  and  Cacaochee  defied  the  overwhelming  power  of  the  stronger, 
as  did  the  Greeks  of  old.  In  the  fastnesses  of  their  forests  and  the 
depths  of  the  Everglades  the  beaten  tribes  of  Muskokees,  Chickasaws, 
Cherokees,  Tuscaroras,  and  Choctaws,  assumed  leadership  over  the 
owners  of  the  soil,  and  stood  ready  to  die  as  brave  men  have  often 
done.  The  confederacy  was  known  as  the  Seminoles,  or  “ Refugees.” 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH.  '209 

Then  the  advantages  of  Palatka  became  evident  to  the  e)-e  of  the  white 
man.  The  oaks,  which  liad  sheltered  Satouriara  and  his  fathers,  were 


An  Evergreen  Vase  in  Col,  Hart's  Garden. 

'felled  to  protect  the  foes  of  his  children,  and  eight  lofty  block-houses 
were  erected  along  the  river  front,  where  our  busy  wharves  now  stand, 
the  headquarters  of  successive  generals  who  sent  out  expeditions,  gener- 
.ally  fruitless,  to  crush  the  Seminoles.  On  the  spot  where  now  stands 


The  Daily  News  Building. 


210 


HEALTH  RESORTS  0-^'  THE  SOUTH. 


the  Putnam  House,  stables  for  four  hundred  horses  were  placed.  Here 
Generals  Scott,  Taylor,  and  Gaines  came  to  prove  that  the  glory  won 
on  far  distant  fields  could  be  lost  in  Florida,  and  the  abilities  potent 
against  kindred  nations  availed  nothing  when  confronted  with  the  wily 
tactics  and  unconquerable  spirit  of  a people  making  a stand  with  na 
road  for  flight. 

General  Twiggs  set  up  his  tent  on  the  crest  of  the  Heights,  on  what 
is  now  “The  Folly,”  the  residence  of  W.  C.  Hargrove,  and  from  his 
lofty  perch  looked  over  river  and  forest,  and  brooded  on  vain  schemes- 


The  Saratoga  House. 


of  attack  against  an  enemy  whose  tomahawk  always  arose  when  least 
expected,  and  who  presented  no  shield  for  the  straight  attack  of  a 
stronger  foe. 

In  those  days  of  warfare  Palatka  must  have  presented  a strange 
aspect.  The  call  of  the  sentry  resounded  everywhere ; the  soldier 
passed  with  stiff  carriage  on  his  round  of  daily  duties  ; the  settler  came 
in  with  fresh  tales  of  spoliation  or  butchery ; parties  passed  out  with 
full  ranks  and  fresh  uniforms,  only  to  return  with  diminished  numbers 
and  wasted  forms,  bringing  in  a few  half-starved  children  and  wolfish 
squaws  as  poor  compensation  for  blood  poured  out  like  water,  and 
bitter  hardships  which  made  young  men  old  and  gray.  Then  Oseola. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


2If 


was  betrayed,  the  Wild  Cat  was  killed,  and  Palatka  again  was  forgotten 
by  the  world  as  she  dreamed  out  her  sleepy  existence  in  the  warm  light 
of  her  perennial  sunshine. 

Only  a few  years,  and  again  was  sounded  the  notes  of  the  drum 
drawing  young  men  to  the  battle-fields  of  Virginia  and  Tennessee ; the 
uncouth  gunboats  steamed  up  the  river  and  woke  the  deep  echoes  with 
the  thunder  of  their  heavy  guns  and  shrill  whistles  and  loud  martial 
music.  Palatka  again  became  a garrison  town.  One  of  her  buildings 
yet  shows  the  path  of  shells,  and  in  through  the  old  Putnam  one  passed, 


The  Residence  of  A.  J.  Kennerly, 


and  we  had  the  old  scars  to  show  till  they  were  wiped  out  by  the  fire  of 
1884.  In  the  neighborhood  are  still  found  these  heavy  shot,  and  from 
the  sides  of  our  hills  they  are  still  exhumed  and  shown  as  mementoes 
of  a period  which  has  passed  into  history  and  ceased  to  be  of  greater 
interest  than  that  of  the  Indian  War,  for  the  garrison  of  Palatka  had  to 
keep  watch  and  ward  as  in  a beleaguered  castle. 

Then  came  Lee's  surrender.  Soldiers  dropped  the  sword,  and  worked 
or  “talked”  as  they  had  done  before.  Gradually  out  of  the  dust  of 
defeat  was  born  the  New  South.  The  climate  of  Florida  remained  the 
balmiest  under  heaven,  and  suffering  humanity  longed  for  the  warm 
air  of  the  Gulf  and  the  spicy  breezes  of  our  hills. 


212 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


In  1 88 1 the  Florida  Southern  Railway  was  accorded  an  entrance,  and 
the  beginning  of  its  work  was  the  beginning  of  yet  another  chapter  in 
this  history  of  changes.  With  ample  encouragement  from  city  and 
state,  this  railway  made  a beginning  at  its  wharf  on  the  St.  Johns  River, 
and  pushed  rapidly  through  to  Gainesville.  It  opened  up  a fertile  and 
inviting  country ; settlements  sprung  up  like  magic  along  its  line  which 
already  aspire  to  the  dignity  of  cities.  Groves,  farms  and  gardens 
flourished  and  grew,  and  sought  their  natural  outlet  in  Palatka,  and 
from  the  business  thus  created  the  present  city  was  made  a necessity. 


The  Academy  of  the  Sacred  Heart 

and  it  became  a growing  town  which  was  more  than  a sanitarium  and 
greater  than  a winter  resort. 

Then  the  construction  of  the  Palatka  and  Indian  River  Railway 
began,  and  the  progressive  city  looked  farther  and  prepared  itself  for 
enlarged  opportunities  which  awaited  it  in  the  future.  In  the  mean- 
time, the  bank  of  Wm.  J.  Winnegar  & Co.  was  established,  and  soon 
had  a heavy  business.  The  facilities  it  alforded  the  business  circles  of 
the  city  and  vicinity  was  quickly  appreciated,  and  a larger  building  and 
wider  connections  were  made  necessary.  \\  ithin  a year,  constantly 
growing  in  strength  and  importance,  it  became  the  First  Rational  Bank 
of  Palatka,  now  well  known  in  financial  circles,  and  one  of  the  most 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


213 


important  features  of  the  present  city.  It  is  one  of  the  State  Deposit- 
ories and  is  still  under  the  same  management.  In  1869  the  Palatka 
Herald  was  established  by  G.  W.  Pratt,  and  is  the  oldest  paper  on  the 
St.  Johns  River  and  in  East  Florida,  and,  in  connection,  has  an  ex- 
cellent job  office.  Hitherto,  the  daily  papers  of  the  State  were  confined 
to  Jacksonville ; and  Palatka  was  again  the  first  to  set  an  example  to 
her  sisters,  on  the  28th  of  February,  1884,  the  first  number  of  the 
Palatka  Daily  News  was  issued  (which  was  accompanied  immediately 
by  the  Weekly  News)  and  is  now  a daily  of  metropolitan  proportions. 


Residence  of  F,  A,  Garrison. 


carrying  a fine  job  establishment,  and  publishing  the  full  Associated 
Press  despatches  and  market  reports. 

These  were  great  days  for  the  steamboat  business.  Palatial  steamers 
were  nearly  always  in  sight.  Nearly  one  hundred  boats  of  large  size 
were  plying  between  Jacksonville  and  Sanford,  and  many  of  them  w’ere 
especially  built  for  the  accomodation  of  passengers,  and  sumptuously 
fitted  up.  On  these,  during  the  winter,  crowds  of  tourists  passed  up  the 
river,  and  returned  to  Palatka  declaring  the  scenery  on  the  St.  Johns 
entirely  different  from  that  of  any  other  river  and  unsurpassed  in  beauty 
by  that  of  the  famous  streams  which  have  won  the  admiration  of 
travellers  and  inspired  the  strains  of  poets  for  all  ages. 


214 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Parties  interested  in  the  Florida  Southern  Railway  had  also  secured 
the  services  of  two  fine  steamships,  “The  City  of  Palatka,”  and  “The 
City  of  Monticello,”  and  these  supplied  the  demands  of  a growing  trade 
of  passenger  business  with  Charleston,  and  through  this  channel  with 
the  East.  All  heavy  freight  was  then  brought  by  water,  and  the 
wharves  of  Palatka  were  crowded,  while  schooners  discharged  hay, 
grain  and  ice.  Local  steamers  brought  oranges  and  vegetables. 

But  this  busy  scene  was  changed  in  a few  hours,  and  ashes  of  deso- 
lation lay  in  its  place.  About  lo  P.  M.,  November  yth,  1884,  a fire 


Residence  of  Major  S.  Conant, 

broke  out  in  one  of  the  rooms  in  the  rear  of  the  store  occupied  by 
Devereaux,  Rogero  & Co.,  which  soon  made  the  old  wooden  town  a 
thing  of  the  past.  The  following  description  of  the  scene  and  its 
accompanying  circumstances  is  taken  from  the  Palatka  News,  published 
on  the  morning  following  the  conflagration,  and  already  breathes  the 
hopes  which  were  afterwards  so  abundantly  realized. 

“ The  night  of  November  yth,  1884,  brought  to  Palatka  destruction  as 
complete  as  that  which  befell  Chicago ; but  not  for  one  instant  did  the 
spirit  of  her  people  falter.  Both  her  journals  as  well  as  her  people  dis- 
dained the  idea  of  asking  aid  from  others,  and  goods  were  ordered  by 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


215 


telegraph  while  the  ruins  were  still  smoking.  Offers  of  help  came  from 
all  quarters,  and  the  following  from  Florida’s  Governor  elect  is  but  a 
specimen  of  many : 

Pensacola,  Nov.  16,  1884. 
Hon.  Benja7nin  Harriso7i,  Palatka,  Fla.: 

My  Dear  Judge, — I heartily  sympathize  with  the  good  citizens  of 
Palatka.  So,  also,  do  the  citizens  of  Pensacola,  who  in' the  past  have 
similarly  suffered.  If  money  is  needed  to  relieve  any  sufferers  from  your 
dreadful  fire,  draw  on  me  to  the  extent  of  $500 ; and,  if  you  so  advise, 
our  people  will  subscribe  and  forward  help  according  to  their  ability. 

Faithfully  your  friend, 

E.  A.  Perry. 


Captain  Lucas'  Boathouse  and  Wharf. 


“ The  Palatka  of  1884,  with  her  splendid  river  front,  her  two  fine  rail- 
roads, and  the  scores  of  palace  steamers  paying  tribute  to  her  throne, 
realized  the  aphorism,  “uneasy  lies  the  head  that  wears  a crown.” 
Overlooking  the  river  and  fronting  on  Front  Street  stood  the  Larkin 
House'  at  the  corner  of  Lemon  and  Front  Streets,  the  Putnam  House 
occupied  a whole  block,  and  a little  army  of  seir-ants  were  at  work  pre- 
paring the  great  hotel  for  her  winter  guests.  From  Front  Street  down 
Lemon,  to  the  river,  the  space  was  filled  with  great  stores,  full  of  goods. 
From  Front  to  Reid  stood  Moragne’s  pharmacy,  the  post  office,  the  new 


2i6 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


building,  three  stories  high,  to  be  occupied  by  the  Second  National  Bank,, 
the  First  National  Bank,  the  residence  of  Mr.  Joseph  Price,  and  the 
Putnam  pharmacy.  On  the  corner  of  Water  and  Lemon  Streets  stood 
the  great  stores  of  Devereaux,  Rogero  & Son  ; opposite  was  Griffin's  new 
brick  block,  full  of  stores,  including  those  of  Vertrees  & Co.,  Haughton 
Brothers,  and  Kennedy  & Co.  Then  down  Water  Street,  next  the 
river,  were  the  warehouses  of  Griffin  and  Adams,  Dunn’s  store,  with  a 
large  stock,  the  immense  hardware  establishment  of  E.  T.  Lane,  and 
the  fine  offices  occupied  by  Colonel  Hart  and  others. 


Residtrnca  cf  G.  W.  Pratt. 

About  to  P.  M.  of  November  yth,  a blaze  was  seen  bursting  through- 
the  roof  of  the  small  store-room  used  for  oils  and  spirits  by  Devereaux, 
Rogero  & Son.  The  firemen,  with  engine  and  hooks  and  ladders, 
were  on  hand,  but,  for  some  reason  not  yet  ascertained,  the  engine  sent 
no  water  through  the  hose.  Meantime,  the  flames  burst  in  volumes 
through  the  roof,  and  the  firemen  broke  open  the  building  onh'  to  find 
themselves  in  danger  from  the  exploding  liquids.  Then  the  engine 
began  to  act,  but  too  late.  Bravely  the  nozzle-men  poured  a full  stream 
at  short  range.  But  a fierce  wind  drove  the  high  flames  across  the 
intervening  space,  and  the  main  building  occupied  by  Devereau.x, 
Rogero  & Son  caught.  Then  the  blaze  leaped  across  Lemon  Street 
and  attacked  Graham’s  hotel,  while  explosion  after  explosion  followed 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


217 


from  the  stores.  Across  Water  Street,  Griffin’s  block  caught,  and  the 
conflagration  marched  towards  Kennedy’s  building,  which  was  only 
saved  by  the  engines  and  crew  of  the  Chattahoochee  led  by  Capt. 
Fitzgerald.  Meantime  Lemon  Street  was  ablaze  on  both  sides,  and, 
the  flames  wheeling  around  Moragne’s  corner,  charged  across  Front 
Street  and  attacked  the  Putnam.  Then,  on  both  sides  of  Front  Street, 
sweeping  out  of  existence  everything  that  could  be  burned,  to  Reid 
Street.  Across  Reid  Street  the  flames  could  not  go,  being  stopped  by 


Residence  of  C.  P Devereaux. 

Colonel  Hart’s  grounds  on  one  side  and  by  the  gap  left  by  the  demolition 
of  the  Smith  building  at  the  corner  of  Reid  and  Front  streets. 

At  the  corner  of  Lemon  and  Front,  Fry’s  brick  block  offered  a point 
of  resistance,  and  the  defence  of  Murray’s  store  saved  a block  south  of 
Lemon  and  west  of  Front.  But  between  Lemon  and  Front,  to  the  river, 
a clean  sweep  was  made,  and  from  Ackerman’s  corner  only  ashes  are 
left  of  a whole  block  which  includes  the  Larkin  and  -the  new  brick 
Presbyterian  Church,  and  extends  in  a triangular  form  between  Lemon 
and  Front  streets  and  the  river,  to  the  office  of  the  J.,  T.  & K.  W. 
Railway."’ 


2lS 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


But  to  this,  as  to  all,  the  people  replied  that  the  work  of  rebuilding 
would  immediately  be  undertaken  by  those  who  had  money,  and  those 
who  had  none  could  work  and  live  on  their  wages.  This  was  the  spirit 
which  had  made  Palatka  what  it  is.  In  this  season  of  difficulty  some 
anonymous  hand  sowed  slanders  throughout  the  country  which  injured 
the  community  more  than  the  fire.  Some  anonymous  brain  concocted 
a telegram  which  was  sent  to  different  papers  and  generally  published. 
It  was  asserted  that  the  negroes  had  set  fire  to  the  citv',  that  a race  war 
had  been  inaugurated,  the  Gem  City  Guards  had  been  called  out  and 


Fry's  Natural  History  Store. 

massacres  were  hourly  expected.  To  correct  this,  the  citizens  held  a 
mass  meeting.  Resolutions  contradicting  the  slander  were  adopted  and 
telegraphed  to  the  papers  which  had  published  the  report.  The  Palatka 
Daily  News  denounced  the  defamer  of  his  people  ; the  press  of  Jackson- 
ville joined  in  the  work,  and  at  last  the  New  York  Herald  made  ample 
reparation.  Meantime  the  City  Council  met  and  passed  an  ordinance 
which  instituted  a limit  within  which  all  wooden  buildings  could  be 
removed  by  the  Mayor.  The  ground  was  broken  for  the. first  brick  build- 
ing on  November  24th,  1885.  This  was  the  Kean  Block,  at  the  corner 
of  Lemon  and  Front  Streets,  now  belonging  to  Mrs.  Wall. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


219 


The  new  Putnam  House  was  begun  on  May  ist,  1885,  and  opened  on 
January  26th,  1886. 

In  1884  and  1885  the  business  houses  along  the  burnt  front  of  Lemon 
and  Water  Streets  were  restored  in  fine  brick  buildings. 

Then  on  Front  Street,  W.  C.  Snow  and  the  First  National  Bank 
erected  substantial  structures  worthy  of  a much  larger  population,  and 
At  the  commencement  of  the  season  of  1886,  Palatka  was  a brick  city. 
The  fine  block  in  which  the  post  office  is  now  situated  had  been  erected 
before  this  by  State-Treasurer  E.  S.  Grill,  and  on  each  side  arose  other 


Residence  of  F.  C.  Cochrane. 


blocks.  Meantime,  the  Jacksonville,  Tampa  and  Key  West  Railway 
had  been  completed  from  Jacksonville  to  Palatka,  and  gave  the  public 
a thoroughfare  second  to  none  in  the  South.  Through  the  energetic 
efforts  of  many  citizens,  led  by  S.  J.  Kennedy,  and  the  contributions  of 
many  others,  the  managers  of  this  road  located  their  shops  in  Palatka, 
and  the  year  1885  will  remain  celebrated  by  the  success  which  crowned 
the  efforts  of  her  people  to  make  the  new  city  grander  and  better  in  all 
material  interests  than  the  old,  which  had  disappeared  in  smoke. 

The  Florida  Southern  road  had  extended  its  line  far  down  into  the 
heart  of  the  peninsula,  and  was  progressing  rapidly  to  the  Gulf — the 
Jacksonville,  Tampa  and  Key  West  absorbed  the  Indian  River  road  and 


220 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


ran  south,  parallel  with  the  St.  John’s,  crossed  the  river  at  the  northern 
end  of  Lake  Monroe,  and  pushed  into  Sanford.  Thus  a wide  stretch  of 
fertile  country,  rich  in  golden  opportunities,  was  opened  up  to  our  mer- 
chants who  quickly  occupied  the  vacant  territory.  Many  of  our  business 
enterprises  have  exhibited  marvelous  growth.  Palatka,  which  in  1852 
had  a population  of  less  than  a dozen  families,  to-day  boasts  of  broad 
streets  and  substantial  hotels,  with  water,  gas,  and  everything  that  goes 
to  make  up  a first-class  city. 


Residence  of  Mrs,  Sarah  E.  Wall. 


Churches.  That  the  religious  wants  of  Palatka  are  well  cared  for 
may  be  seen  from  the  fact  that  there  are  five  difterent  church  organi- 
zations, viz.,  Presbyterian,  Episcopal,  Methodist  Episcopal,  Baptist  and 
Roman  Catholic.  Each  church  has  provided  for  its  pastor  a com- 
modious parsonage. 

Schools.  The  public  schools,  of  which  there  are  two — one  for 
white  and  one  for, colored  children  — are  in  a flourishing  condition.  The 
Academy  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  situated  at  the  corner  of  Dodge  and 
Emmett  Streets,  under  the  charge  of  the  Sisters  of  St.  Joseph,  was 
established  in  1876  by  three  sisters,  with  not  more  than  a dozen  pupils. 
It  soon  outgrew  the  small  dwelling  house,  which  it  then  occupied,  and 
in  1878  the  present  fine  building  was  erected.  The  staflT  of  teachers  has. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH, 


22  I 


been  greatly  increased,  and  the  Academy  now  has  an  attendance  of 
from  eighty  to  one  hundred  pupils. 


First  National  Bank  of  Palatka. 


St,  Mark’s  School,  in  connection  with  the  Episcopal  Church,  pre- 
sents another  valuable  educational  advantage  for  our  visitors.  It  com- 
menced six  years  ago  with  thirty-six  pupils,  it  now  numbers  nearly  a 


A Sago  Palm  in  Colonel  Hart's  Garden, 


222 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


hundred,  with  a prospect  of  farther  growth.  The  school  building,  which- 
is  located  in  a pleasant  part  of  the  city,  is  well  lighted  and  ventilated, 
and  has  the  modern  appliances  for  school  purposes.  There  are  hun- 
dreds of  children  at  the  North  with  feeble  constitutions  who  would  be 
greatly  benefited  by  p'.irsuing  their  education  in  this  glorious  climate 
at  such  schools  as  these.  Visitors  passing  the  winter  in  Palatka  will 
find  educational  advantages  of  no  mean  order  at  this  school. 

Residences.  Few  Southern  cities  can  boast  of  more  attractive 
residences  than  Palatka,  which  are  built  in  the  most  thorough  manner 


Colonel  Hart’s  Ochlawaha  Steamer. 


and  of  various  styles  of  architecture,  many  of  which  are  surrounded  by 
fine  orange  groves  and  gardens  containing  a wealth  of  flowers  and 
shrubbery,  with  a great  variety  of  temperate,  tropical,  and  semi-tropical 
fruits,  and  embellished  with  fountains.  The  most  attractive  of  these 
residences  are  represented  by  our  engravings,  the  latest  and  most 
elegant  of  which  is  that  of  Major  S.'Conant,  of  the  Southern  Florida 
Railway,  situated  at  the  corner  of  Dodge  and  Emmet  streets. 

Secret  and  other  Organizations. 

F.  A.  M. — Palatka  Lodge,  No.  34,  meets  first  and  third  Fridays,  each 
month.  . 

A.  O.  U.  \V. — Putnam  Lodge,  No.  10,  meets  every  Wednesday 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


223 


Knights  of  Pythias. — St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  8,  meets  every 
Thursday  evening. 

Knights  of  Honor. — Harmony  Lodge,  No.  2767,  meets  first  and 
third  Mondays,  each  month. 

I.  0.  R.  A. — Seminole  Tribe,  No.  4,  meets  first  and  third  Tuesday 
of  each  month. 

Gem  City  Guards,  meets  first  Monday  of  each  month. 

Putnam  Brass  Band,  meets  first  Monday,  each  month. 

\V.  C.  T.  U.  Free  reading  rooms,  open  2 to  10  P.  M. 


The  Louise,  the  Transfer  Boat  of  the  St.  A.  &.  P.  R,  R. 

Hotels. 

The  Putnam  House,  on  Lemon,  Reid,  Front  and  First  Streets,  is 
one  of  the  best  kept  houses  in  the  South,  as  is  evidenced  to  the 
travelling  public  from  the  fact  that  it  is  kept  by  Oscar  G.  Barron,  propri- 
etor of  the  famous  White  Mountain  hotels. 

The  Carleton  House,  on  Orange  and  Third  Streets,  is  near  the 
Court  House,  and  is  well  represented  by  our  engraving.  It  is  kept  by 
Andrew  Shelley,  and  has  a good  reputation  with  the  travelling  public. 

The  Saratoga  House,  on  Lemon  Street,  owned  by  Cook  Carleton, 
is  well  represented  by  our  engraving. 

Phcenix  Hotel. — Among  the  substantial  brick  buildings  of  the  city 
is  the  Phoeni.x  Hotel,  owned  by  S.  J.  Kennedy,  which  is  situated  quite 
near  the  river. 


;24 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


Bangor  House. — A good,  but  small,  family  hotel,  where  excellent 
board  may  be  obtained  for  the  winter  at  reasonable  rates,  is  the  Bangor 
House,  situated  quite  near  the  Putnam,  kept  by  L.  R.  Gray. 

Palatka  "Water  "Works.  Probably  no  class  of  public  improve- 
ments contributes  more  to  the  general  welfare  of  populous  communities 
than  those  designed  to  furnish  an  abundant  supply  of  wholesome  water 
under  a pressure  adequate  for  fire  protection,  and  for  its  delivery  at  all 
points  where  it  may  be  needed  for  general  uses.  Palatka  is  favored  in 
this  direction  to  a degree  surpassing  that  of  probably  any  other  city  in 


The  Palatka  Water-Works.  The  Pumping  Station. 


the  State.  The  Palatka  Water  Works  is  a Florida  corporation,  organ- 
ized to  supply  the  city  and  its  inhabitants  with  water  for  the  extinguish- 
ment of  fires,  and  for  domestic,  manufacturing  and  other  purposes. 
The  entire  works  were  constructed  during  the  winter  of  1886-S7  by  the 
firm  of  Wheeler  & Parks,  of  Boston,  who  have  had  large  experience  as 
engineers  and  builders  of  water  works  in  man}’  States  of  the  Union. 
The  works  were  put  into  operation  about  April  ist.  The  source  of 
supply  is  White  Water  Branch,  a clear  stream  in  the  town  of  Palatka 
Heights,  fed  by  copious  and  never  failing  springs,  yielding  in  the 
driest  seasons  over  one  million  gallons  daily  of  pure,  soft  water,  and 
ample  in  quantity  for  a population  of  twenty  to  twenty-five  thousand. 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH.  225 

The  works  at  the  pumping  station  comprise  a storage  canal  eight 
hundred  feet  in  length,  ten  feet  wide,  and  five  feet  deep,  the  sides  of 
which  are  of  brick  masonry,  and  the  bottom  a clean  bed  of  sand 
covered  with  hard  pine  flooring.  This  resevoir  constitutes  a storage 
and  settling  basin  where  any  floating  or  suspended  particles  are  allowed 


The  Palatka  Water-Works.  The  Standpipe. 

to  settle  before  the  water  is  pumped  into  the  standpipe  and  mains. 
Also  the  pump  house,  which  is  a substantial  brick  building  about 
thirty  by  forty-five  feet,  one  story  high,  adjoining  which  is  an  orna- 
mental chimney  stack  about  sixty-five  feet  in  height.  In  the  boiler 
room  of  the  pump  house  are  two  large  boilers  of  fifty  horse  power  each, 
and  in  the  pump  room,  two  Worthington  duplex  pumps,  each  having  a 
capacity  of  one  million  gallons  daily.  The  pumping  plant  is  furnished 
with  condensers,  heaters,  and  all  the  appliances  of  a first-class  pump- 
ing system  of  works.  Adjoining  the  pump  house  is  a tool  and  fuel 
house  so  situated  as  to  be  filled  either  from  a side  track  upon  the 
Jacksonville,  Tampa  and  Key  West  R.  R.,  or  from  White  Watej- 


226 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


Drive.  This  building  is  large  enough  to  contain  about  six  months’ 
supply  of  fuel. 

From  the  pumping  station  the  water  is  forced  through  twelve  and 
ten  inch  mains,  either  directly  into  the  city  or  into  the  standpipe,  built 
upon  the  highest  point  of  Palatka  Heights.  The  standpipe  is  of  heavy 
plates  of  the  best  wrought  iron,  built  upon  a solid  foundation  of  brick, 
and  is  thirty  feet  in  diameter  and  fifty  feet  in  height,  having  a capacity 
of  about  two  hundred  thousand  gallons.  Around  the  top  is  an  orna- 
mental iron  balcony  and  railing,  to  which  access  is  had  by  an  iron 
ladder  fastened  to  the  side  of  the  tower.  From  this  balcony  can  be 
had  the  most  extended  and  comprehensive  view  of  the  surrounding 
country  to  be  obtained  from  any  point  in  this  vicinity. 

There  are  about  eight  miles  of  supply  and  distribution  pipes  of  cast 
iron,  from  twelve  to  four  inches  in  diameter.  The  number  of  fire 
hydrants  connected  with  these  works  is  fifty-nine,  five  of  which  are 
rented  to  railroad  companies,  four  by  the  town  of  Palatka  Heights,  and 
fifty  by  the  City  of  Palatka,  to  which  latter  number,  fifteen  additional 
hydrants  are  to  be  added  during  the  next  four  years.  From  these 
hydrants  several  fire  streams  can  be  thrown  at  once  over  the  highest 
buildings  in  the  city  with  the  pressure  from  the  standpipe  alone,  and 
they  constitute  a means  of  protection  against  fire  unsurpassed  in 
effectiveness  and  reliability. 

Much  credit  is  due  to  Mr.  Charles  Underwood,  a resident  of  Palatka, 
through  whom  the  attention  of  the  parties  owning  and  building  the 
works  was  first  brought  to  this  subject;  also  to  the  builders  of  the 
works,  of  whose  representative  in  charge  thereof  the  News  declared : 
“ Mr.  Wheeler  has  done  more  than  he  agreed  to  do,  and  his  labors  in 
behalf  of  the  City  of  Palatka  are  worthy  of  the  greatest  praise.” 

Palatka  Heights  is  a new  town  only  one  mile-from  the  business 
portion  of  Palatka,  on  a high  ridge  of  land  overlooking  the  city  and 
the  beautiful  St.  Johns  River,  and  no  finer  sight  probably  is  to  be 
witnessed  than  that  to  be  obtained  from  the  Palatka  Heights.  Arriv- 
ing at  the  brow  of  the  hill  from  the  country  in  the  early  morning,  a 
grand  view  is  to  be  had  of  the  St.  Johns  River,  with  its  dazzling  sheet 
of  water,  sparkling  in  the  sunlight,  moving  backward  in  a ceaseless 
flow  as  the  tides  rise  and  fall,  bearing  on  its  ample  bosom,  especially 
through  the  winter  season,  when  visitors  are  pouring  into  the  country, 
great  numbers  of  steamers,  large  and  small,  sail  and  row  boats  of  every 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH 


2.21 


description,  making  the  wharves  of  the  city  a scene  of  busy  turmoil 
equal  to  that  of  much  larger  cities.  Approaching  the  city  at  night 
from  these  Heights,  the  scene  is  no  less  than  enchanting.  The  illumi- 
nations along  the  shore  by  the  moving  variegated  lights  of  the  river 
craft,  the  lighted  buoys,  and  the  lamplight  gleaming  from  hundreds  of 
houses  all  over  the  flats,  the  incoming  and  outgoing  headlights  of 
locomotives  rushing  along  their  respective  iron  pathways,  the  colored 


“The  Folly.”  The  Residence  of  W.  C.  Hargrove. 

“aloft  lights”  of  swinging  vessels  anchored  in  the  stream,  all  making 
a beautiful  panorama,  an  ever  dioramic  scene  never  to  be  forgotten. 

And  here  are  situated  some  of  the  finest  residences  of  Palatka’s  busi- 
ness men,  among  which  is 

“The  Folly,” 

the  residence  of  W.  C.  Hargrove,  comprising  fourteen  acres  of  land, 
beautifully  situated  about  one  hundred  feet  above  the  St.  Johns  River. 
The  place  is  covered  with  fine  oak  trees,  and  seventy-five  hundred  feet 


?23 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


of  carriage  drives,  bordered  with  sour  orange  hedges,  run  through  the 
grounds  ; from  many  points  on  these  avenues  most  charming  views  are 
obtained  of  Palatka,  the  St.  Johns  River,  and  surrounding  country. 
Twelve  acres  of  The  Folly  are  covered  with  thrifty  young  orange  trees, 
which  are  budded  with  the  choicest  varieties,  and  many  thousands  of 
these  trees  are  shipped  to  different  points  in  the  State  every  winter. 
The  place  is  open  to  visitors  daily,  and  a drive  through  the  grounds 
is  one  of  the  pleasures  greatly  enjoyed  by  tourists. 

The  grove  of  F.  A.  Garrison  is  also  situated  at  the  Heights  and  is  a 
very  attractive  estate. 


" Edgewater,"  Front  View  of  Residence. 


Edgewater  Grove.  Si.x  miles  above  Palatka,  on  the  east  side  of 
the  river,  is  this  beautiful  estate,  the  winter  home  of  W.  F.  Fuller,  of 
New  York,  one  of  the  most  attractive  in  Florida,  containing  over  2000 
orange  trees,  with  other  varieties  of  the  citrous  family,  also  Japan  per- 
simmons, Kieper  and  Le  Courte  pears,  pine  apples,  figs,  peaches, 
bananas,  etc.,  with  a greenhouse  for  propagating  the  more  delicate 
tropical  fruit  and  plants.  The  grounds  are  nicely  laid  out  with  a rare 
collection  of  choice  plants,  comprising  azaleas,  camelias,  palms,  and 
over  700  roses.  An  artesian  well,  flowing  at  the  rate  of  150,000  gallons 
per  day,  which  is  carried  over  the  grounds  by  pipes,  furnishes  an 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


229 


abundant  supply  of  water  for  irrigating  purposes  ; it  also  supplies  a 
bathing  pool  of  sulphur  water,  40  x 20  feet,  which  is  enclosed  and  has 
bathing  houses,  etc.  The  temperature  of  the  water  is  seventy-six 
degrees.  The  water  is  also  carried  to  the  stable  and  poultry  yards. 

The  house  is  a model  of  convenience,  two  stories  in  height,  contain- 
ing eleven  rooms,  with  hot  and  cold  water,  bath,  laundry,  etc.  A 
spacious  veranda  extends  around  three  sides,  on  which  climbing  roses 
and  flowering  vines  are  trained,  filling  the  air  with  their  sweet  perfume. 

There  is  a gardener’s  cottage,  stable,  and  various  outbuildings,  and  at 


" Edgewater.”  Side  View  of  Residence. 

the  wharf  a model  packing  house  for  the  storing  and  shipping  of  oranges. 

Edgewater  is  justly  celebrated  for  the  quality  of  its  fruit.  The 
oranges  bringing  fancy  prices  in  the  market.  Over  4000  boxes  being 
shipped  annually. 

Dr.  R.  C.  Flower’s  Winter  Home  is  on  the  St.  Johns 
River,  directly  opposite  Palatka.  Dr.  Flower  conceived  the  idea,  a 
few  years  ago,  of  a winter  home  in  the  South,  and,  after  visiting  the 
principal  places  of  attraction,  he  purchased  land  here.  In  the  first 
place  Dr.  Flower  selected  very  rich  land  ; in  fact,  there  is  not  a better 
piece  of  land  in  the  State.  There  is  hardly  any  calculating  the  work 


230 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


he  has  done,  from  the  clearing  of  the  forest  to  the  beautifying  of  the 
place.  He  has  nearly  fifty  acres  of  orange  grove,  which  is  in  the 
highest  state  of  cultivation.  The  thirty  acre  lot,  in  which  is  his  home, 
is  in  every  sense  of  the  word  an  ideal  tropical  garden.  Here  are  all 
kinds  of  tropical  plants,  trees,  flowers,  berries,  grasses  and  vines, 
including  thousands  of  rose-bushes  which  bloom,  leaf  and  blossom 
every  day  in  the  year.  There  are  two  very  large  artesian  wells  pouring 
forth  thousands  of  barrels  of  water  a day.  This  water  supplies  the 
house  and  the  Turkish  bath  (which  is  the  only  one  outside  of  St. 
Augustine,  in  the  State  of  Florida).  Under  sixty  acres  of  his  place 


Dr.  Flower's  Winter  Home  — The  Orange  Grove. 

two  inch  pipes  are  laid  one  hundred  feet  apart,  and  two  feet  under- 
ground with  hose  attachments  every  hundred  feet.  These  pipes  are 
connected  with  the  artesian  wells,  consequently,  in  case  of  a dry  season 
it  would  be  little  trouble  to  keep  the  place  fresh  with  mists  and 
showers. 

Surrounding  the  house  there  are  twelve  or  fifteen  acres  of  beautiful 
grass  lawns,  as  smooth  as  a table  top.  The  roads  running  all  over  the 
place  are  made  of  white  shell,  and  are  twenty  feet  wide,  making  an 
avenue  as  fine  as  any  street  in  New  England.  Here  are  lakes,  ponds, 


Winter  Home  of  Dr,  R,  C.  Flower,  opposite  Palatka,  Florida, 


232 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


and  fountains  from  which  flow  and  spurt  in  streams  and  sprays  crystal 
water  all  the  time.  In  the  centre  of  the  place  are  several  acres  of  deep, 
heavy,  tropical  forest  of  magnolia,  pine  and  oak,  the  ground  covered 
with  palmetto  plants,  and  the  trees  filled  with  vines  and  covered  with 
moss.  This  the  doctor  calls  his  jungle,  and  you  could  not  well 
imagine  more  of  a jungle.  The  driveway  to  the  river  runs  through 
this  jungle.  His  vegetable  garden  is  one  of  the  features  of  the 
estate.  Here  grow  fruits  and  vegetables  for  every  day  in  the 
year;  strawberries  from  January  to  January,  new  potatoes,  sweet  pota- 
toes, cabbage,  lettuce,  peas,  greens,  and  nearly  all  other  vegetables.- 


Dr.  Flower’s  Winter  Home  — The  Green-house. 

His  gardeners  are  imported  Scotch  gardeners,  and  his  extensive 
poultry  yards  are  under  the  most  competent  management. 

The  house  is  a two  and  a half  story  Queen  Anne  style  with  extensive 
porches  all  around.  It  was  made  in  Boston  and  shipped  to  Florida, 
and  carpenters  were  sent  to  put  it  up.  It  is  thoroughly  modern  with 
every  convenience.  The  doctor  keeps  considerable  stock  in  his  pas- 
tures and  with  his  hunting  horses  for  the  land,  and  his  steam-launch 
and  small  boats  for  the  water,  he  spends  most  of  the  time  out  of  doors. 
He  makes  several  trips  during  the  winter  to  Florida,  staying  from  a 
week  to  two  weeks  at  a time.  To  quote  Dr.  Flower's  own  language  ; — 
“I  take  more  pleasure  in  visiting  Florida  than  any  country  in  the 
world.  I consider  it  the  Italy  of  America.  A more  healthful  country 


HEALTH  RESORTS  OF  THE  SOUTH. 


233 


does  not  exist ; a more  beautiful  one  cannot  be  found.  It  is  a land  of 
birds,  flowers,  fruits  and  blossoms  ; rich  in  music  ; rich  in  beauty  ; rich 


Dr.  Flower’s  Winter  Home— The  Fish  Pond. 

in  fragrance.  With  the  summer  to  the  south,  winter  to  the  north, 
it  nestles  in  the  lap  of  spring,  semi-tropical  fairy  of  the  States." 


Interior  of  R.  J.  Riles’  Jewelry  Store,  Palatka. 

(A  list  of  real  estate  for  sale  in  Palatka  and  vicinity  may  be  obtained 
at  Chapin’s  Farm  Agency,  Boston,  Mass.) 


^COTTON  SEED  OIL 


COTTON 


SEED  OIL  MEAL. 

COTTON  SEED 
^COTTON  SEED 


OIL  CAKE. 
RE-GINS. 


Should  be  used  by  every  farmer  in  the  South  as  a stock  feed  and  fertilizer. 


‘Tl^e  • (ai^eenville  • Fertiliser. 


The  best  Fertilizer  in  the  market.  For  proof  of  this,  consult  the  following 
gentlemen  who  have  thorOTtgly  tested  its  merits: 

Capt.  O.  P.  Mills,  Greenville;  M'.  D.  Acker,  Anderson ; R.  F.  G.  Iloltzclaw, 
Greenville;  J.  D.  Charles,  Reedy  River;  A.  W.  McDavid,  Oakville;  F.  E.  Mc- 
Kenzie, Grove  Station;  R.  K.  Adams,  Reedy  River;  1)  R.  Anderson,  M.  I)., 
Fountain  Inn;  D.  R.  Adams,  Reedy  River;  .Joiin  Ferguson,  Greenville;  Capt. 
tVm. 'Wilkins,  Greenville;  C.  Q.  Hammond,  Ahl)eville;  R.  E.  Sloan,  Pendleton; 
Richd.  Linhardt,  Easley. 

ANALYSIS  : 

STATE  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Department  of  Agriculture,  i 
Columbia,  S.  C.,  Oct.  2.5,  ISSS.  i 

To  Greenville  Oil  Mill,  Greenville,  S.  C.  : 

Dear  Sir;  A’our  attention  is  called  to  the  follOM'ing  copy  of  Fertilizer 
Analysis  in  wluch  you  are  interested  : 

Fertilizer  Sample,  No.  373.  Drawn  at  Greenville,  March  IT,  1S8S. 
Analysis  No.  1199-Of  Greenville  Fertilizer. 

p.  c. 


Soluble  Phosphoric  Acid, 4.48 

Reverted,  . . 3.77 

Available, - S.2.7 

Insoluble, - 1-47 


Total,  - . 9.72 

Nitrogen  2.89  p.  c.,  equivalent  to 

Ammonia, 3.51 

Potash,  - 2.14 

(Equivalent  to p.  c.  Sulphate  of  Potash.) 

Moisture, S.40 

Relative  commercial  Valuation  per  ton  of  2000  lbs.,  S22.1S. 

Respectfully  submitted,  Philip  E.  Chaz.vl,  E.  M.,  Cliemist. 

Very  respectfully, 

A.  P.  Butler,  Commissioner  of  .\griculture. 
Analysis  Guaranteed  on  Sacks. 

p.  c. 

Available  Phosporic  .Aciil,  - 8 

Ammonia,  - 21 

Potash,  - - 

Greenville  Cotton  Seed  Oil  and  Ice  Co, 

Greenville,  S.  C. 


St  Co. 


WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  DEALERS  IN 

Drugs  & Medicines, 

Toilet  At^tieles, 


Paints  and  Oils,  Garden  and  Flower  Seeds,  etc. 

PRESCRIPTIONS  CAREFULLY  PREPARED. 


Post  Office  Building, 


VstRUHRUUR,  S.  G. 


rE 


St.  El-7vto. 


MONTICELLO.  FLORIDA. 


Jefferson  county,  in  which  Monticello  is  situateil,  has  more  fish,  game,  deer, 
hears,  panthers,  and  catamounts,  than  any  county  of  its  area  in  the  United 
States,  a fact  which  every  8])0rtsman  should  know. 

The  St.  Elmo  has  been  newly  and  elegantly  furnished,  and  will  he  found 
first-class  in  every  particular. 


M weU  equipped  Livery  Stable,  and  delightful  drives 
in  every  direction, 


J.  C.  S.  TIMBERLAKE,  Proprietor. 


fT  HE  OliRR  H OUSE,?- 

THLLUL/IH  FULLS,  GM. 


“THH  HIRGRHR  OF  THE  SOUTH” 

illlllllllllllllllllllli!!l||^^ 

200  'S'e&t  OUhou©  tlv&  = = = 

= = 'STvaiAt6-  tfi-e 

A GOOD  BAND.  AN  EXCELLENT  TABLE. 

SPECIAL  RATES  BY  THE  SEASON. 

Send  for  Circular,  to 

J.  C.  S.  TIMBERI.AKE,  Proprietor. 


L.ECTRICITY.i<^ 


<oc 


(5^ 


II/e  invitE  ths  rsadBr's  attEution  to  tha  fact  that  we 
havE  svEcial  facilitiBs  far  tha  application  of  alBctricity 
to  daniEstic  use,  and  will  take  plEasuve  in  submitting 
Estimatas  far  ths  fallowing  work,  viz.  ; 


ELECTRIC: 


Bells  and  Annunciators. 

Burglar  Alarms. 

Gas  Lighting. 

Incandescent  Light  Wiring. 

Electric  Door  Locks. 


WE  ALSO  APPLY 


[SPEAKING  TUBES. 

I MECHANICAL  BELLS. 


HSBURV  St  SON, 

(^35  a^d  lj(5f7t:  U/orl^$, 


3o  Boyce  Street, 


GREENUILLE,  S.  C. 


PATTERSON’S  IRON  WORKS, 

MA^•UKACT^RERS  OF 

Cook’s  Patent  Planter. 

The  best  planter  ever  introiluced. 
It  distributes  cotton  seed,  corn  and 
fertilizers  in  auy  quantity  desired. 

FOUNDERS  AND  MACHINISTS. 

Iron  and  Brass  Castings  of  every  descrip- 
tion Cast  and  Wrought  Iron  Railing. 


T.  F*KTTeRsoiNi  St  Son. 


AI.l=tA.NY,  GA. 


OiEST  end  drug  store, 

No.  5 PENDLETON  STREET.  - - GREENVILLE. 


HEADQUARTERS  FOR 


Toilet  Articles.  Perfumery,  Fancy  Articles,  Hair,  Nail  and  Tooth 
Brushes,  Combs,  Sponges,  etc. 


Choice  Confectionery. 

SODA  WATKR. 
CIGARS. 


A Fnli  Line  of  Patent  Medicines. 

D.  T.  BMCOT  St  CO. 


Vi.  A.  HODSON, 

Real  Estate  Agent, 

TvyilSERAL  LANDS  TK  SReCITTLTV, 
GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

A list  of  desirable  property  mailed  free  on  application. 


J.  W.  TODD, 

DEALER  IN 

F^UF^NITUHE) 


SENECA.  S.  C. 


J.  ]\r.  Westmoreland,  Presideut.  Frank  ITamjiond,  Treasurer. 

W.  H.  Westmoreland,  Secretary. 


THE 


COMPANY. 


Ill  Washington  St..  GREENVILLE,  S.  C, 


DIRECTORS. 


J,  JI.  Westmoreland.  Frank  IIam.mond.  \\Tlliam  Wilkins. 

.Tames  IT.  Ma.nm'ell.  .Tames  L.  Ork.  .T.  M.  McGee. 

TValter  S.  Gray. 

"Westmoreland’s  Cali.s.yya  Tonic  is  tli''  greatest  remedy  of  tlie  -ige.  It 
has  beeneii'  oised  by  prominent  physicians,  and  men  of  the  highest  stainling  who 
have  used  the  TONIC  and  know  whereof  they  speak.  Tliousands  of  Testimonials 
can  he  seen  at  our  otlice.  IVe  have  room  for  only  a few  in  this  space. 

A STRONG  ENDORSEMENT. 

Office  I^iedmont  Mfg.  Co.,  Piedmont,  S.  C. — Gentlemen : Nearly  two  years 
ago  I contracted  malaria  into  my  system,  and  suffered  greatly  from  time  to'  time 
from  it  in  various  forms  in  which  ft  developed.  Sometimes  hail  severe  chills  and 
fever — indigestion  followed  it,  ami  i was  generally  out  of  health.  East  S]iring  tor 
more  than  two  months  1 was  greatly  troubled  with  a disordered  condition  of  the 
bowels,  which  1 believe  was  the  result  of  tlie  malaria  still  existing  in  my  system. 
I visited  two  or  three  mineral  springs  celebrated  for  the  cure  of  malarial  diseases, 
without  the  slightest  henelit.  1 wa.s  also  treated  as  the  different  symptoms  devel- 
oped by  the  most  skilful  physicians,  but  was  not  relieved.  About  two  months  ago 
I concluded  to  try  Dr.  Westmoreland’s  Calisaya  Tonic,  prepared  by  The  West- 
moreland Calisaya  Tonic  Company,  but  1 must  confess  that  I had  little  confidence 
of  being  materially  benefited  by  it.  I have  taken  live  or  si.x  bottles  of  the  Tonic. 
Prom  the  beginning  T felt  relief  an  1 continueil  to  improve,  until  now  I feel 
quite  as  well  and  in  as  perfect  health,  as  1 ever  did  in  m3’  life,  and  believe  I am 
perfectly  well. 

H.  P.  HAMMETT,  President. 

A STATESMAN  SPEAKS. 

No  man  in  the  South  was  more  general!}'  and  more  favorably  known,  and  no 
man’s  opinion  was  more  highly  reverenced  than  that  of  the  late  e.x-Governor 
Perry,  of  South  Carolina.  For  some  time  previous  to  his  death.  Governor  Perr}' 
was  a sufferer  from  indigestion.  He  took  Dr.  Westmoreland’s  Calisaya  Tonic 
and  wrote  the  following  letter: 

Sans  Souci. 

Gentlemen I most  cordially  recommend  Dr.  "Westmoreland’s  Calisaf'a 
Tonic.  For  several  years  past  I have  been  troubled  with  indigestion  ami  dyspep- 
sia. My'  son.  Dr.  Hext  M.  Perry,  of  Philadelphia,  who  knows  the  ingredients 
which  compose  your  Tonic,  spoke  favorably  of  it.  In  the  course  of  two  months 
past  I have  used  four  bottles,  and  am  entirely  relieved. 

Vours  truly,  &c.,  B.  P.  I’ERR"!'. 

DR.  WESTMORELAND’S  CALISAYA  TONIC  is  sold  by  all  druggists  at 
50c  and  SI. 00  jier  Bottle. 


Iarrell’s  Hotel, 

HIGH  POINT,  N.  C. 

A GOOD  PLACE  TO  STOP  OVER,  AND  A G001> 
PLACE  TO  CONTINUE  ALL  THE  AVINTEH. 


lligli  I’oint  is  benutifally  sUuateil  at  an  elevation  of  a thousand  feet  a')Ove 
tlie  sea,  surrounded  by 

Pine  Forests,  with  t’hariiiing  Drives,  Pure  Freestone  Water,  amt  liood  Hunting. 

.lAURELL’S  HOTEL  is  located  near  the  Station,  and  has  FIRST-CLASS 
ACCOMMODATIONS. 

Spacious  Sample  Rooms  on  first  floor  for  Commercial  Men. 

TERMS:  $2.00  yer  day.  Special  rates  by  tlie  inontli. 


M.  JARRELL,  Proprietor. 


The  Greenville  Female  College. 


THH  DEPflHT|VIE]^T  is  under  the  control  of  Miss 

Helen  R.  Platt,  of  the  Chicago  Art  Institute.  Her  method  of 
instruction  is  scientific.  The  aim  of  this  department  is  to  qualify 
the  student  to  draw  and  paint  from  objects  and  natural  scenery. 
The  Course  of  Study  prescribed  is  the  same  as  that  pursued  by  the 
leading  Art  Institutes  in  the  United  States.  Students  may  take  a 
thorough  course  of  charcoal,  crayon,  oil  and  water  colors,  also  French 
pastel,  or  they  may  take  a shorter  course  of  any  one  of  these,  as  well 
as  Kensington,  Lustra  and  China  painting,  having  the  China  fired  in 
town. 

Charcoal  work  in  Outline  Chiaroscuro  and  Perspective  made  careful 
study.  Good  flats,  casts  and  busts  to  study  from,  also  charcoal  land- 
scapes from  Allonge  & Hunt  to  copy,  which,  when  done  properly, 
resemble  bold  engraving.  This  is  all  preparatory  to  working  from 
buildings  and  scenery  out  doors. 

Advanced  students  taught  to  work  from  the  human  face  and  form, 
also  from  animals  of  all  kinds,  as  they  can  be  brought  into  the  studio 
or  the  students  taken  out  doors  to  work  from  them. 

At  close  of  scholastic  year  there  will  be  an  exhibition  of  the  year’s 
work.  All  creditable  pieces  of  work  are  expected  to  be  framed.  Frames 
will  be  bought  wholesale  and  thereby  as  cheap  as  possible.  The  Art 
students  will  appear  at  exhibition  decorated  with  new  art  badge. 

Lessons  also  given  in  stamping,  designing  and  all  late  styles  of 
embroidery. 

Previous  to  the  session  of  1884-85,  the  means  of  imparting  instruc- 
tion in  Art  were  quite  limited,  and  the  number  of  pupils  rarely  exceed- 
ed five  or  six.  Under  the  thorough  and  enthusiastic  teaching  of  Miss 
Platt,  this  Department  has  steadily  grown  in  numbers  and  efficiency 
till  it  is  now  one  of  the  leading  interests  of  the  College.  Reference  is 
made  to  the  Catalogue  of  Works  of  Art  done  by  pupils  of  this  Depart- 
ment. 

An  elegant  studio,  fitted  with  models,  drawing  and  painting  apparatus, 
is  set  apart  for  pupils  in  Art. 


J.  Ell  WOOD  Cox, 


MANUFACTURER  OF 

Shuttle  Blocks,  Finished  Spokes, 

DOGWOOD  BOBBIN  HEADS, 

HICKORY  RIM  STRIPS,  SPOKE  BILLETS,  HANDLE  BLOCKS,  ETC. 


High  Poiht,  H-  C. 


TERRY’S 


Improved  Cotton  Seo*^l  Planter, 


RETAIL,  PRICE  REDUCED  TO  $6. 


TTJIIE  most  DTTRABLE  51.VCHIXE  IX  THE  MAltKET.  I'ufs  in  ilry  mi- 
rjlt  rolled  Cotton  Seed.  !mAKES  XO  XUISE.  The  leeil  I.S  I’EHEECT  and 
* NEVER  FAILS.  Drops  in  large  or  small  seed  equally  well,  and  can  he 
regulated  to  put  in  any  quantity  ilesired.  It  opens  the  furrow,' <lrops  the  seed  and 
covers  them  at  the  same  time.  Write  for  prices  to  the  trade. 


JOHN  IVI.  TERRY,  FaiPVieuj,  S.  C. 


GOWER  & REILLY, 

DEALERS  IN 

Doors,  Sash,  Blinds, 

PUMPS,  COAL,  &c.,  &c. 

Mouldings,  Mantels,  Newels,  Balusters,  Hand-railings,  etc, 


Rosendale  Cement,  Gibb’s  English  Portland  Cement,  Plaster  Paris, 
Plastering  Hair,  etc. 

White  Lead  and  Oii,  readj'  mixed  Paints,  Window  Glass,  Putty,  etc. 

500.000  No.  1 Georgia  Heart  Pine  Shingles  that  are  strictly  flrst-class. 

50.000  No.  2 Shingles  good  for  price  asked. 

200.000  dry  sawed  Piastering  Laths. 

Lime  by  car  load  or  single  barrel. 

We  have  a large  stock  and  sliall  sell  cheap.  Give  us  a call  and  be  convinced. 


City  Warehouse, 


GOWER  & REILLY, 

104  Washington  St. 


• Insuranoe:^  • 

AND 

General  Storage  and  Commission  Business. 

City  Ware^housl,  Gre^lnyilre),  S.  G. 


^icl)ols’  WkzltpupI^cizql  ]©)j'se:^lepy  J^ixtuvo. 


RfiO  fllCHOliS’  CELiEBF?flTED  lilVEf^  PlEES. 


SOL-D  BV  DRUGGISTS. 

F.  Nichols  S Co.,  - - Greenville,  S.  C. 

■*  KGENTS  iA^KNTED.  » 

F.  ]MlCH01iS  St  CO., 

7Y7HOLESALE  AND  RETAIL  VARIETY  STORE.  Toys,  Musical  Instruments, 
^ Fine  China,  Glassware,  Crockery,  Tinware,  etc. 

27  MAIN  STREET, GREEinVILLE  S.  C. 

D.  C.  TVTOORB, 

DEALER  IN 

Groceries,  Fruit,  Country  Produce,  ike. 

Families  can  generally  find  a general  assortment  to  supply  the  table. 
J^o.  1 Buneomb  St.  (Cot.  Coffee  and  Totxme),  Gteenvillc,  S.  C. 

ROB’T  MCCLELION, 

Jeweller  ki((i  Wktdl|iL]kker. 

SEiAZING  TVtT^CHIISES. 

A Complete  Assortment  of  Macbine  Attachments. 
REPAIRING  A SPECIALTY. 


lOO  Washington  St., 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


T.  F.  JAMISON. 


BUILDING  AND  JOBBING 


MASON. 


Mason  Work  of  all  kinds  promptly  attended  to. 


Cor.  LORD  AND  WEST  STS.,  - . . GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


DICKSON’S  pottery. 


WILLIE,  S.  C. 


u|JcluT>C]t?s  0^ 


FLOWER  POTS,  JUGS,  ETC. 


J.  p.  <$ummi9(5s  pri9tii>(5  <$o., 

Printers,  * Publishers,  • 5TflTiONERS, 

AND  ELECTROTYPERS, 

.*  « W ers^ii^^for^  Sfpeet,  jSosioi^,  j^eiss.  * * 


Publishers  of  the  KNIGHTS  OF  HONOR  REPORTER. 


Printers  of  this  book. 


McAllister  & bentz, 

Are  now  in  complete  readiness  for  the  Fall  and  Winter  trade.  Stocked  with  all 
that  is  new,  fashionable  and  rare,  in  all  the  different  departments  of  their  estab- 
lishment, viz. : 

Dress  Goods,  Calicoes,  Cloths,  Linens,  Underwear,  Jer- 
seys, Cloaks,  Furniture  Coverings,  Carpet  and 
Window  Shades,  and  Cornice  Poles. 


New  dress  goods  are  simply  superb  in  style  and  colorings,  and  in  greater 
variety  than  ever  before  presented  within  tfiese  four  walls.  Prices  in  all  styles 
vary  from  8 cents  for  wool  mixtures  up  to  the  rarest  imported  fabrics.  We'are 
l>repared  to  supply  all  tastes  and  inclinations. 

Our  stock  of  black  goods,  to  which  we  are  constantly  adding  all  the  new  de- 
signs in  pattern  and  weave  that  the  most  skilled  clotli  artists  in  Europe  and 
America  are  producing,  is  grandeur  itself. 

We  are  handling  many  of  Priestly’s  weaves  whose  colors  are  renowned  for 
excellence  and  durability. 

We  are  selling  the  "usual  3.5c.  Henrietta,  38  inches  wide,  at  ‘2.5c.  All  grailes 
proportionally  low.  We  have  all  the  fashionable  Trimmings,  Black  Crochet, 
Gimps,  Points,  Hadings,  Panels  and  Fronts.  Striped  Surahs  are  simply  lovely  in 
qualities  and  design.  Plushes  all  widths  and  all  colors. 

Dress  Goods  stock,  in  Dry  Goods,  always  the  centre  of  attraction,  the  “ hub  of 
the  wheel,”  the  “ centre  gem  of  the  business.”  All  other  stocks  and  material  are 
but  toiling  to  support  this  “Haughty  Chief.”  The  character  of  a dry  goods  store 
is  always  judged  by  the  dress  goods  stock.  It  takes  more  thought  and  time  than 
all  the  others.  Weare  willing  to  be  thus  judged,  and  we  earnestly  trust  that  our 
customers  and  friends  will  see  “Our  Stock”  and  fonu  their  own  conclusions. 

We  are  full  in  the  Cloth  Department : Cassimeres  of  all  makes  and  shades, 
Jeans  of  allgra<les,  from  all  cotton  to  all  wool.  Lowest  prices  guaranteed. 

Flannels  all  colois  and  grades.  8-1  Felts  in  all  colors,  and  fine  new  stock  of 
Arrasiennes  and  Cheniles.  Cloaks,  Wraps,  Jackets,  in  ladies’ and  children’s,  in 
all  colors  and  shapes.  Blankets,  Comforts  and  Spreads.  Eider  Down  Comforts 
at  $12.50.  Ladies’,  children’s  and  men’s  Merino  and  Wool  Underwear.  Curtain 
Chains  and  Loops,  Curtain  Hooks,  Picture  Nails,  and  a full  stock  of  everything 
belonging  to  all  these  lines. 

Mankind  may  depend  that  we  are  not  here  with  $50,000  worth  of  goods  to  be 
undersold.  AVe  guarantee  on  all  bills  of  from  $10  to  $20,  a savin"  of  at  least  ten 
per  cent.  AVe  have  the  stock;  we  have  the  right  process,  and  we  nave  the  young 
men  to  show  it. 

Robt.  Ambler,  of  Pickens ; Sloan  Stroud,  Eugene  Hunter,  Bory  Howell,  Green- 
ville; Jim  League,  Simpsonville;  Allan  Parkins,  Parkins  Mill. 


MCALLISTER  & BENTZ, 


Main  Street,  Greenville,  S.  C. 


■^iGReeNlZILLE  1^ 


FEmAliE  t COhbEGE, 

situated  in  tlie  most  attractive  part  of  tiie  city,  witli  a corijs  of  instructors 
ranking  among  the  most  experienced  in  the  State. 


A.  S.  TOWNE,  - _ _ _ President. 

English,  Latin,  Mental  and  Moral  Science. 

MISS  MARY  JUDSON,  - . . - Lady  Principal. 

Logic,  Physical  Sciences,  Elocution,  and  Calisthenics. 

Miss  Caroline  D.  Dawson,  French,  Mathematics  and  History. 

Miss  Bessy  Bagby,  . . - English,  Latin  and  Mathematics. 

Miss  Lucy  R.  Hoyt,  - - Composition,  Latin  and  English. 

Prof.  W.  F.  Watson.  - Special  Lecturer  on  Physics  and  Chemistry. 
(Prof,  of  Cliem.  and  Pliys.  in  Furman  X’niversity.) 

Prof.  J.  M.  Perry,  - - - Penmanship  and  Book-keeping. 

Miss  F.  G.  Bibb,  . - - Principal  of  Academic  Department. 

Miss  Julia  Liue,  First  Assistant. 

Miss  Ida  I.  Wells.  . . . . . Second  Assistant. 

Miss  Maggie  G.  Griffith,  - - Principal  of  Primary  Department. 

Miss  Helen  R.  Platt,  - - - Principal  of  Art  Department. 

For  fidl  particulars  regardiug  tuition,  board,  etc.,  apply  to 


S.  TOWNE,  Eres’t, 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


Gilreath's  Opera  House. 

GREENVILLE,  SO.  CAROLINA. 

J.  C.  FITZGERALD.  ■ - - Manager. 


Greenville  has  a Population  of  Ten  Thousand 
People,  Surrounded  by  Numerous  Flourishing 
Settlements. 


JM7VX:ES  I. 

Attorney  and  Counsellor -at -Law. 

44  1-2  MAIN  ST.  (opposite  post  office),  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

The  Examination  of  Real  Estate  Titles  a Specialtj-. 


GEO.  B.  THURSTON, 

Attorney  and  Counsellor-at-Law, 

AHD  COriVEYAJStCEH. 

OFFICE  IN  COURT  HOUSE,  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

PRACTICES  IN  ALL  THE  COURTS.  TITLES  EXAMINED,  COLLECTIONS 
THROUGHOUT  THE  SOUTH. 

REFERENCES  : 

THE  NATIONAL  BANK,  Greenville,  S.  C.  COL.  H.  P.  HAMMETT,  Greenville,  S,  C. 

WM.  WILKINS,  ESQ.,  Greenville,  S.  C. 


SANS  SOUCI  FARMS  KENNELS, 

BEN.  F.  PERRY,  PRorRiETOR. 

(Three  miles  from  city.)  GREENVILLE;  S.  C. 

BREEDER  OF— Holstein  and  Jersey  Cattle;  Berkshire,  York- 
shire, Jersey  Red,  Chester  White  and  Poland  China  Swine; 
Pure  Bred  Scotch  Collies  or  Shepherd  Dogs;  English  Mas- 
tiffs, Fox  Terriers,  Irish  Terriers  and  Pugs. 


HOME  OF  "CROWN  WILKES,”  STANOARD  BRED  TROTTING  STALLION. 


“CROWN  WILKES” 

(Staudaril  Bred.) 

Winner  of  lir.st  prize  for  Stallions,  oi>en  to  the  worlil,  Auajust.a.  <la..  E\]io- 
sition.  Winner  of  lirst  prize  for  Stallions,  open  to  the  world,  in  harness,  .State 
Fair,  South  Carolina. 

Grand  Sires — tlie  great  George  iV'ilkes  and  Vanderbilt,  by  Sentinel. 

Crown  AVilkes  ha.s yirc  crosses  of  Alanibrino  Cbief,  three  of  Ilambletonian,  and 
tlirec  thoroughbred  crosses  through  dams  ami  graml-dams. 


» AE  have  been  liberal  patronizers  of  tbe  State  Fair  for  years,  and  iiave  gen- 
erally  led  in  the  win  of  premiums.  From  the  .State  Fair  this  year  we  ran 
over  to  Georgia,  and  there  met  with  equal  good  results.  Our  premiums,  won  tliis 
year,  are  as  follows : 

Premiums  Won  at  Augusta,  Ga.,  Exposition. 

Stallion  (open  to  the  world),  lirst  prize;  Saddle  horses,  second  prize ; Com- 
bination horses,  secoinl  prize.  Swine,  we  won  Sll.o  in  premiums.  Holstein  Cattle, 
we  won  $2.50  in  premiums.  Angora  Goats,  we  won  $l>.5  in  premiums.  Sheep,  live 
])rizes.  With  three  entries  in  bench  show,  we  won  two  second  prizes. 

Premiums  Won  at  South  Carolina  State  Fair. 

Stallion,  in  harness,  open  to  the  world  first  prize;  Saddle  horse,  open  to  the 
world,  first  prize;  Stallion,  over  4 yrs.,  second  prize;  Best  filly,  3 yrs.,  first  prize: 
Be, St  filly,  1 yr.,  second  prize ; Saddle  pony,  first  prize ; Pair  matched  mares,  open 
to  the  world,  second  prize;  Best  2-year-oid  mule,  second  prize;  Best  1-year-old 
mule,  first  prize.  ' 

CATTLE. 

Best  herd  (grade)  Holstein,  first  prize;  Best  herd  (grade)  Devons,  first  prize; 
Best  Holstein  bull,  3 years,  first  prize ; Best  Holstein  bull,  1 to  2 years,  first  prize ; 
Best  Holstein  heifer,  2 to  3 years,  first  prize;  Best  cow  (grade)  Devon,  3 years, 
first  prize;  Best  heifer  (grade)  Devon,  2 to  3 years,  first  prize;  Best  Heifer  calf, 
second  prize;  Best  Jersev  heifer,  2 to  3 years,  first  prize;  Best  Oxford  Down  ram, 
1 to  2 years,  first  prize;  6est  Oxford  Down  ewe  lamb,  second  prize;  Best  Angora 
buck,  1 to  2 years,  second  prize. 

SANS  SOUCI  FARMS, 

Greenville,  P.  O.,  Soutk  Carolina 


fdanuiaetupeps  of 


(si)(i  G'eapii)^,  jfipe  ar)A  Ipo:^  <sij^ 

|Bp0ss  8asiii)^s  tq<hA(z  U 0pJ.ep 


REPAIRING  OF  MACHINERY  OF  ALL  KINDS  PROMPTLY  ATTENDED  TO. 


R.  M.  Macdonald, 


Proprietor, 


sip  LUalter  Raleigh  Diseovered  Tobaeeo. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

The  Modern  Barn  Smoking  Tobacco  Go.. 

HIGH  F=OINT.  N.  C. 


Snotu  Pepfeeted  its  CuPe. 


Jarratt  s Hastings, 


IVIanuJaeturei's  and  tUholasale  Dealers  in 


LUMBER. 


Jarratt  &.  Hastings'  Mills,  Seneca. 


Yellow  Poplar,  White  Pine, 

WHITE  ASH,  RED  GUM, 

s>ff)  i^OjviSEjf}. 


Seheca, 


South  Cahouiha. 


WILKINS,  POE  & CO. 

Wholesale  Dealers  in 


Agricultural  Implements  and  Machinery, 

67  MAIN  STREET, 

GREENVILLE,  - - - SO.  CAROLINA. 


F.  B.  ncBEE,  ^ ^ ^ 

ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. 

Examining  (Real  Estate  Titles  a Specialty. 


GRHENVmLiE,  S.  C. 


CLARK  & WILCOX, 

Greenville,  S.  C. 

Monument  Work  of  every  Description 


STATUARY  AND  VASES  IMPORTED  TO  ORDER. 
Wrou.gh.t  Iron  Fencing,  Etc. 


R 


. C.  ROSXER. 

■^i  Cotton  BuyePl^ 

Dealer  in  Qeneral  ]\iferchandise 

134  MAIN  STREET,  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


T^OUKISTS  will  find  a quiet  stopjjing  place 
en -route  North  at  WESTflIINsTER,  S.  C., 
between  Atlanta  and  Charlotte,  on  the  Pied- 
mont Air  Cine  K.  K.,  nearly  opposite  the 
Station.  Terms,  SI. 50  a day.  Write  for 
rooms,  or  stop  over  without  notice. 

MRS.  P.  M.  ENGCAND. 


WESTMINSTER 

ARBLE  Works, 

WESTMINSTER,  S.  C. 

PITTS  & GF?H.Y,  - - PfiopfiietOPS. 


Mamifacturer.s  of  and  dealers  in  all  kinds  of  American 
and  Italian  Marble  work.  Tiling,  Flagging,  Mantels, 
Hearths,  Tablets,  Jlonunients,  Headstones,  etc.  Iron 
Railing  and  Fencing. 

•Sll  Kii“|tl^  of  Cenietefy  \Yoi‘k  a ^pocdally 

LOWEST  PRICES.  SATISFACTION  CUARANTEED. 
CORRESPONHF.NCE  SOLICITED. 


PITTS  S GRAY, 


Westminster  S.  C. 


P.  C.  Westmoeeland. 


Dr.  W.  P.  adei.sos. 


WESTMORELAND  BROS,, 


WHOLKSALE  AIsD  RETAIL 


No.  101  Main  St.,  Greenville,  S.  0. 


We  carry  a full  anil  complete  stock  of  tlrug.s,  medicmes,  patent  ami  proprie- 
tary meilicines. 

Sponges,  Brushes,  Toilet  and  Fancy  Mrticles,  Paints,  Oils, 
Uarnishes,  lllindow  Class, 

GAROEN  AND  FIELD  SEEDS. 

Pliy.sicians,  Merchants,  anil  families,  can  always  lind  what  tlie.v  want  in  mir 
stock,  anil  guavanteed  of  best  quality  and  at  lowest  market  rates. 

U/e  are  sole  Manufacturers  and  Proprietors  of 

Dr,  Duke’s  Anti-Bilious  Wafers, 


and  many  other  popular  and  valuable  remedies,  Call  and 
see  us,  or  write  us  for  prices. 

We  are  Wholesale  Agents  for  many  of  the  most  popular  patent  medicines, 
and  sell  the  same  to  the  trade  at  mauufacturer.s’  prices. 

Resjiectfnlly, 


WESTMORELAND  BROS. 


J.  C.  FITZOERALD 


(Over  Westmoreland  Bros.’  Drug  Store,) 

GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

All  work  done  bj'  the  instantaneous  process.  Also,  make  enlargements 
from  old  pictures  to  any  size,  in  Water  Colors,  Crayon,  India  Ink,  Oil,  and 
plain  Photographs. 

In  my  Studio  the  visitor  will  tlnd  on  exhibition  an  extensive  collection 
of  INDIAN  RELICS,  CONFEDERATE  CURIOS  in  variety,  among  which  is 
an  original  plate  from  which  the  Confederate  Government  issued  Confederate 
Bonds  and  Bills.  Have  rare  OLD  ARMS,  ANCIENT  COIN,  A’ALUABLE 
OLD  MEDALS,  and  many  wonderful  Curios  which  I shall  be  glad  to  show 


the  visitor. 


Do  You  Know  That  for  the  Past  52  Years 


THE 

Greenville  Coach  Factory, 

Has  Been  in  Successful  Operation? 

Tlicir  Carrijiges,  Buggies,  Hacks,  Phaetons,  and  Wagons  have  no 
superior  in  durabiUty.  l*rices  low,  compelling’  sales.  Special  attention  given  to 
ordered  work.  A large  stock  of  WESTERN  AVORK  on  hand.  Our 

HARDWARE  DEPARTIVIENT : Well  stocked  in  Tools.  Farming  Implements, 
Cotton  Planters,  General  Hardware,  and  Carriage  Goods. 

PAINT  DEPARTIVIENT:  Oils,  Leads,  Paints  and  Painters’  Supplies.  Sole 
Agent  for  SHERWIN-WILLIAMS  MIXED  HOUSE  PAINTS. 

H.  C.  MARKLEY, 

Proprietor. 

0.  W.  SIKRINE,  Siipcriiitendent.  GREENVILLE,  S.  C, 


SAM  FARKAS, 

SALE  AND  FEED  STABLE. 
Cor.  Jackson  and  Broad  Streets, 
ALBANY,  GA. 


E.  A.  GARTER,  cneat 

niapket, 

<!  P£)NDkCTON 

<A-  - - Greenville,  S,  C, 


MERCHANT  TAILOR, 

ITS  Alain  St.,  GREENTILLE,  S.  C. 

Repairing  promptly  done. 


J.  S.  HKRRISON. 

Boot=and=  ShLOe=  TS/[a.k:er, 

No.  58  COFFEE  STREET, 

greenvillp:,  . - - south  Carolina. 


KS^OWEs;  HOTEI,, 


SENECA,  S.  C. 


WELL  FURNISHED. 

AN  EXCELLENT  TABLE. 

REASONABLE  RATES. 

Tourists  will  find  this  a pleasant  stop-over 
place  when  returning  from  Florida. 


F.  A.  HOKE 


I_.  B.  C I-  I N E, 

(ESTKTE.) 

Contractors  and  Builders, 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  DEALERS  IN 


DOORS,  SASH,  BLINDS, 
MOULDINOS,  BRACKETS, 

TURNING,  Etc, 


Mills — Rhett  Street 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C 


m.  T.  sHUfnATE, 


Cor\tf  kctof  Suildef , 

AND  DEADER  IN 


W,  T.  Shumate's  Mill. 

Dressed  Lumber,  Sash,  Doors,  Blinds,  Scroll  and 
Turned  Work,  Moulding  and  Building 
Materials  generally. 


SHUTVTTATE’S  PUKNING  7Ui:iI_US, 


244  and  246  UUashington  St.,  Greenville,  S.  C. 

NEAR  AIR  LINE  DEPOT. 


(THIS  PROPERTY  IS  FOR  SA.LE.) 


4IT0  ADVEf^TISEl^Sl^ 


The  Circulation  of  the  Weekly  News. 


A STATEMENT  TO  WHICH  THE  ATTENTION  OF  THE  PUBLIC  IS 
RESPECTFULLY  INVITED. 

The  folloiving  circular  has  been  issued  from  The  Green- 
VII. LE  News  office: 

Voiir  attention  is  inviteil  to  Tut:  GnEEiNvil.LE  News  as  an  aitvertisin;? 
medium. 

Tile  impression  appears  to  prevail  that  ■while  the  <lailj'  News  is  tlic  l)est 
medium  for  reacliin^  eit.v  trade,  the  AVeekly  edition  is  behind  other  newspapers 
in  country  circulation. 

To  settle  this  question,  we  ask  you  to  call  at  or  send  to  this  oflice  where  a 
copy  of  the  mail  list  of  The  Weeki.v  News  will  Ite  submitted  to  your  iiispet’tion, 
to  sustain  the  following  facts  : 

First.  Tliat  The  Greenville  Weekly  News  has  a larger  circulation  than 
any  weekly  newspaper  printed  in  tins  city. 

Second.  That  it  has  more  subscribers  and  reailcrs  in  Greenville  county, 
outside  the  city,  than  any  newspaper. 

Third.  That  it  has  more  subscribers  and  readers  than  any  other  newspaper 
printed  in  Greenville  in  each  of  the  counties  of  Si)artanburg,  Anderson,  Laurens, 
and  Pickens. 

As  this  is  the  Iteginning  of  the  business  season  when  advertising  arrange- 
ments are  made,  your  attention  to  this  is  requested. 

Yoti  are  at  liberty  to  take  tliis  circular  to  an\' other  newspaper  and  submit 
its  contents  for  answer.  Our  mailing  books  arc  open  to  you  for  inspection,  olHce 
after  ollice,  name  after  name.  All  we  ask  is  that  you  request  the  same  privilege 
from  our  contemporaries  and  jmlge  for  yourself  Iiy  comparison. 


Respectfully, 


J/toiOf/er, 
Greenville,  8.  C. 


GREENVILLE 


FURNITURE  COMPANY 


7V^KISUF=7^CTURERS  OI= 

Bedsteads,  • Tables,  • Sofas, 
Desks,  • Chaii^s,  • etc. 


Washington  Street,  near  the  Air  Line  R,  R.  Station, 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


• GABliEfJ, 


ReHiTEex, 


OF=J=ICE  : 

73  Main  Street,  - over  Sloan’s  Drug  Store, 


OREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


Plans  and  Speeifieations  on  all  kinds  of 
Buildings. 


i#THLi 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


•^l-OPE^l  Alili  THE  VERH.-l^ 


liemodehd,  refnruislied,  refitted,  likfiL  eeiliiKj,  xentikdinn 
j)er  feet,,  fire  escape>i  ^ivexcelled.  On  the  line  of  street  rudnap. 
Free  from  the  racl-et  of  Main  Street.  Xear  churches.  Post 
Office,  Telegraph  Office,  etc.,  etc. 


It  win  be  the  constant  eflovt  of  the  rroprietov  to  liave  his  table  to  reiniml  yon 
of  your  Grandmother’s. 

It  is  a good  place  for  yon  to  speml  either  Summer  or  Winter.  It  is  a good 
place  for  the  Commercial  Tourist  to  siicnd  Sunday. 

Bells,  Baths,  Electric  Lights,  Telephone,  and  a Whistle. 


W.  R.  WHITE, 


THE • EUHEKfl, 


CLARKSVILLE,  GA, 


■^1* 


• • 


SEASON  OF  1890. 


•1^ 


Be^<dtiRcil  Health V L/(^c'oati(^fd. 


EXCELLENT  ACCOMMODATIONS. 


Cuisine — the  best  the  market  affords. 


FOR  FULL  PARTICULARS,  ADDRESS 

F.  EUGENE  DURBEC,  Prop’r, 

CLARKSVILLE,  GA. 

OOO  000  000  0000  OOOO  0000  0000  OOO  OOO  000 


W.  C.  HILLHOUSE'S 


Livery,  Feed,  and  Sale 


STABLE 


5 


Opposite  the  Exchange  Hotel, 


Washington  St.,  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

CARRIAGES-DOUBLE  AND  SINGLE 

BUGGIES  WITH  CAREFUL  DRIVERS. 

FINE  SADDLE  HORSES. 


ALL  AT  REASONABLE  RATES. 


Thomas  Q.  Donaldsok. 


Augustus  H.  Donaldson. 


T.  Q.  & A.  H.  D0NyqLDS0N, 


Attorney  s-at-Liauu , 


AXD 

^1  SOLICITORS  • IN  • RQCITY, 

Otkice,  No.  43  Couht  S(^)uake, 

greenvjllp:,  ;s.  c. 

Practice  in  all  the  Courts  of  the  State  and  of  the 
United  States. 

Special  attention  given  to  Collections,  and  the 
Examination  of  Tittles  to  Real  Estate. 


REFERENCES  : 

HAMLIN  BEATTIE,  Presiilent  National  Bank. 

FRANK  HAMMOND,  I’lesideut  People’s  Bank. 


G•I^EE1TN7■IIJX.E,  S.  C. 


U/oodfi9  ^arp  popds, 


J.  W.  WOOD,  Proprietor, 


Greenville,  S.  C. 


0ERMAN  : Scale  : 6arp. 

I am  now  ready  to  deliver  from  my  live  spacious  ponds,  either  small  fish 
for  STOCKING  TONDS,  or  yearlings  in  pairs  for  SPAWNING  : 


Small  Fry,  per  Immlred,  $8.00 
Yearliug-s,  per  pair,  - 2.50 

Tlierc  are  three  kinds  of  Carp : The  Scale,  Mirror,  and  Leather.  I deal 
only  in  the  GENUINE  GERMAN  SCALE  CARP.  Experience  proves  them  to 
be  the  most  profitable.  Address, 

JOHN  W.  WOOD, 

Care  of  Greenville  Coach  Factory. 


W.  T.  WOOD,  Manager. 


iiiiiiiiitiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriliiliiiiiiMiii 


/ 

V 

A.  A.  Barker. 


A.  A.  BARKER  S SONS. 

.MA>UFA(.TLrRERJ5  ANI>  I>EALEKS  IX 

lumber,  Sast^,  Door5,  Blinds, 

BRACKETS.  MOULDINGS.  ETC. 

STAIRS,  - NEWP:L  posts,  - BALUSTP:RS,  - WOOD 
MANTELS,  - AND  BUILDING  MATERIAL 
GENERALLY. 

COKKESPONDETSCE  SOEICITED. 

Barker’s  Mills,  - - High  Point,  N.C. 


o 5I.T.  Barkkr. 

T.  C.  Barker. 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii 


BiEIWRHI^’S  rioTELi, 


D.  BIEMANN  & SON,  Propr’S. 


Summer  inter  Resort. 

ALTITUDE  1660  FEET.  DRY  ATMOSPHERE. 


Climate  unequalleil  for  Asthma  ami  Lung  Troubles,  also  tree  from  Malaria. 


•$1I=REE 


WALHALLA,  S.  C 


Df.  J.  P.  CRplilSliE, 
Dentist, 


Greenville,  S.  C. 


OveF 

WesttnoFeland  & Co.’s 
Drug  StoF0. 


^he  nterprise  and  jy[ountaineer, 


Greenville,  South  Carolina. 


•••  • • Established  1824.  • • •?• 

'/yy.^  /^//^//^//^//^//^//^  ^'^^//^//^//^.  ^ ^//^//^//^//A'  ^ y y /y//y//y//y//y//y//y/  y//y//y//y//y/'A 


JOHN  C.  BAILEY,  Editor. 


A Good  GirGugation. 


A High  Prigdd  Paprr, 


Only  piFst-elass  Advertisements  Solicited. 


ReaiUng  notices,  except  for  responsible  residents  of  this  city,  will  not  he 
inserted  at  any  price. 

Address, 

John  C.  Bailey, 


P.  O.  Eox  No.  70. 


Greenville,  S.  C. 


BOCKHEIR  & PARKER, 


*?^RAGTlGAL  FAINTDRG 


D 


OPPOSITE  EXCHANGE  HOTEL, 


Washington  vStreet, 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


•f  House  • Painting,  -r 


- Graining,  Glazing,  Galsomining,  Frescoing,  - 
Carriage  Painting,  Paper  Hanging, 


iiiimiiiiiiiiiniiuuimiiiiimiinniiiniii 


(Sltt  GJ5o-\-fo  ©a-iTe,  O/M/ti  = 

j^aoti/O-ri/  ‘§iu/aVavite©ci. 


Home  • flleat  • fHarket, 

D.  T.  BOUNDS,  Proprietor. 


56  Coffee  St.,  Gpeenville,  S.  C. 


My  customers  are  supplied  all  the  year  round 


with  the  best  and  purest  quality  of  fresh  Meats.  I 


study  the  interest  of  my  customers  as  well  as  my 


own  in  keeping  a neat  home  market,  well  supplied 


with  the  choicest  Beef  and  other  Meats. 


D.  T.  BOUNDS 


THEObORE  nEINHflKbT, 


AND  SURVEYOR. 

Office  over  Sloan  Bros.’  Drug  Store. 


Gt^EEHVmiiE,  s.  c. 


JAS.  T.  WILLIAMS  & CO., 


Wliolesale  and  Retail  Dealer?  in 


CUTLERY, 

GUNS,  IRON.  NAILS,  AND  STEEL. 

Buildeps’  fDatepial, 

Agricultural  Implements- 

79  Main  St.,  and  8 & 10  Laurens  St., 


GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


ALEXANDER  FINLAY. 


JAMES  FINLAY. 


F'INLAY  BROS., 


WHOLES  A.LE  AND  RETAIL 


GROCERS 


123  Main  and  40  &.  42  Coffee  Streets, 


GReeN:^iLL-e,  s.  c. 


None  but  the  best  goods  sold,  and  every  package  guaranteed  as  to  weight  and 
quality.  Ail  goods  delivered  inside  the  corporation  if  desired. 

We  keep  all  kinds  of 


Canned.  Gfoods,  Sugar,  Tea,  Coffee,  Butter, 
Cheese,  etc. 

Dealers  in  « « « « 

Flour,  Bacon,  Lard,  Syrup, 

MOhflSSES, 

Peas,  Oats,  Rye,W^heat  Bran, 

CORN  MND  HKV.  I4- 


;6®*Telephone  Call  49. 


«Cfl5E  6^  LITTON, f 

Contractors  psR  Builders, 

AND 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Doors,  Sash,  Blinds,  Mouldings  and  Building  Material 
of  Buerg  description, 

Rough  Lumber  from  7 Sc.  to  $1.25  per  hundred. 

Dressed  Lumber  from  7 Sc,  to  $2.00  per  hundred. 

100,000  feet  of  good  Kiln  Dried  Georgia  Lumber, 
just  ordered, 

Ule  will,  at  an  earlg  dag,  add  to  our  establishment 
a Standard  Hat  Blast  Drg  Kiln,  with  a capacitg  of  4000 
feet  Buerg  twentg-faur  hours. 

LUe  are  here  to  stag  and  with  the  determination  not 
to  be  undersold  bg  ang  one,  LUe  have  emploged  the 
best  skilled  labor,  and  solicit  gour  patronage,  guaran- 
teeing satisfaction  to  our  customers. 

CMSE  & LITTON, 


Cor.  Ulest  and  Echols  Sts,, 


Greenville,  S.  C. 


James  McPherson, 


PUP^E)  OPvAPE^  WINE), 

BY  THE  BOTTLE  OR  GALLON. 

^iTOBACCO  AND  CIGARS,!^ 
CONFPXTIONERY, 

Toys,  FpuiT,  Tin,  and  Glass  Ward. 

BASKETS,  CANNED  GOODS,  PITC. 

No.  Ill  Main  Street,  GRE E IV/ILLE,  S.  C. 

•fE.  H.  7v\:^Bee, 

Eloui^sell©!?  etf 

Practices  in  State  and  United  States  Courts. 
OFFICE  : Over  A.  H.  .Jenkins’  office,  Main  Street,  Greenville,  S.  C. 

iA£3AI-TeR  H[\^rS[NICUTT, 

Pl5](^t(^gfa^t]i(S  Artist, 

Tallulah  Falls,  Ga. 

Groups  in  and  out  of  doors.  Studio  work  a specialty. 

Views  of  Tallulah  Falls  and  points  of  interest  in  vicinity,  mailed  post-paid  at 
the  following  prices ; 

Stereoscopic  Views,  per  doz.,  $2.00;  Large  5x8  Views,  each,  25o. 

Send  for  Catalogue. 


J.  L.  HAYNIE  & DAUGHTER, 

AGENTS  FOR 

LUDDEN  X BATES’  SOUTHERN  MUSIC  HOUSE 

SAVANNAH,  GA. 

CHIGKERING  PIANOS  AND  MASON  8 HAMLIN  ORGANS. 

Instruments  direct  from  the  factory  and  all  freights  paid,  Sheet  Music,  Music 
Books,  Imported  Musical  Instruments,  Band  Instruments  and  Supplies. 

Office,  38  Westfield  Street,  - - GREENVILLE,  S,  C. 


B.  KAUFLE, 


^OOSI,  5IGN  »ND  OSNMEKm  PITIIG 

ALSO 

Frescoing,  Paper  Hanging,  Graining,  Etc. 

U9  1-2  McBee  Ai/enue,  - - - GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 

A,  B.  SCRUGGS. 

Main  Street,  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 
(Over  Snider  A Co.’s  .lewelry  Store.) 

Fashionable  Boot  and  Shoe  Maker. 

REPAIRING  A SPECIALTY. 


FAMILY  GROCERIES, 


FAMILY  GROCERIES. 


Families  can  always  depend  upon  finding  a 
general  assortment  of 

Staple 

-AND- 

Fancy 

Groceries, 

DRIED  AND  SMOKED  MEATS, 

Canned  Goods, 

and  Vegetables  in  their  Season, 

POULTRY,  EGGS,  CHICKENS,  CONFECTIONERY. 

0000000  FLOUR  ‘test  grades: 

(Tobacco  and  Cigars.) 


Nearly  opposite  Opera  House. 


THOS.  J.  PRICE, 

No.  52  Coffee  St. 


T.  W.  Bark. 


L.  L.  Barr. 


T.  W.  BARR'&  BRO, 

PUMPS,  IRON  and  lead  PIPE, 

Plumbing  and  Steam  Fitting, 

Houses  Fitted  for  Gas  or  Steam  Heat. 

Bath  Rooms  and  AVater  Closets  litted  up. 

House  and  Store  Awnings. 

No.  38  Main  Street,  GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


G.  D.  Barr.  T.  W.  Barr. 

G.  D.  BARR  & SON. 


RANGES  AND  FURNACES. 


Tin,  Sheet-iron,  Slate  and  Metal  Roofing. 

Repairing  Maohinery,  Sewing  Machines,  Guns,  Locks,  etc.,  promittly  done. 
«g=BARR  BUILDING,  COR.  MAIN  AND  BROAD  STS.,^ 


0pp.  new  Post  Office 


GREENVILLE,  S.  0. 


L_ . REID.i^ 


DEALER  IN 

0oods,  01othing, 

BOOTS,  SHOES, 

41HATS,  CAPS,  DRUGS, 

AND 

GENERAL  • MERCHANDISE 

CHOICE 

jPKWIL-V  GROCERIES, 


Teas  and  Coffees, 


Foreign  and  Domestic  P'rdits,  Cigars,  &c. 


■^I-Country  Ppoduee  Bought  and  Sold. 


WALHADLA,  S.  C. 


J.  W.  Norwood,  D.  D.  S. 


W.  M.  Norwood,  D.  D.  S. 


♦DENTISTS- 


OFFICE,  80  i Main  Street, 

Nearly  opposite  the  Mansion  House. 


RESIDENCE,  171  WASHINGTON  STREET. 
GREENVILLE,  S.  C. 


G7XS  TXDTV^INISTEReD. 

Local  Antesthetics  used  when  filling  sensitive  teeth. 


All  operations  carefully  and  skilfully  performed. 


WHEELER’S 

Photograph  Gallery, 

iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiimiiiiisniiiiiiiiiiiHiuuimiiiuniiiiiiiiliilfiliniliiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiliiiiin  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini  mill  nun  iinnuiiiniiiiininn. 


1 13  Main  Street, 

Greenville,  S.  C. 

Old  Pictures  Copied  and  Enlarged. 


PARTICULAR  ATTENTION  TO 

PHOTOGRAPHING  CHILDREN. 

VIEWS  of  BUILDINGS  TAKEN  TO  ORDER. 


Having  been  established  eighteen  years,  all  work  will  be  done  in 
first-class  style. 


IV.  M.  WHEELER,  Photographer . 


“The  JSliagaPa  of  the  South 


9 9 


VIEW  HOTELi. 

TALLULAH  FALLS,  GA. 


opens  dune  10,  and  Closes  !• 

Kates  Aocordlnj?  to  Location  of  Rooms. 

Special  avrangements  made  tvith  families. 

Trains  stop  at  the  Gkand  View, 

Whicli  is  tlie  first  liotel  reached  at  Tallulali. 

Beniitlfiil  Park  Coiiiiecled.  Siiiniiier  Houses.  Foiiiitaiiis.  Magniflreut  Views. 
Billiarils.  Ten  Pins.  Tennis.  Fishing.  A tiood  Band  of  Music. 

• • • AND  GOOD  LIVING.  •••  !«■ 

For  further  itarticulars,  address, 


W.  D.  YOOHO,  Ovunep  and  Proprietor. 


■^1-  F=7VL-I_S.  Gt^. 


R EK1_  EsTHT© 


R EKL.  RsTHXe. 

% 


The  Putnam  County  Central  Real  Estate  Bureau 


Having  its  headquarters  at  Palatka,  Florida,  is  pre- 
pared to 

Sell,  or  Exchange, 

REAL  ESTATE  OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION, 

in  Putnam  County,  the  banner  county  of  the  State. 

Palatka,  the  gem  city  of  Florida,  has  the  most 
promising  future  of  any  city  in  the  State. 

Estates  managed,  taxes  paid,  titles  investigated, 
and  loans  negotiated. 

J.  RUSSELL  KENNEDY, 

Manager, 


P.  0.  Box  457. 


Front  Street,  Palatka. 


MANUFACTURER  AND  DEALER  IN 


Wagons,  Baggies,  Cappiages, 


ROADCARTS,  BUCKBOARDS, 


WHEELBARROWS,  &c, 


/\11  Js^inds  of  ^ork  in  '\Yood  or  Jron 

Pt^OmPTliV  DOl^E 


ON  SHORTEST  NOTICE  AND  REASONABLE  TERMS. 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiitimiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiinniiiiii 

REPAIRING  A SPECIALTY  NEATLY  DONE, 

Senecm,  S.  C. 


Mountain  View  Vineyard, 


In  the  City  oe  Walhalla,  s.  C. 


CommaDcling  a maguificent  view  of  the  Bine  Ridge  Moun- 
tains. Containing  51  Acres,  with  eleven  thousand  Grape 
Vines  in  bearing.  Also  five  hundred  Apple,  Pear,  Peach, 
Cherry,  and  Plum  Trees,  all  in  bearing.  "Wine  Cellar,  20x40, 
with  press  and  all  required  machinery.  Residence  of  6 rooms, 
all  10x16,  painted  and  blinded,  broad  piazza,  detached  kitchen. 
Stable,  30x20,  Hennery,  Granary,  Carriage  House,  etc.,  all  in 
good  repair. 


The  Grape  Crop  will  amount  to  FIFTY  TONS  this  Season. 
PRICE.  $10,000. 


One-fourth  Cash,  balance  in  light  annual  payments  at  7 per 
cent,  interest.  Apply  to 


OR  TO  CHAPIN’S  FARM  AGENCY. 


The  Oconee  Wine  Growers  and  Fruit  Distilling  Association 
are  building  a cellar  on  this  estate. 


C.  W.  WIECKING, 

Walhalla,  S.  C. 


flliLiEGHAriY  HOUSE. 

JOHN  JONES,  Proprietor. 


A HOME  FOR  COMMERCIAL  MEN,  AND  A PLEASANT  RESORT 
FOR  ALL  TRAHSrEHT  AND  -SUMMER  VISITORS,  WHO  CAM:  GET 
POLITE  AND  PROMPT  ATTENTION  AED  GOOD  FARE  AT  REASOH- 
ABLE  RATES. 

MY  REFERENCES  ARE  MY  TABLE  AND  BEDS. 

• • • • TRV  T^T  • • . • 


CLtflHKSVmiiE,  - - GEOHGIFi- 


JOHN  JQNES> 

The  Old  l^eliable  Ltivei»yman,  tuith 

Jt^tvyes  W.  West, 

• Owner  and  Proiirietor,  • 


ClaiT^ksVille  • liivepy  • Stable. 

First-Class  Turnouts  furnished  at  all  times  at  reasonable  rates,  with  careful 
drivers.  Satisfaction  guaranteed. 


lour  Patronage  Solicited. 


Give  us  a trial  at  Clarksville,  Ga. 


IWountain  Vietu  Hotel, 

(Formerly  the  Habersham). 

On  the  Public  Sq.,  CLiAf^KSVILiLiE,  GA. 


The  iiopular  Summer  Resort.  Midway  between  the  TALbULAlI  and  TOCCUA 
FALLS,  and  ten  miles  from  the 


FAMOUS  UACOOCHEE  VALLEY  and  YONAH  MOUNTAIN. 

MAGNIFICENT  MOUNTAIN  VIEIYS. 

FIVE  HUNDRED  AND  SIXTY-FIVE  FEET  OF  PIAZZAS. 

1700  FEET  ABOVE  THE  SEA. 

The  table  is  supplied  with  the  best  the  market  affords.  Telegraph  and  Ex- 
press accommodations. 

Rates — $10  per  week,  $25  per  month.  Children  half  price. 

Newly  repaired,  enlarged  and  refurnished.  Conveyances  to  all  points  at 
reasonable  rates. 


fl.  HOUSTOH,  PFoppietOF 


Pure  Grape  Wine  and  Brandies. 


Grape  Vines  for  Planting  a Specialty. 


Prices  Low  and  Satisfaction  Guaranteed. 


pi: 

> 


Oh 


c5 


'-o 

% 

I 

'S; 

S I 

- 


So  ^ 


During  the  Season  the  Trade  Supplied 


at  Short  Notice  with  the  Choicest  Fruits. 


FflCUliTY  Hllili 


3ummep  and  ^intep  l^esopt. 


College  Street  near  Depot, 


P.  0.  Box  153,  WALHALLA,  S.  C. 


H.  P.  Ppop’F. 


House  lieated  throughout  ill  winter,  and  open  lii-e  places.  Fine  drives  and 
plenty  of  shade;  good  hunting;  climate  unsurpassed  all  the  year  round  by  any 
other  place  in  the  United  States. 

For  terms  and  other  information,  write  to  the  Proprietor. 


H.  P.  TERHUNE. 


(Late  of  Hackensack,  N.  J.) 


Hell -hole  Lime 


FOR  SKLE. 


Including  70  Acres  heavy  Timber. 

Inexhaustible  supply  first  quality  Lime. 

Lime  Kiln,  Furnace,  and  various  Outbuildings.  12,000 
bushels  capacity. 

VALUABLE  WATER  POWER— for  any  Manufactur- 
ing business.  40  ft.  fall — Ten  Miles. 


Cottage  House,  Stable  and  Barn. 

20  Acres  Under  Cultivation. 

Price,  $2000. 


$500  Cash,  balance  $200  a year — 7 per  cent. 


Apply  to 


J.  E. 

WALHALLA,  S,  C. 


Palatka,  Fla. 


The  Putnam,  with  every  modern  improvement, 
has  accommodations  for  five  hundred.  It  occupies 
an  entire  square,  thus  securing  light  on  all  sides, 
WITH  THE  BEST  OF  VENTILATION.  Its  sanitary 
arrangements  are  perfect.  Pure  water  from  an 
Artesian  Well. 

Lioeated  56  Miles  fpom  Jacksonville, 

via  J.  T.  ii  K.  W.  K.  R.,  or  St.  Johns  River  Steamers,  and 

Only  28  Miles  from  toe  celeOratet  Ponce  fle  Leon  Hotel,  St.  Aiipstine. 


ALL  OCKLAWAHA  Rli/ER  STEAMERS  START  FROM  PATLATKA. 


OSCAR  G.  BARRON,  Proprietor. 

,\lso  of  the  FABYAN,  CRAWFORD,  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Summit  Houses, 
AVhite’  Mountains. 


m.  F.  PARKER, 


aiEST)VlirjSTEH,  s.  C. 

WHOLESALE  DEALER  IN 

liumbeF. 

iFriiiminiiimniimiiiimiii 

Comprising 

Pine,  Oak, 
Poplar,  flsh. 
Hickory,  &c.  ! 


SEND  FOR  LIST  OF  PRICES. 


pei^eca  I^ivefy  Stable 

X.  E.  Cor.  of  the  Square, 

SENECA,  S.  C. 


THOMPSON  & LOWERY,  Propr’s. 


We  do  a Ilrst-class  livery  busiuoss  and  deal  in  tine  Horses  an<l  Muies. 


CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  CARTS,  Etc. 

of  the  best  manufacture  constantly  on  hand,  and  sold  at  itrices  that  can  not  be 
duplicated  in  this  region. 

Indiana  Draft  Stock. 

Kentucky  Harness,  Saddle,  and  Combination  Horses. 
EII\IE  BROOD  MARES. 


Tourists  en  route  to  Highlands  will  find  comfortable  and  the  quickest 
conveyance  by  our  new  line,  passing  through  a picturesque  eountiy  over  a well- 
made  road. 


C.  W.  RIXOHF^ORD, 

DEALER  IN 

O-erLera.!  • ^v<Cercl:Lan.d-ise, 

WALHALLA,  S.  C. 


OTTO  H.  SCHUMACHER, 

I3;T 

GENERAL  - MERCHANDISE, 

WALHALLA,  S.  C. 


J.  J.  H N se  L, 

MANUFACTURER  AND  DEALER  IN 

• . furniture.  • • *1^ 

•^1- L/ N D e R TK  K:©  R . I4- 

WALHALLA,  S.  C. 

If  the  reader  wants  a house  or  Plantation  in  the 
South,  send  for  my  list  of  bargains  in  Seneca  and 
vicinity.  V.  B.  SWAN, 

REAL  ESTATE  AGNET.  Seneca,  S.  C. 

WALHALLA  GRANITE  QUARRY, 

■\YALIIALLA,  S.  C. 

FOR  SALE  AT  A GREAT  BARGAIN. 
to  j.  ,j.  ANSEL, 


WALHALLA,  S.  C. 


C.  M.  NTELD. 


F.  E.  HARRISOy. 


NIELD  & HARRISON, 

DEALERS  IN 


DRY  GOODS,  NOTIONS. 


CLOTHING,  HATS,  CAPS,  SHOES, 

Gentlemen’s  Furnishing  Goods,  &c, 

LADIES'  FINE  SHOES  A SPECIALTY. 

WALHALLA,  S.  C. 


C.  M.  NIELD,  Proprietor. 

Grower  and  Dealer  in  NATIVE  WINES. 


A LARGE  VARIETY  OF  CUTTINGS  AND 
ROOTED  VINES  ALWAYS  ON  HAND, 

Walhalla,  Oconee  Co.,  S.  C. 


PURITY  AND  QUALITY  GUARANTEED. 


L.  W.  JORDAN,  Seneca,  S.  C. 

Breeder  of  liigh  class  Jerseys,  also  Plymouth  Rock  and  Langshang  Chickens, 
and  Imperial  White  Pekin  Ducks. 

Herd  headed  by  Bull,  Pogis  Alphea,  212(i7,  whose  pedigree  appears  below. 
Cows  and  Heifers  bred  to  this  bull  for  sale. 

POCIS  ALPHEA  21267. 


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“BAY 


VIEW" 


I'lear  Bap  Hai^bop,  JVIe 


The  old  Closson  Homestead,  containing  50  acres,  situated  at  Blue  Hill,  Maine, 
across  the  Bay  from  Bar  Harlior  (but  much  safer  yachting  than  at  Bar  Harbor, 
being  land  locked).  There  is  about  half  a mile  of  ocean  front  available  for  cot 
tage  lot.s,  and  an  excellent  beach  for  bathing.  The  land  is  -n-ell  situated,  highly 
productive,  and  well  watered  by  living  springs.  There  is  a granite  rjuarry  on  the 
farther  side  with  an  inexhaustible  stipply  of  the  best  quality  of  building  material. 
•20  acres  are  in  wood  of  heavy  growth — fully  10,000  feet  of  siu-uce  lumber  is  now 
suitable  to  cut,  besides  enough  wooil  for  open  fires.  Fruit  in  variety.  Cottage 
with  basement.  Stable  30,x28.  Carriage  House,  Shed,  etc.,  needing  some  repairs. 

Steamers  pass  within  hailing  distance  and  leave  iiassengers  at  the  fann. 
Lobsters  and  other  shell  fish  in  great  abundance,  and  no  better  fisbing  anywhere. 


The  heirs  live  at  a distance,  and  being  unable  to  occupy  the  estate,  offer  the 
same  for 


JVIagnifiGent  Ocean  Viems. 


$.500  cash,  balance  $.500  a ye.ar  at  .5  per  cent,  interest. 


Apply  to 


GEO.  W.  CLAY,  Ex’r,  Blue  Hill,  Me. 


SAM’L  CLOSSON,  Monson,  Mass. 


Or  to  CHAPIN’S  FARM  AGENCY,  Boston,  Mass. 


